Arsenic release from microbial reduction of scorodite in the presence of electron shuttle in flooded soil

Scorodite (FeAsO₄·H₂O) is a common arsenic-bearing (As-bearing) iron mineral in nearsurface environments that could immobilize or store As in a bound state.In flooded soils,microbe induced Fe(Ⅲ) or As(Ⅴ) reduction can increase the mobility and bioavailability of As.Additionally,humic substances can act as electron shuttles to promote this process.The dynamics of As release and diversity of putative As(Ⅴ)-reducing bacteria during scorodite reduction have yet to be investigat...     

铁-草酸配合物光分解降解活性染料的研究

研究了铁（Ⅲ)-草酸配合物在可见光及太阳光照射下，对活性染料的光解降解作用。结果表明，在pH=4．0、Fe(Ⅲ)／H2E2O4=0．060mmol／L／2．88mmol／L(草酸分2次加入)、光照3h的条件下，20mg／L的活性红的降解率为97．5％。溶液pH值、铁与草酸浓度比和活性染料浓度均对降解效果产生影响。     

胡敏酸和富里酸与Fe3+氧化还原动力学研究

采用邻二氮菲比色法研究了Fe3 与不同浓度的胡敏酸(HA)和富里酸(FA)的氧化还原反应动力学特征.结果表明,采用常用动力学方程对反应过程进行拟合,二级反应方程比较满意.在相同腐殖酸浓度下,随着Fe3 初始浓度的增加,腐殖酸还原Fe3 的速度常数k2降低,而还原反应半衰期t1/2增大;HA还原Fe3 的速率常数k2大于FA,半衰期小于FA. HA对Fe3 的还原能力较FA高,氧化还原容量亦比后者大.     

Rapid evaluation of arsenic contamination in paddy soils using field portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry

Arsenic (As) in paddy fields is deteriorating food security and human health through rice ingestion. Rice is the dominant food source of arsenic exposure to half of the world''s population. Therefore, an in situ effective method for As risk evaluation in paddy soil is strongly needed to avoid As exposure through rice ingestion. Herein, we developed a rapid analytical methodology for determination of As in plant tissues using field portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (FP-XRF). This method was applied to rice roots in order to evaluate the As contamination in paddy soils. The results showed that rice roots with iron plaques were superior to rhizosphere soils for generating FP-XRF signals, especially for field sites with As concentrations lower than the soil detection limit of FP-XRF (30.0 mg/kg). Moreover, the strong linear relationships of As concentrations between the rice roots and corresponding leaves and grains proved that the rice root, rather than the soil, is a better predictor of As concentrations in rice grains. The research provides an efficient As monitoring method for As contaminated paddy fields by using wetland plant roots with iron plaques and XRF-based analytical techniques.     

纳米级Fe3O4-Pd/Fe复合材料催化脱氯2,4-D研究

采用共沉淀法制备纳米级Fe_3O_4,将其包覆在纳米Pd/Fe颗粒表面制成纳米级Fe_3O_4-Pd/Fe复合材料,并用于2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)的催化脱氯.同时,采用透射电镜(TEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)等方法对复合材料的结构进行分析,并考察了初始pH、钯化率、反应温度、纳米Fe_3O_4投加量等实验参数对n Fe_3O_4-Pd/Fe复合材料催化脱氯2,4-D的影响.结果发现,纳米Fe_3O_4粒径小于Pd/Fe纳米颗粒,具有一定的磁性,包覆于纳米Pd/Fe表面,提高了纳米材料的稳定性及分散性,并有利于复合材料的回收和循环利用.此外,纳米Fe_3O_4具有一定的导电性,可作为良好的电子通道为纳米Pd/Fe颗粒传递电子,促进反应的进行,增强2,4-D的去除效果.实验结果表明,较高的钯化率、反应温度、Fe_3O_4∶Fe质量比及中性pH条件均有利于反应的进行.当纳米Fe投加量为1.0 g·L-1,m(Fe_3O_4)∶m(Fe)为1∶1,初始pH为7.0,钯化率为0.15%,反应温度为25.0℃时,反应90 min后,40.0 mg·L-1的2,4-D的去除率达到100%,苯氧乙酸(PA)的生成率达99.8%.     

间接光度法测定饮水中二氧化氯的浓度

在酸性介质中 ,将二氧化氯与过量的亚铁离子反应 ,未反应的亚铁离子再与邻菲罗啉显色 ,通过测定显色溶液吸光度值的改变来实现对水中二氧化氯的定量。本文通过大量实验确定了该方法的实验条件以及干扰因素。本法操作简便无毒 ,专一性强 ,分析速度快 ,准确度与灵敏度较高。检出限为 :( 5 3 6× 10 -3 1 3 3 )mg/L。相关系数为 :0 9997。变异系数为 :2 5 5 %。     

纳米Fe3O4/H2O2降解诺氟沙星

采用纳米Fe3O4催化H2O2氧化降解水环境中的诺氟沙星.考察了溶液酸度、温度、催化剂和H2O2浓度对诺氟沙星降解的影响,对比不同底物在Fe3O4/H2O2体系中的降解情况,并进一步探讨了其反应机制.结果表明,溶液酸度显著影响诺氟沙星的降解率,在酸性条件下（pH=3.5）诺氟沙星的降解效率最高.诺氟沙星的降解率随纳米F...     

纳米Fe、Si体系对3,3′,4,4′-四氯联苯的脱氯降解

研究了纳米Fe、Si体系降解3,3′,4,4′-四氯联苯(PCB77)的动力学差异.结果表明,纳米Fe0、纳米Fe3O4和纳米Si0对PCB77均有降解作用,该降解为还原脱氯反应.降解过程符合准一级反应动力学,反应速率常数Kobs分别为0.0177,0.0038,0.0045h-1.PCB77初始浓度为5mg/L,纳米材料投加量为5g/L,溶液pH4.5条件下,纳米Fe0体系对PCB77降解效果最为显著,64h时PCB77残留率仅为19.83%,氯离子浓度为50.3μmol/L,反应体系pH值从4.5升至5.26.纳米双元体系Fe0和Si0、Fe3O4和Si0对PCB77降解过程也符合准一级反应动力学,反应速率常数Kobs分别为0.0114,0.004h-1,其中纳米Fe0和Si0体系降解效果优于纳米Fe3O4和Si0体系.PCB77残留率分别为34.91%和66.62%,氯离子浓度分别为40.07,20.47μmol/L,反应体系pH值变化不明显.随着溶液初始pH值增加,纳米Fe0、纳米Fe3O4降解PCB77效果明显降低,但溶液pH值升高有利于纳米Si0对PCB77的降解.两组纳米双元体系对PCB77的降解效果受pH值影响小.     

絮凝剂PSPAFC中铁铝共聚物的形态表征

通过pH值、测定波长、溶液浓度、分析试剂等确定改进了经典的Fenon逐时络合比色法,使其能用于测定Fe、Al共存溶液中[Fe,A1]的含量,从而测定实际含Fe、Al共聚物的溶液中[Fe,Al]的形态分布.结果表明,在pH=5.0,波长为362 nm,铝铁总浓度在1×10-5-1×10-4mol/L范围内,Fe、Al共聚...     

Nitrobenzene attenuation process in subsurface environment by surface-Fe（ H ） based on iron oxides

通过静态实验研究了基于铁氧化物表面Fe（Ⅱ）对地下环境中硝基苯的衰减作用．结果表明,在硝基苯浓度为150mg·L^-1,Fe（Ⅱ）与硝基苯物质的量比为13．5时,反应60h内,离子态的Fe（Ⅱ）、Fe（Ⅱ）一正方针铁矿、Fe（Ⅱ）一赤铁矿、Fe（Ⅱ）一针铁矿对硝基苯的衰减属于一级反应动力学;Fe（Ⅱ）-正方针铁矿和Fe（Ⅱ）-针铁矿对硝基苯的衰减效果相近,且均比Fe（Ⅱ）．赤铁矿对硝基苯的衰减效果好;Fe（Ⅱ）与硝基苯的物质的量比对硝基苯的衰减也有一定的影响,在硝基苯浓度为150mg·L^-1,Fe（Ⅱ）与硝基苯物质的量比为13．5时,对硝基苯的衰减效果相对较好,对硝基苯的去除率均在25．18％以上．