Variability of dust iron solubility in atmospheric waters: Investigation of the role of oxalate organic complexation

Atmospheric dust deposition is a major external iron source for remote surface ocean waters. Organic complexation is known to play a role in the dissolution of iron-containing minerals. In this paper, we present our study on the effect of oxalate on dust iron solubility in simulated rainwater. Our results reveal that the solubility of iron carried by analogs of different African dusts varies with the dust source. Our experiments indicate a positive linear correlation between iron solubility and oxalate concentration. Soluble iron (SFe) increases from 0.0025(±0.0005)% to 0.26(±0.01)% of total iron, considering all dust sources and with oxalate concentrations ranging from 0 to 8 μM. These results show that the observed variability of iron solubility in aerosols collected over the Atlantic Ocean is, at least partly, due to an increase in dust iron solubility, with the presence of oxalate complexation, rather than to the presence of more soluble anthropogenic iron. Considering the mineralogical composition of those particles, experiments with pure minerals (hematite, goethite and illite) were performed to study the dissolution process. We found that oxalate promotes the solubility of iron contained in clay and hence confirmed that more than 95% of SFe from soil dust is provided by clay (illite). This experimental work enables us to establish a parameterization of iron solubility in dust as a function of oxalate concentration and based on the individual iron solubility of pure iron-bearing minerals usually present in dust particles. Finally, our results emphasize that oxalate contributes to iron solubility on the same order of magnitude as the acid processes. Organic complexation appears to be a process that increases iron solubility and likely enhances the bioavailability of iron from dust.     

我国粉尘爆炸事故原因及预防对策

论述了我国粉尘爆炸事故的分类和宏观发展趋势，分析了造成粉尘爆炸事故多发的原因，提出了预防粉尘爆炸事故的对策。     

粉尘爆炸反应工程学简要综述

１９９３年在波兰召开的第五届国际粉尘爆炸学术会议上，邓煦帆曾在论文中提议建立粉尘爆炸反应工程学，并提出学科的目的意义、性质、主要组成部分和研究方法。本文拟将国内外有关本学科范围内的贡献，加以简要综述，以期能逐渐形成本学科的自身体系和特点。     

移动式颗粒床除尘器最佳入口风速下的阻力计算

分析论述了ＹＸＫＣ型除尘器在最佳入口风速下的阻力计算方法及其影响，指出了进一步研究和改进设计的方向与途径。     

气体、粉尘爆炸灾害及其安全技术

对可燃性气体、蒸汽、粉尘的爆炸特性及其抑爆、隔爆安全技术进行了系统的研究 ,并对常见的可燃性气体、蒸汽和粉尘的各种爆炸特性参数和气体抑爆安全技术参数进行了实验测定。根据实验测定结果得到的结论对这种可燃性物质的安全应用具有重要的参考价值     

对某煤矿29年防尘投入的成本效益分析报告

从卫生经济学角度出发,对山东某煤矿就尘肺病所造成经济损失进行了调查分析,采用类回顾性群组对比法,分析、评价了29年来(1962—1990年)该矿采取防尘措施所取得的经济效益,为进一步开展预防尘肺病的卫生经济学研究提供科学依据。     

除尘系统加接新支管的理论和实践

对于一个现有的除尘系统,若其除尘器、通风机的工作能力有足够的富余量,则可以在该系统管网上加接新的支管,来治理新的扬尘点。     

红外光谱法测定粉尘中游离二氧化硅综述

全面地回顾了国内外红外光谱法测定粉尘中游离二氧化硅的研究成果。系统而重点地介绍了溴化钾压片法、粉尘滤膜样品重沉积和采样滤膜直接测定技术,分析了样品粒度、标准石英物质和矿物干扰物对测定结果的影响及干扰消除方法;还介绍了国外对红外光谱法与Ｘ－射线衍射法进行比较性研究的结果和动态,并得出结论。文章所列参考文献对本领域研究人员和基层检测人员具有很高的参考价值。     

掘进巷道粉尘控制技术的研究

针对掘进巷道的特点,研制了一种高效实用的自激式水浴水膜除尘器,并对其结构、除尘过程和与掘进机相配套的方式进行了研究分析。还对掘进巷道中的产尘源进行了调查和分析,认为掘进巷道的防尘方法：应先采用掘进机头的内外喷雾,然后采用长压短抽的通风除尘系统和利用除尘器将含尘空气进行净化;对转载点除尘采用简易闭密罩加喷雾;对巷道周壁的粉尘采用喷洒粘尘剂固尘,才能有效地降低整个巷道的粉尘浓度。     

煤矿综采放顶煤工作面高浓度粉尘的综合防治

煤矿综采放顶煤工作面开采强度大、产尘尘源多、粉尘浓度高,因而对尘毒的治理难度大。为此,提出了治理的总体思路、防治方案并在几十个煤矿综采放顶煤工作面推广,取得了很好的效果。