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161.
以腐殖酸和纳米Fe2O3为对象,着重研究了腐殖酸分子在纳米Fe2O3表面的吸附过程中的疏水效应,借助红外光谱和热重等分析方法研究了腐殖酸吸附前后的疏水性随溶液环境变化的规律。结果表明,当离子强度为0、0.005、0.01和0.05 mol/kg,pH从7变到12时,纳米Fe2O3吸附溶解性腐殖酸分子后形成的复合体的热失重量随着pH的升高先减小后增大。当pH从7升高到10时,亲水性降低,疏水性增强;当pH从10升高到12时,亲水性增强,疏水性降低。当离子强度为0.001 mol/kg,pH从7变到12时,复合体的热失重量随着pH的升高而减小,亲水性降低,疏水性增强。当pH为定值,离子强度变化时,纳米Fe2O3吸附溶解性腐殖酸分子后形成的复合体的热失重量随着离子强度的增加不断变化,曲线呈现出波动趋势,亲、疏水性在交替变化。红外光谱分析结果说明,对纳米Fe2O3吸附溶解性腐殖酸分子后形成的复合体的亲疏水性起主要影响的官能团可能是亲水性的羟基—OH、羰基CO和疏水性的CH2烷烃。 相似文献
162.
采用水相共沉淀法制备小尺寸磁性Fe3O4纳米颗粒,以没食子酸作为还原剂和表面修饰剂,还原Ag[(NH3)2]’制备出Fe3O4/Ag磁性纳米颗粒。研究该磁性纳米颗粒对水溶液中铅离子的吸附行为,研究结果表明,pH为7.0,吸附温度30℃时可得到最好的处理效果,铅的去除率可达99.7%以上,Fe3O4/Ag颗粒吸附行为符合二级动力学模型(R2〉0.99)。该磁性纳米颗粒经过多次再生处理后,仍具有很好的吸附效果,表明Fe3O4/Ag在水处理方面拥有良好的应用前景。 相似文献
163.
Abstract The functional status of the immune system of female mice exposed to a single oral dose of dimethoate (16 mg / kg) was evaluated by assessing cell mediated and humoral immune responses, in addition to the effect of dimethoate on spleen and body weights after different time intervals. The data showed that dimethoate caused a time ‐ depended decrease in spleen weights in the absence of a change in body weights. The immunologic effect of dimethoate to female mice produced a dose‐dependent decrease in the number of the rosette forming cells (total and active erythrocyte rosette). The ability of splenocytes to proliferation in response to mitogens; phytohemagglutinin (PHA) for T cell and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for B cell were significantly decreased at the different times. As compared to control, a significant decrease in serum total immunoglobulins (Ig) and IgM was found, while IgG was non‐significant deceased. Results of this study also revealed that dimethoate caused a significant decrease in the number of plaque forming cell (PFC / 106 splenocytes) in a time dependent manner. 相似文献
164.
采用共沉淀法制备Cu和Fe掺杂的六铝酸盐催化剂(SrCuxFe1-xAl11O19-δ,x为0,0.2,0.4,0.5,0.6,0.8,1),通过XRD、TPR、BET等技术方法对催化剂的结构及性质进行了研究,并考察了以CO为还原剂的催化脱硝活性。结果表明,用碳酸铵作为沉淀剂在1 200℃焙烧4 h可以形成完整的六铝酸盐晶型,Cu和Fe能够取代Al3+,很好地促进六铝酸盐晶体结构的形成;SrCuxFe1-xAl11O19-δ催化剂有很好的脱硫脱硝催化活性,此类型的催化剂均使SO2、NO的转化率在空速为6 000 h-1下达到了80%和90%以上。向体系中加入氧气会对催化活性有较大影响。 相似文献
165.
采用沉积-沉淀法制备了碳纳米管(CNTs)和二氧化硅(SiO2)负载的纳米Fe2O3催化剂,将其应用于高毒气体PH3分解反应.通过XRD,TEM,XPS,BET等一系列检测手段,对制备样品的相结构、形貌、组分和比表面积进行了表征.研究结果表明,在PH3催化分解反应过程,极少量的产物P迁移至Fe2O3中,形成金属磷化物FeP作为反应的活性相.与Fe2 O3/SiO2相比,Fe2O3/CNTs显示了较高的催化性能.在440℃反应温度下,Fe2O3/CNTs对PH3分解率达到99.8%.CNTs作为催化剂载体的优秀性能可归因于CNTs良好的导电性能和活性组分在其上的高度分散. 相似文献
166.
在PVDF基体改性的基础上,采用浸渍法制备出Ni/Fe/Al2O3·PVDF催化还原剂。通过对一氯乙酸的脱氯效果研究,对交联液配比及交联时间、不同浓度硫酸镍浸渍时间、镍铁比等因素进行优化,实验优化结果表明,Ni/Fe/Al2O3·PVDF催化还原剂对一氯乙酸脱氯60 min脱氯率达到64%。经SEM表征,制备出的双金属在膜载体表面及断面分布均匀,呈球状和片状结构且双金属未发生团聚。 相似文献
167.
Iron-catalyzed oxidation of As(III) to As(V) can be highly effective for toxic arsenic removal via Fenton reaction and Fe(II) oxygenation. However, the contribution of ubiquitous organic ligands is poorly understood, despite its significant role in redox chemistry of arsenic in natural and engineered systems. In this work, selected naturally occurring organic ligands and synthetic ligands in co-oxidation of Fe(II) and As(III) were examined as a function of pH, Fe(II), H2O2, and radical scavengers (methanol and 2-propanol) concentration. As(III) was not measurably oxidised in the presence of excess ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (i.e. Fe(II):EDTA < 1:1), contrasting with the rapid oxidation of Fe(II) by O2 and H2O2 at neutral pH under the same conditions. However, partial oxidation of As(III) was observed at a 2:1 ratio of Fe(II):EDTA. Rapid Fe(II) oxidation in the presence of organic ligands did not necessarily result in the coupled As(III) oxidation. Organic ligands act as both iron speciation regulators and radicals scavengers. Further quenching experiments suggested both hydroxyl radicals and high-valent Fe species contributed to As(III) oxidation. The present findings are significant for the better understanding of aquatic redox chemistry of iron and arsenic in the environment and for optimization of iron-catalyzed arsenic remediation technology. 相似文献
168.
采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法、火焰原子吸收法测定水中的铁、锰,优化了测定条件。结果表明,两种方法检Ⅲ限均较低,准确度高,精密度好,具有很强的可比性。 相似文献
169.
Hydrochemistry of urban groundwater, Seoul, Korea: the impact of subway tunnels on groundwater quality 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chae GT Yun ST Choi BY Yu SY Jo HY Mayer B Kim YJ Lee JY 《Journal of contaminant hydrology》2008,101(1-4):42-52
Hydrogeologic and hydrochemical data for subway tunnel seepage waters in Seoul (Republic of Korea) were examined to understand the effect of underground tunnels on the degradation of urban groundwater. A very large quantity of groundwater (up to 63 million m3 year− 1) is discharged into subway tunnels with a total length of 287 km, resulting in a significant drop of the local groundwater table and the abandonment of groundwater wells. For the tunnel seepage water samples (n = 72) collected from 43 subway stations, at least one parameter among pathogenic microbes (total coliform, heterotrophic bacteria), dissolved Mn and Fe, NH4+, NO3−, turbidity, and color exceeded the Korean Drinking Water Standards. Locally, tunnel seepage water was enriched in dissolved Mn (avg. 0.70 mg L− 1, max. 5.58 mg L− 1), in addition to dissolved Fe, NH4+, and pathogenic microbes, likely due to significant inflow of sewage water from broken or leaking sewer pipes.Geochemical modeling of redox reactions was conducted to simulate the characteristic hydrochemistry of subway tunnel seepage. The results show that variations in the reducing conditions occur in urban groundwater, dependent upon the amount of organic matter-rich municipal sewage contaminating the aquifer. The organic matter facilitates the reduction and dissolution of Mn- and Fe-bearing solids in aquifers and/or tunnel construction materials, resulting in the successive increase of dissolved Mn and Fe. The present study clearly demonstrates that locally significant deterioration of urban groundwater is caused by a series of interlinked hydrogeologic and hydrochemical changes induced by underground tunnels. 相似文献
170.