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101.
Critical review of EPS production, synthesis and composition for sludge flocculation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Klai Nouh Ram Saurabh Kumar Sellamuthu Balasubramanian Rajeshwar Dayal Tyagi 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2018,30(4):225-245
Extracellular polymeric substances(EPS) produced by microorganisms represent biological macromolecules with unfathomable potentials and they are required to be explored further for their potential application as a bioflocculant in various wastewater sludge treatment. Although several studies already exist on biosynthetic pathways of different classical biopolymers like alginate and xanthan, no dedicated studies are available for EPS in sludge. This review highlights the EPS composition, functionality, and biodegradability for its potential use as a carbon source for production of other metabolites. Furthermore, the effect of various extraction methods(physical and chemical) on compositional, structural, physical and functional properties of microbial EPS has been addressed. The vital knowledge of the effect of extraction method on various important attributes of EPS can help to choose the suitable extraction method depending upon the intended use of EPS. The possible use of different molecular biological techniques for enhanced production of desired EPS was summarized. 相似文献
102.
Solution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-NMR) is a useful method to analyze organic phosphorus (Po), but a general procedure for the analysis method is lacking. The authors used solution 31P-NMR, which was found to be an effective method for analysis of Po in Haihe River sediment, to analyze the Po in the surface sediment in Eastern China at the regional scale, and found that the NaOH-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) extraction rate was affected by environmental factors. At the regional scale, the extraction rate showed a positive relationship with loss on ignition, when the extraction rate was lower than 60%. The extraction rate had no relationship with the loss on ignition when the extraction rate was higher than 60%. The extraction rate showed a negative relationship with pH, which means that the extraction rate was higher in acidic sediment and lower in alkaline sediment. The ratio of TC/TN (the ratio of total carbon to total nitrogen) was considered to represent the origin of organic matter in the sediment. The extraction rate was high when the TC/TN ratio was lower than 20, meanwhile the extraction rate decreased as the TC/TN ratio increased. The results show that the origin of organic matter in sediment significantly affects the NaOH-EDTA extraction rate. This study will give theoretical support for building an effective and general solution 31P-NMR analysis method. 相似文献
103.
104.
荧光法测定水中微量油有关萃取条件的讨论 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
荧光法测定水中微量油有关萃取条件的讨论张丹丹(南通市环境科学研究所)DISCUSSIONONTHEEXTRACTIONCONDITIONSOFMEASURINGMINOROILINTHEWATREBYFLUORESENCEMETHOD¥ZhangDa... 相似文献
105.
正己烷萃取-气相色谱法快速测定水中三氯乙烯 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用正己烷萃取法对水中三氯乙烯进行富集,用毛细管柱气相色谱法进行测定;通过正交试验,对气相色谱测定的主要影响因素和条件进行优化选择,并进行定量评价,总结其影响规律,最终确定最佳测定条件。同时对该方法检出限、准确度和精密度进行检验,完成方法验证。结果表明,该方法简单、快速、准确可靠,灵敏度高,在水环境质量监测中具有实用性。 相似文献
106.
107.
建立了超声提取-气相色谱质谱法测定大气PM2.5中32种正构烷烃方法,经离子温度优化、前处理比较、空白滤膜考察等获得了最佳的实验条件。研究发现,高、中、低3种浓度标准曲线的相关系数均在0.995以上,3种浓度的空白样品加标回收率分别为72.2%~117.8%、73.5%~104.4%、73.8%~109.5%,精密度均小于10%,实际样品加标回收率为75.7%~108.9%。当采样体积为24 m3时,各目标化合物的方法检出限为0.046~2.6 ng/m~3;经正构烷烃浓度范围为0.17~64.3 ng/m~3的1月及浓度范围为0.53~7.67 ng/m~3的6月的实际样品验证,该方法的检出限和测量范围也可较好的满足实际样品的测定。 相似文献
108.
Concetto Giorgianni Mariagiuseppina Tanzariello Domenico De Pasquale Renato Brecciaroli Giovanna Spatari 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2019,25(4):583-586
Background. Organic solvents cause diseases of the vestibular system. However, little is known regarding the correlation between vestibular damage and exposure to organic solvents below threshold limit values. The best measure by which to evaluate vestibular disorders is static and dynamic posturography. Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate equilibrium disorders via static and dynamic posturography in workers without clear symptoms and exposed to low doses of mixed solvents. Methods. 200 subjects were selected. Using an Otometrics device (Madsen, Denmark), all subjects endured static and dynamic posturography testing with both eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions. Results were compared with a control group of unexposed individuals. Result. Based on the obtained data, the following results can be drawn: (a) subjects exposed to mixtures of solvents show highly significant differences regarding all static and dynamic posturography parameters in comparison to the control group; (b) posturography testing has proven to be a valid means by which to detect subliminal equilibrium disorders in subjects exposed to solvents. Conclusion. We can confirm that refinery workers exposed to mixtures of solvents can present subliminal equilibrium disorders. Early diagnosis of the latter is made possible by static and dynamic posturography. 相似文献
109.
采用索氏提取、超声波萃取方法与高效液相色谱技术相结合对扎龙底泥中邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)和邻苯二甲酸(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)进行测定。 相似文献
110.
紫外线吸收剂废水属于典型高浓度有机酸性高盐废水,难以生物降解,首先分析了紫外线吸收剂废水国内外处理现状,然后介绍江苏省某紫外线吸收剂企业废水处理工程的工艺参数、调试过程和运行效果,并对相关问题进行了分析,最后进行了总结。工程设计处理能力为240 m3/d,采用蒸发析盐和萃取分质处理并结合生化工艺,出水水质指标达到并高于化工园区废水接管标准。该处理工艺的成功运行对于同行业废水治理具有一定参考价值。 相似文献