Soil physicochemical properties of Pinus tabuliformis plantations of different ages in Yanqing,Beijing北大核心CSCD

Soil physicochemical properties are important parameters to characterize soil quality. To evaluate the effects of different stand ages from young to mature on the soil physicochemical properties of Pinus tabulaeformis plantations, four different aged P. tabulaeformis plantations (14, 28, 36, and 51-year old) were investigated in Yanqing district, Beijing, China. Soil samples were collected at depths of 0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm, to analyze the effect of soil depth on soil physicochemical indexes. With increasing soil depth, the soil moisture content, water holding capacity, and porosity decreased gradually, but pH value increased. There was no significant difference in soil bulk density (BD) between different soil depths. Organic matter (OM), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) content also decreased gradually with increasing soil depth, but there was no uniform change in electrical conductivity (EC). With the growth and development of P. tabulaeformis plantations, the soil moisture content, water holding capacity, and porosity of the same depth increased gradually, but pH value decreased. The difference in BD between different ages was not significant. The OM, N, and P content showed an increasing trend with increasing stand age. The K content in 14 a and 28 a plantations was significantly higher than that in 36 a and 51 a plantations. EC was the highest in 51 a plantations. The correlation analysis showed that there was a significant negative correlation between BD and water characteristics, porosity. There was a significant positive correlation between OM and N, P. The negative correlation between OM and pH reached a significant level at P < 0.01. OM was negatively correlated with BD, total potassium (TK, P < 0.05) and available potassium (AK, P > 0.05). Therefore, the soil physicochemical properties of P. tabulaeformis plantations improved with increasing stand age. Our results provide a theoretical basis for the management of P. tabulaeformis plantations in Beijing, such as thinning, fertilization management, and mixed forest forestation. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved.     

广西国家重点生态功能区县域生态环境与社会经济协调发展关联分析

以广西国家重点生态功能区县域为研究单元,对2015—2020年县域经济社会发展水平和生态环境质量综合水平进行评估,通过权重赋值计算生态环境-社会经济综合实力,综合判断生态环境保护与社会经济发展的协调性。结果表明：研究区域体量小,人均可支配收入低;县域社会经济总体呈正向发展态势,发展速度相对缓慢,低于全区平均县域水平;生态环境综合质量呈现波动变化,部分县域生态环境综合质量增长率为负值;15个县域生态环境质量与社会经济发展为协调,10个县域为基本协调,2个县域处于调和等级。     

通信作业环境空气质量的测定及评价指标相关性

选择计算机终端室，通信机房，通信值班室３个典型作业环境，在设立室外对照点的情况下，现场测定ＣＯ２、ＣＯ、ＩＰ、细菌总数、空气离子、挥发性有机物（ＶＯＣｓ）等１０个指标。结果显示：上述指标在机主主作业环境内均得以检出，其中ＶＯＣｓ浓度较高据日均值和１ｄ的浓度变化趋势，各指标间存在一定的相关性，物品是空气离子与ＣＯ４、ＣＯ、ＶＯＣｓ、细菌总数、ＩＰ等具有正或负的相关性，可作为评价通信作业环境空气质量的     

Measuring mate choice using correlation: the effect of female sampling behaviour

For intersexual selection to occur, it is necessary that females choose between males. It is now well appreciated that constraints exist, which preclude females sampling all the available males in a population. These constraints are likely to have caused the evolution of sampling rules (such as the “best-of-n” rule) by which females sample males. Here we investigate the impact of female subsampling of the male population, not on the evolution of sampling behaviour, but on the population-level correlation between a male trait and currencies such as reproductive success. This study is important as it illustrates when population-level correlations can be safely used to infer the presence and strength of sexual selection in the field. We find that the correlation between a male trait and a mate choice variable rises steeply as the number of males sampled by each female increases, flattening above seven to ten males sampled. This shape is found to be remarkably robust, and little affected by, for example, the mate choice variable used, by noise in assessment, by sampling behaviour depending on female quality, or by population size. The only variable found to have a large impact is male clumping according to their “quality”. If females are sampling about four males, the maximum correlation that can be found at the population level is in the range 0.4–0.6, perhaps as little as 0.1 if males are strongly clumped. A recent review of the literature suggests that four is the average number of males that females sample. Thus, the absence of a strong correlation cannot by itself be used to infer that sexual selection is weak, as it may be due to females sampling few males. Received: 18 May 1998 / Accepted after revision: 18 July 1998     

沈阳地区一次颗粒物重污染天气过程的气象成因分析

为探究沈阳地区重污染天气成因,文章利用地面、高空气象观测资料、风廓线雷达资料、NECP再分析资料以及大气污染物监测资料,对2019年3月1～6日沈阳地区出现的一次持续性重污染天气过程,探讨了大气污染物质量浓度、地面气象要素变化特征、大气环流配置与外来输送等特征.结果表明,均压场、地面风场弱及辐合、高温高湿是本次重污染天...     

地表水泥沙与总磷测定值的相关性分析

为研究总磷与泥沙之间的质量浓度关系,采集了三峡库区7个断面的地表水样品,通过筛分、滤膜过滤等方式,分离了水样中不同粒径的泥沙,得到含不同泥沙质量浓度的水样,并同步分析了水样中泥沙和总磷的质量浓度.结果表明,在丰水期,总磷主要来源于泥沙中吸附的有机磷和无机磷,而溶解态磷较少.泥沙与总磷质量浓度可以用线性关系和对数关系模拟,泥沙是影响地表水中总磷测定结果的主要原因之一.     

多环芳烃的几种理化参数与LC50的相关性研究

对多环芳烃（PAHs)4种理化参数（KOW、SW、^1X、Vg(r))与LC50的相关关系进行了研究，建立了4种一元线性回归方程。结果表明，4种参数的相关系数分别为：0.7266、0.8083、0.9488、0.9570，经r检验，后两种属高度显著相关。用所建立的一元线性回归方程对7种PAHs的LC50进行估算，估算值民实测值相比，平均相对误差分别为58.84%、32.23%、17.61%、19.8%，用^1X和Vg(r)对LC50进行估算的估算度也较高。经比较，提出用Vg(r)估算PAHs对麦穗鱼LC50的新方法。     

杭州城区空气负离子特征及其与气象因子的关系

以杭州市典型的居民区为研究区域,对空气负离子浓度和其他气象因子进行了连续12个月的定点监测,分析了研究区空气负离子的日变化动态特征,以及空气负离子与气象因子的相关关系。结果表明,研究区的空气负离子浓度平3 3 3均值为241.49个/cm,空气负离子浓度日变化最大值出现在凌晨4:00 307.92个/cm,最小值出现在21:00,为193.06个/cm;空气负离子浓度与温度、水汽压和风速均成正相关,与紫外线强度、湿度和二氧化碳浓度成负相关。     

宝天曼木本植物群落数量排序与环境解释

研究选取14个分别代表植被群落、地形因子、土壤因子的指标,利用宝天曼自然保护区32块样地资料,研究了物种分布与环境之间关系。采用DCCA法可将该地区木本植物群落划分为3个类型;物种与9个环境因子之间存在显著的相关关系,前4轴可解释物种总变异的94.1%;海拔、坡度、土壤含水量、坡向是影响该地区物种分布的主要因子,其中海拔是指示物种分布变化的最敏感因子。不同指标集团的典型相关分析结果表明：地形与植被因子之间、土壤因子与植被因子之间第1对典范相关系数分别为0.712和0.783,存在着显著的相关关系,影响植被特征的最重要地形因子是海拔和坡度,土壤因子为土壤厚度和土壤含水量,而对地形和土壤反应最敏感的植被指标分别为林分密度和平均树高,群落分布状态是由地形和土壤因子共同作用所控制的。     

典型区域农业土壤中多环芳烃相关性分析研究

对某大型钢铁集团周边农业土壤中15种多环芳烃(PAHs)各组分间及其与总量间的相关性、与有机氯农药(OCPs)的相关性进行统计分析.结果表明,除萘(Nap)外,其他14种组分间及其与总量间的相关性极显著;δ-六六六(δ-HCH)与除Nap和二苯并[a,h]蒽(Daa)外的大部分PAHs组分呈极显著相关关系;p,p'-滴滴滴(p,p'-DDD)与大多数PAHs组分相关性极显著.