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51.
An experimental testing program designed to evaluate the opening stability characteristics of direct acting pressure relief valves (PRV) in gas/vapor service is described. Three different valve sizes from each of three different manufacturers were tested at two different set pressures to determine their opening characteristics (disk lift vs. time). The valves were tested with several different lengths of inlet piping as well as with and without discharge piping to determine the conditions under which unstable operation (chatter) would occur. Part I of this program described a mathematical model for predicting the dynamic response of PRV's, and the data described in this test program were used to evaluate the accuracy of the model, as described in Part III of this study to follow. 相似文献
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《Process Safety and Environmental Protection》2014,92(6):948-956
In this study, a series of Co–MgO mixed oxides (30 wt.% Co) were prepared by co-precipitation method and employed as catalyst in low temperature CO oxidation reaction. The preparation conditions were optimized by the Taguchi method of experimental design to synthesize a sample with high catalytic performance toward CO oxidation reaction. The effects of four variables, pH of solution, aging temperature, aging time and molarity of precursor solution at three levels were investigated. The optimized sample was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature programmed reduction (TPR), temperature programmed desorption of oxygen (O2-TPD), N2 adsorption/desorption, thermal gravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. The results revealed that the optimized sample showed a mesoporous structure with a narrow pore size distribution centered in the range of 7–17 nm and particle size about 5.5 nm. It was found that the molarity of solution and aging time had the most influence on the CO conversion, respectively. The catalytic results showed that the highest CO conversion obtained from samples synthesized by Taguchi orthogonal array was about 90% at 200 °C, while the CO conversion for optimized sample was 95%. In addition, the effect of operational conditions was studied over optimized sample. 相似文献
53.
《Journal of Environmental Economics and Management》2014,67(3):583-597
The market rate of return on private investment is often used as the discount rate when conducting cost-benefit analysis (CBA) of public projects. I argue that the decision to invest pits current consumption against future consumption, both of which accumulate to the private decision maker. Public projects, on the other hand, provide benefits that accrue to society in general. To examine the appropriateness of discount rates based on returns to private investment, this paper considers lab experiments designed to test whether individuals discount personal and social benefits at different rates. Personal benefits are captured through personal monetary payments, while social benefits are captured through anonymous donations to charitable organizations. I jointly elicit time and risk preferences and find that subjects discount charitable contributions at significantly lower rates than personal payments. 相似文献
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Gavin McDonald Molly Wilson Diogo Veríssimo Rebecca Twohey Michaela Clemence Dean Apistar Stephen Box Paul Butler Fel Cesar Cadiz Stuart J. Campbell Courtney Cox Micah Effron Steve Gaines Raymond Jakub Roquelito H. Mancao Pablo T. Rojas Rocky Sanchez Tirona Gabriel Vianna 《Conservation biology》2020,34(5):1176-1189
Small-scale fisheries are an important livelihood and primary protein source for coastal communities in many of the poorest regions in the world, yet many are overfished and thus require effective and scalable management solutions. Positive ecological and socioeconomic responses to management typically lag behind immediate costs borne by fishers from fishing pressure reductions necessary for fisheries recovery. These short-term costs challenge the long-term success of these interventions. However, social marketing may increase perceptions of management benefits before ecological and socioeconomic benefits are fully realized, driving new social norms and ultimately long-term sustainable behavior change. By conducting underwater visual surveys to quantify ecological conditions and by conducting household surveys with community members to quantify their perceptions of management support and socioeconomic conditions, we assessed the impact of a standardized small-scale fisheries management intervention that was implemented across 41 sites in Brazil, Indonesia, and the Philippines. The intervention combines TURF reserves (community-based territorial use rights for fishing coupled with no-take marine reserves) with locally tailored social-marketing behavior change campaigns. Leveraging data across 22 indicators and 4 survey types, along with data from 3 control sites, we found that ecological and socioeconomic impacts varied and that communities supported the intervention and were already changing their fishing practices. These results suggest that communities were developing new social norms and fishing more sustainably before long-term ecological and socioeconomic benefits of fisheries management materialized. 相似文献
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微生物絮凝剂净化废水实验研究 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
采用微生物絮凝剂(MBF)对于多种康2进行了净2化实验研究,结果表明,从活性污泥中分离出的Q3-2菌株,由其产生的絮凝剂较曲霉产生的絮凝剂有更好的净化效果,最高絮凝率可达到99.5%。将传统的无机絮凝剂碱式氯化铝与微生物絮凝剂配合使用不仅可以降低絮凝剂的总投加量,而且还可减少污泥量及污泥中铝残留量,这有利于絮凝后废渣的综合利用。 相似文献
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A preliminary research on landscape ecology in desertification monitoring and assessment was reported. Also, this paper laid stress on the study of landscape diversity, dominance, evenness and Markov Matrix model and their respective landscape ecological meanings in the desertification monitoring and assessment. Concurrently, it took Shazhuyu Experimental Area, Qinghai Province as a specific case study. 相似文献
60.
对环境教育与化学实验教学的体系,作了一些有益的探索和尝试,并结合实际工作经验提示了一系列改进实验,减少污染的科学实验方法。 相似文献