痕量铬的吸附溶出伏安法测定及其形态分析

研究了Cr~(3+)—PAR配合物的吸附伏安特性,建立了痕量Cr~(3+)的吸附溶出伏安测定方法。对武汉市沙湖水中铬的主要形态进行了分离和测定,提出了简易的分离系统。     

微电解-生化工艺在硝基苯废水处理中的协同作用

采用微电解与生化工艺结合处理硝基苯废水。通过微电解提高废水的可生化性 ,使废水的BOD5 CODCr由 0 11提高至 0 2 6 ;利用H O工艺进行后续处理 ,在H柱水力停留时间为 2 0h ,O柱水力停留时间为 10h的条件下 ,废水的总CODCr去除率为 86 % ,硝基苯的去除率为 99%     

液膜法去除水中Cr(Ⅵ)的研究

本文采用液膜法去除并回收水中Cr（Ⅵ）。对膜溶剂、载体、稳定剂的种类及用量进行了优选。用优选出的膜配方制成乳液处理含Cr（Ⅵ）水样，对制膜速度及时间、混合速度及时间、内外水相pH、膜内比及乳水比等操作条件对Cr（Ⅵ）去除率的影响进行了研究。     

白洋淀底泥腐殖质的表征及光化学反应

白洋淀底泥腐殖质的表征及光化学反应郁志勇王文华彭安（中国科学院生态环境研究中心，环境水化学国家重点实验室，北京１０００８５）关键词腐殖质；单线态氧（１Ｏ２）；自由基（ＲＯＯ·、ＨＯ·）；光化学反应腐殖质是动植物经过长期的物理、化学、生物作用而形成的...     

偶氮染料4BS光催化降解的特性研究

在二相流化床光催化反应器中 ,研究了染料 4BS光催化降解的特性 ,试验结果表明 :难生物降解染料 4BS光催化降解后 ,可提高其可生化性 ,且BOD5/CODCr值显著提高。     

用亚硫酸钠处理硅钢含铬废水的实验研究

用亚硫酸钠为还原剂对硅钢含铬废水进行了试验研究.结果表明,当反应阶段和沉淀阶段溶液的PH分别控制在3～4和8～9,投加1.4倍理论量的亚硫酸钠,反应20min,沉淀2h,出水六价铬和总铬均可达到排放标准.同时还可制得重要的化工原料Cr2O3.     

Chemical fixation of toxic metals in stainless steel pickling residue by Na2S∙xH2O, FeSO4∙6H2O and phosphoric acid for beneficial uses

The leaching concentrations of different metals in stainless steel pickling residue(SSPR)were determined and the toxic metals were treated using Na_2 S·xH_2 O,FeSO_4·6 H_2 O,and phosphoric acid.A modified European Community Bureau of Reference(BCR) sequential extraction was used to identify the speciation of the concerned metals.Results showed that SSPR contains a large amount of Ca(58.41%),Fe(29.44%),Cr(3.83%),Ni(2.94%),Mn(2.82%) and some of Al,Cu,Mg,Zn.Among them,Cr and Ni were the most toxic metals in SSPR,thus the raw SSPR falls into hazardous waste category due to the leaching amount of Cr.In addition,the leached Cr was identified as Cr6+(MgCr04) in the waste.BCR test revealed that risk assessment code(RAC) of Cr and Ni were 33.29% and 61.7%,indicating they posed "high" and "very high" risk to the environment,respectively.After fixing by Na_2 S·xH_2 O and FeSO_4·6 H_2 O,the leaching concentrations of Cr and Ni were less than 1.5 and 0.5 mg/L,respectively.After fixing by Na_2 S·xH_2 O and FeSO_4·6 H_2 O the tre ated SSPR can be safely reused as roadbed materials,concrete and cement aggregates.This study provides a useful implication in treatment and beneficial reuse of heavy metal-containing hazardous wastes.     

实验室加速腐蚀环境下35Cr2Ni4MoA材料镀硬铬表面腐蚀行为研究

目的研究35Cr2Ni4MoA材料镀硬铬表面的腐蚀行为特点。方法开展35Cr2Ni4MoA材料在实验室湿热环境和盐雾环境的加速腐蚀环境试验,分析腐蚀环境对35Cr2Ni4MoA材料镀硬铬表面腐蚀行为的影响,加速腐蚀试验共8个周期,通过蚀坑深度、蚀坑面积、单面面积腐蚀数量描述材料表面腐蚀情况。结果35Cr2Ni4MoA在实验室腐蚀环境下蚀坑深度随时间变化满足幂函数关系,蚀坑半径随时间满足线性关系。实验前期单位面积内点蚀数量较多,腐蚀程度轻,在试验中后期点蚀扩展相连,腐蚀面积变大,腐蚀数量减少,腐蚀程度加重。结论提高35Cr2Ni4MoA材料镀硬铬表面处理质量,减少材料表面处理孔隙,能有效提高35Cr2Ni4MoA材料的腐蚀防护能力。     

Reduced graphene oxide-nano zero value iron (rGO-nZVI) micro-electrolysis accelerating Cr(VI) removal in aquifer

Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) assembled on graphene oxide (GO) (rGO-nZVI) composites were synthesized by reduction of GO and ferrous ions with potassium borohydride, for use in Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solution. The results showed that the two-dimensional structure of GO could provide a skeleton support for Fe⁰, thus overcoming the bottleneck of aggregation for nZVI. Also, rGO-nZVI would form a ferric-carbon micro-electrolysis system in Cr(VI)-contaminated aquifers, enhancing and accelerating electron transfer, exhibiting high rate and capacity for Cr(VI) removal. The optimum dosage of the applied rGO-nZVI was linearly correlated with the initial Cr(VI) concentration. Characterization of rGO-nZVI before and after reaction with Cr(VI) revealed the process of Cr(VI) removal: rGO-nZVI firstly transferred electrons from Fe⁰ cores via their Fe(II)/Fe(III) shells to the GO sheet; there, negatively charged Cr(VI) received electrons and changed into positively charged Cr(III), which was adsorbed by the negatively charged GO sheet, avoiding the capping and passivating of nZVI. rGO-nZVI formed a good electrically conductive network, and thus had long-term electron releasing properties, which was important for groundwater remediation.     

Utilisation of Supernatants of Pure Cultures of Streptomyces thermocarboxydus NH50 to Reduce Chromium Toxicity and Mobility in Contaminated Soils

Chromium is a heavy metal used in various industrial sectors. Improper handling and storage of chromium-laden effluents or wastes can lead to the pollution of the environment. The most toxic form is the more mobile one: hexavalent chromium Cr(VI). The reduction of Cr(VI) results in the immobilisation of chromium into its less toxic trivalent form Cr(III). This phenomenon may prevent the contamination of groundwater when the soil in the vadose zone is contaminated. Many bacteria have been isolated from contaminated soils and described to reduce Cr(VI) into Cr(III). A new Cr(VI)-reducing strain, identified as a Streptomyces thermocarboxydus,has been isolated and studied in our laboratories for its ability to reduce Cr(VI). This aerobic bacterium, in contrast to other genera described which mediate reduction via enzymes, produces reducing agents into the culture supernatants. Cr(VI) reduction by these substances is accelerated by the presence of small concentration of cupric ions (Cu²⁺). The reducing agent(s) can be easily recovered from the bacterial cultures and used as cell-free solution to treat contaminated soils by an in situ or ex situ processes.