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31.
《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(4):396-407
Based on the experimental and theoretical methods, the NO selective catalytic oxidation process was proposed. The experimental results indicated that lattice oxygen was the active site for NO oxide over the -MnO2(110) surface. In the theoretical study, DFT (density functional theory) and periodic slab modeling were performed on an -MnO2(110) surface, and two possible NO oxidation mechanisms over the surface were proposed. The non-defect -MnO2(110) surface showed the highest stability, and the surface Os (the second layer oxygen atoms) position was the most active and stable site. O2 molecule enhanced the joint adsorption process of two NO molecules. The reaction process, including O2 dissociation and O=N-O-O-N=O formation, was calculated to carry out the NO catalytic oxidation mechanism over -MnO2(110). The results showed that NO oxidation over the -MnO2(110) surface exhibited the greatest possibility following the route of O=N-O-O-N=O formation. Meanwhile, the formation of O=N-O-O-N=O was the rate-determining step. 相似文献
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稀土材料氢氧化铈吸附水中亚砷酸与砷酸阴离子的特性效果 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
以开发新型高效除砷吸附材料为目的 ,在室温 (2 5℃ ) ,初始浓度 0 .0 5~ 2 5 0mg/L ,pH4~ 11条件下 ,对稀土材料氢氧化铈 (HCO)进行了吸附除砷的性能评价 .实验结果表明 ,在实验条件下 ,HCO对亚砷酸和砷酸阴离子都显示了良好的吸附效果 ,其吸附等温线能很好地用Langmuir方程进行描述 .对于低浓度 (0 0 5~ 10mg/L)的砷溶液 ,HCO在所选 pH条件下对亚砷酸和砷酸阴离子的吸附率可达 10 0 % .对于高浓度的砷溶液 ,偏酸性 (pH 4 )条件有利于砷酸阴离子 ,而中性 /微碱性 (pH 7,8)条件最有利于亚砷酸阴离子的吸附 .HCO对 2种形态的砷阴离子的吸附效应在较宽 pH范围内同溶液的离子强度基本无关 ,常见阴离子 (Cl-,NO-3 ,SO2 -4)的存在对砷的吸附也未显示出干扰效应 .从实验结果推测 ,HCO吸附亚砷酸和砷酸阴离子的主要反应机理应属于专性吸附 相似文献
35.
C. Clark K. F. Kelly N. Smith N. Fairweather T. Brown A. Johnston N. E. Haites 《黑龙江环境通报》1991,11(7):467-470
The polymerase chain reaction has been used to detect an abundant class of short repeat DNA families of the form (dC-dA)n.(dG-dT)n, known as microsatellites. These units are found throughout the human genome and have been characterized for several loci including APOC2 on chromosome 19ql2-ql3.2. The locus APOC2 is linked to the gene for dystrophia myotonica and a microsatellite within this locus was used to derive polymorphisms in a family to predict the inheritance of the disease. Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) was performed at 151/2 weeks' gestation. Following DNA extraction from the CVS material and parental blood samples, microsatellite analysis was carried out by the polymerase chain reaction. 相似文献
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M. S. Ristaldi M. Pirastu C. Rosatelli G. Monni H. Erlich R. Saiki Professor A. Cao 《黑龙江环境通报》1989,9(9):629-638
In this study, we describe a simple strategy to detect β-thalassaemia mutations in prospective parents and to make prenatal diagnosis in pregnancies at risk in the Mediterranean population. Screening of prospective parents is carried out by dot blot analysis on enzymatically amplified DNA with a set of oligonucleotide probes complementary to the most common mutations in this population. Prenatal diagnosis is accomplished by the same procedure on enzymatically amplified amniocyte or trophoblast DNA. The main advantages of this procedure are the simplicity, sensitivity (0.05 μg of DNA), and rapidity (12–24 h). Further simplification is obtained by amplification of the DNA from crude amniotic cell lysate. The very low amount of fetal material necessary for this analysis eliminates the need to culture amniotic fluid cells and may decrease the fetal loss rate associated with trophoblast sampling. The number of specific DNA sequences obtained by the amplification procedure allowed us to use non-radioactive labelled oligonucleotide probes, which have several advantages compared to radioactive probes. 相似文献
37.
利用XPS研究复合氧化物催化剂在汽车尾气净化中硫中毒及抗硫中毒机理 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
运用XPS分析方法研究一系列复合氧化物催化剂中毒前后硫在其表面的各种形态及催化剂活性组分中毒前后的组成,价态,化学机理及其变化。结果表明,SO2在催化剂活性中心进行化学吸附,然后一部分SO2与活性组分生成相应的亚硫酸盐和硫酸盐,从而使催化剂失活。 相似文献
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《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(4):263-274
The cryptomelane-type manganese oxide (OMS-2)-supported Co (xCo/OMS-2; x = 5, 10, and 15 wt.%) catalysts were prepared via a pre-incorporation route. The as-prepared materials were used as catalysts for catalytic oxidation of toluene (2000 ppmV). Physical and chemical properties of the catalysts were measured using the X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopic (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR) techniques. Among all of the catalysts, 10Co/OMS-2 performed the best, with the T90%, specific reaction rate at 245°C, and turnover frequency at 245°C (TOFCo) being 245°C, 1.23 × 10−3 moltoluene/(gcat·sec), and 11.58 × 10−3 sec−1 for toluene oxidation at a space velocity of 60,000 mL/(g·hr), respectively. The excellent catalytic performance of 10Co/OMS-2 were due to more oxygen vacancies, enhanced redox ability and oxygen mobility, and strong synergistic effect between Co species and OMS-2 support. Moreover, in the presence of poisoning gases CO2, SO2 or NH3, the activity of 10Co/OMS-2 decreased for the carbonate, sulfate and ammonia species covered the active sites and oxygen vacancies, respectively. After the activation treatment, the catalytic activity was partly recovered. The good low-temperature reducibility of 10Co/OMS-2 could also facilitate the redox process accompanied by the consecutive electron transfer between the adsorbed O2 and the cobalt or manganese ions. In the oxidation process of toluene, the benzoic and aldehydic intermediates were first generated, which were further oxidized to the benzoate intermediate that were eventually converted into H2O and CO2. 相似文献
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