我国再生锌行业二噁英污染有效控制技术探讨

分析了我国再生锌行业产生二噁英污染的概况,为我国再生锌行业二噁英污染控制提供了基本依据;在对我国再生锌行业二噁英污染节点分析基础上,阐述了我国再生锌行业二噁英污染的控制方法;并提出了再生锌二噁英污染控制的有效技术途径.     

Chemical looping combustion: A new low-dioxin energy conversion technology

Dioxin production is a worldwide concern because of its persistence and carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic effects. The pyrolysis-chemical looping combustion process of disposing solid waste is an alternative to traditional solid waste incineration developed to reduce the dioxin production. Based on the equilibrium composition of the Deacon reaction, pyrolysis gas oxidized by seven common oxygen carriers, namely, CuO, NiO, CaSO₄, CoO, Fe₂O₃, Mn₃O₄, and FeTiO₃, is studied and compared with the pyrolysis gas directly combusted by air. The result shows that the activity of the Deacon reaction for oxygen carriers is lower than that for air. For four typical oxygen carriers (CuO, NiO, Fe₂O₃, and FeTiO₃), the influences of temperature, pressure, gas composition, and tar on the Deacon reaction are discussed in detail. According to these simulation results, the dioxin production in China, Europe, the United States, and Japan is predicted for solid waste disposal by the pyrolysis-chemical looping combustion process. Thermodynamic analysis results in this paper show that chemical looping combustion can reduce dioxin production in the disposal of solid waste.     

同位素稀释高分辨气相色谱-高分辨质谱法测定氯化石蜡工业品中二噁英

氯化石蜡（CPs）作为一种用途广泛、产量大的有机氯化学工业品,具有组成多样、基质复杂等特点,对其中产生的二噁英（PCDD/Fs）检测是当前工作面临的难题。建立了同位素稀释高分辨气相色谱-高分辨质谱法检测CPs工业品中PCDD/Fs的分析方法。对样品净化过程进行了优化,通过提取溶剂筛选,去除固体CPs中部分基质,建立的双活性炭柱法可高效去除CPs基质。方法采用¹³ C₁₂标记的PCDD/Fs内标物进行定性和定量分析。17种PCDD/Fs同系物的检出限为0.1～3 pg/g,回收率为31.7%～100%。该方法可对高纯度工业品中痕量持久性有机污染物进行高效的定性和定量分析,能够满足国家标准方法对PCDD/Fs检测的要求。