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41.
The suppressive effects of cyclodextrins (CDs) on the strong estrogenic activity of 17β-estradiol (E2) in water environments were investigated in this study. Cyclodextrins are doughnut-shaped molecules that possess a hydrophobic cavity and a hydrophilic exterior. The cavity can incorporate nonpolar molecules as guests to form inclusion complexes. β-CD and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-CD (HP-β-CD) were the most successful in forming a complex with E2 and improving its low aqueous solubility. The E2/CDs complexes bound to the estrogen receptor in a cell-free system as determined by ELISA and suppressed the hormone activities as measured by a yeast two-hybrid assay. These results indicate that hydrophobic E2 is easily transported through the lipid zone of the plasma membrane into the target cell and can bind to the nuclear receptor. However, the hydrophilic E2/β-CD and E2/HP-β-CD complexes do not penetrate the membrane. Therefore, these CDs are able to suppress the hormone activity of E2 through complex formation. 相似文献
42.
Preliminary studies on potential remediation of acid mine drainage‐impacted soils by amendment with drinking‐water treatment residuals 下载免费PDF全文
Mining operations result in a wide range of environmental impacts: acid mine drainage (AMD) and acid sulfate soils being among the most common. Due to their acidic pH and high soluble metal concentrations, both AMD and acid sulfate soils can severely damage the local ecosystems. Proper post‐mining management practices are necessary to control AMD‐related environmental issues. Current AMD‐impacted soil treatment technologies are rather expensive and typically not environmentally sustainable. We conducted a 60‐day bench‐scale study to evaluate the potential of a cost‐effective and environment‐friendly technology in treating AMD‐impacted soils. The metal binding and acid‐neutralizing capacity of an industrial by‐product, drinking water treatment residuals (WTRs) were used for AMD remediation. Two types of locally generated WTRs, an aluminum‐based WTR (Al‐WTR) and a lime‐based WTR (Ca‐WTR) were used. Highly acidic AMD‐impacted soil containing very high concentrations of metals and metalloids, such as iron, nickel, and arsenic, was collected from the Tab‐Simco coal mine in Carbondale, Illinois. Soil amendment using a 1:1 Al‐ and Ca‐WTR mix, applied at 5 and 10 percent rates significantly lowered the soluble and exchangeable fractions of metals in the AMD‐impacted soil, thus lowering potential metal toxicity. Soil pH increased from an extremely acidic 2.69 to a near‐neutral 6.86 standard units over the 60‐day study period. Results from this preliminary study suggest the possibility of a successful scale‐up of this innovative, cost‐effective, and environmentally sustainable technology for remediating AMD‐impacted acid sulfate soils. 相似文献
43.
骆永明 《环境监测管理与技术》2011,23(3):1-6
随着城市化和产业转移进程的加快,我国城镇工业企业搬迁或遗留的污染场地数量与日俱增,亟须开展污染场地治理与修复工作,以保障人居环境安全、国民健康和社会稳定.综述了我国污染场地及其产生、状态和风险,污染场地管理、修复技术及工程实践进展,污染场地管理和修复的主要问题,场地污染防治与修复政策、技术和融资机制需求,旨在推进污染场... 相似文献
44.
在综述国内外场地污染土壤电动修复技术的研究现状和趋势的基础上,针对场地土壤电动修复中常见问题,包括电极设置方式、化学增强试剂的选择、土壤类型和污染程度等影响去除效率的因素及处理效果和能耗等进行阐述,探讨当前我国场地土壤电动修复技术研发的重点,以促进场地污染土壤修复技术的发展和应用. 相似文献
45.
某典型化工污染场地土壤修复方案研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以典型化工污染场地为研究对象,构建适合该场地的修复技术筛选体系,筛选最佳修复方法。根据特征污染筛选结果、场地修复目标及业主需求等因素,通过室内模拟实验、施工现场微调等方法,确定污染场地最优修复方案。结果表明,作为Cd、苯并[a]芘复合污染场地,根据筛选体系结合Topsis法进行评估,确定场地修复技术为异位化学淋洗。运用响应曲面法,采用BoxBehnken设计多因素实验进行室内模拟,确定最佳修复条件。采用0.6mol/L柠檬酸与20g/Lβ-环糊精进行复配的淋洗剂,在pH=3.0、淋洗温度35.00℃、液固比(淋洗剂与土壤的体积质量比)6.00mL/g、搅拌强度320.00r/min下,淋洗4次,每次淋洗3.4h,对某化工污染场地进行修复,修复后土壤中Cd、苯并[a]芘的去除量分别为69.88、39.20mg/kg,去除率分别达80.14%、70.50%,达到预期修复目标。 相似文献
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48.
从硝基苯污染地下水中筛选出一株以硝基苯为唯一碳源和氮源的低温、高效降解菌,命名为XJ菌;初步鉴定XJ菌为革兰氏阴性微小短杆细菌、恶臭假单胞菌属,降解硝基苯遵循部分还原降解途径;在10℃下培养96 h,XJ菌对硝基苯的降解去除率达到91.1%,其中约有67.1%的硝基氮素转变成了氨氮。在10℃下利用XJ菌修复硝基苯污染土壤,修复时间为96 h时,硝基苯去除率达到85.7%,XJ菌密度及微生物脱氢酶活性保持较高的水平。本研究可为低温下硝基苯污染土壤的生物修复提供参考。 相似文献
49.
A novel electrolytic groundwater remediation process, which used the H2 continuously generated at cathode to achieve in situ catalytic hydrodechlorination, was developed for the treatment of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) in groundwater. Catalytic hydrodechlorination using Pd supported on bamboo charcoal and external H2 showed that 2,4-DCP was completely dechlorinated to phenol within 30 min at pH ? 5.5. In a divided electrolytic system, the catalytic hydrodechlorination of 2,4-DCP in cathodic compartment by H2 generated at the cathode under 20 and 50 mA reached 100% at 120 and 60 min, respectively. Two column experiments with influent pHs of 5.5 (unconditioned) and 2 were conducted to evaluate the feasibility of this process. The 2,4-DCP removal efficiencies were about 63% and nearly 100% at influent pHs of 5.5 and 2, respectively. Phenol was solely produced by 2,4-DCP hydrodechlorination, and was subsequently degraded at the anode. A low pH could enhance the hydrodechlorination, but was not necessarily required. This study provides the preliminary results of a novel effective electrolytic process for the remediation of groundwater contaminated by chlorinated aromatics. 相似文献
50.
Giansoldati V Tassi E Morelli E Gabellieri E Pedron F Barbafieri M 《Chemosphere》2012,87(10):1119-1125
In this study we evaluated the effect of different fertilizer treatments on Brassica plants grown on boron-contaminated sediments. Experiments were conducted in the laboratory and on the lysimeter scale. At laboratory scale (microcosm), five different fertilizers were tested for a 35-d period. On the lysimeter scale, nitrogen fertilization was tested at three different doses and plants were allowed to grow until the end of the vegetative phase (70 d). Results showed that nitrogen application had effectively increased plant biomass production, while B uptake was not affected. Total B phytoextracted increased three-fold when the highest nitrogen dose was applied. Phytotoxicity on Brassica was evaluated by biochemical parameters. In plants grown in unfertilized B-contaminated sediments, the activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and pyrogallol peroxidase (PPX) increased, whereas catalase (CAT) decreased with respect to control plants. Addition of N progressively mitigated the alteration of enzymatic activity, thus suggesting that N can aid in alleviating B-induced oxidative stress. SOD activity was restored to control levels just at the lowest N treatment, whereas the CAT inhibition was partially restored only at the highest one. N application also lowered the B-induced increase in APX and PPX activities. Increased glutathione reductase activity indicated the need to restore the oxidative balance of glutathione. Data also suggest a role of glutathione and phytochelatins in B defense mechanisms. Results suggest that the nitrogen fertilizer was effective in improving B phytoextraction by increasing Brassica biomass and by alleviating B-induced oxidative stress. 相似文献