全文获取类型
收费全文 | 901篇 |
免费 | 106篇 |
国内免费 | 392篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 70篇 |
废物处理 | 99篇 |
环保管理 | 66篇 |
综合类 | 682篇 |
基础理论 | 168篇 |
污染及防治 | 192篇 |
评价与监测 | 104篇 |
社会与环境 | 13篇 |
灾害及防治 | 5篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 12篇 |
2023年 | 18篇 |
2022年 | 35篇 |
2021年 | 41篇 |
2020年 | 41篇 |
2019年 | 42篇 |
2018年 | 31篇 |
2017年 | 41篇 |
2016年 | 52篇 |
2015年 | 66篇 |
2014年 | 81篇 |
2013年 | 104篇 |
2012年 | 84篇 |
2011年 | 84篇 |
2010年 | 62篇 |
2009年 | 59篇 |
2008年 | 50篇 |
2007年 | 71篇 |
2006年 | 76篇 |
2005年 | 50篇 |
2004年 | 40篇 |
2003年 | 48篇 |
2002年 | 29篇 |
2001年 | 33篇 |
2000年 | 27篇 |
1999年 | 15篇 |
1998年 | 16篇 |
1997年 | 25篇 |
1996年 | 14篇 |
1995年 | 12篇 |
1994年 | 6篇 |
1993年 | 8篇 |
1992年 | 7篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1399条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
991.
Nitrate-induced photodegradation of atenolol in aqueous solution: kinetics, toxicity and degradation pathways 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The extensive utilization of β-blockers worldwide led to frequent detection in natural water. In this study the photolysis behavior of atenolol (ATL) and toxicity of its photodegradation products were investigated in the presence of nitrate ions. The results showed that ATL photodegradation followed pseudo-first-order kinetics upon simulated solar irradiation. The photodegradation was found to be dependent on nitrate concentration and increasing the nitrate from 0.5 mM L−1 to 10 mM L−1 led to the enhancement of rate constant from 0.00101 min−1 to 0.00716 min−1. Hydroxyl radical was determined to play a key role in the photolysis process by using isopropanol as molecular probe. Increasing the solution pH from 4.8 to 10.4, the photodegradation rate slightly decreased from 0.00246 min−1 to 0.00195 min−1, probably due to pH-dependent effect of nitrate-induced OH formation. Bicarbonate decreased the photodegradation of ATL in the presence of nitrate ions mainly through pH effect, while humic substance inhibited the photodegradation via both attenuating light and competing radicals. Upon irradiation for 240 min, only 10% reduction of total organic carbon (TOC) can be achieved in spite of 72% transformation rate of ATL, implying a majority of ATL transformed into intermediate products rather than complete mineralization. The main photoproducts of ATL were identified by using solid phase extraction-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPE-LC-MS) techniques and possible nitrate-induced photodegradation pathways were proposed. The toxicity of the phototransformation products was evaluated using aquatic species Daphnia magna, and the results revealed that photodegradation was an effective mechanism for ATL toxicity reduction in natural waters. 相似文献
992.
An extensive study on the presence of illicit drugs and pharmaceuticals with potential for abuse in sewage waters was made for the first time in the Netherlands. A total number of 24 target drugs were investigated in influent and effluent wastewater using liquid chromatography coupled to a high resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometer. This powerful analyzer has allowed not only the detection and identification of the compounds under investigation, but also their quantification at very low levels, which is highly innovative in the field of drugs of abuse. Samples were taken from five sewage treatment plants (STPs) during a whole week. The selected STPs served four cities of different size and an international airport. Daily variances of drug loads were demonstrated and removal efficiencies calculated for each drug and STP individually. Twelve target compounds were found in at least one influent or effluent, and highest concentrations were observed in influents collected from more urbanized areas. The compounds more frequently detected were amphetamine, benzoylecgonine, cocaine and THCCOOH together with the pharmaceuticals codeine, oxazepam and temazepam. Established week trends in consumption of drugs showed distinct differences between individual drugs. A slightly different occurrence pattern was observed in wastewaters from the airport. Thus, methamphetamine was only detected at Schiphol, a fact that was interpreted to be caused by consumption of this drug by travelers. Despite the fact that the Netherlands has frequently been criticized for its liberal drug policy the results from this study did not reveal higher drug consumption than found elsewhere, with the exception of cannabis. 相似文献
993.
The occurrence of free and conjugated estrogens was examined in a survey of eleven sewage treatment plants (STPs) and their discharge water in the United Kingdom using grab sampling. The STPs included trickling filter with and without tertiary treatment, and activated sludge with tertiary treatment. For three activated sludge plants both influent and effluent samples were compared. For a further 8 STPs only the effluent was examined. The estrone-3-sulphate, estradiol-3-sulphate and estriol-3-sulphate concentrations (up to 20 ng L−1) were typically 5-fold that of the respective free estrogen concentration in the effluents. This represents a substantial additional ‘potential’ estrogen load arriving in the receiving waters. Estrone-3-glucuronide was found at 9 ng L−1, estradiol-3-glucuronide at 7 ng L−1, and estriol-3-glucuronide at 32 ng L−1 in sewage influent. Except on one occasion, no glucuronide conjugates could be found in the effluent. The results suggest in most cases glucuronide conjugates will be completely transformed in sewage treatment whilst sulphate conjugates will only be partially removed. 相似文献
994.
995.
996.
表面流人工湿地硝化和反硝化强度研究 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
通过对表面流人工湿地不同土壤层硝化反硝化强度的研究,探讨了表面流人工湿地脱氮过程中沿程硝化和反硝化作用的变化,以及不同C∶N对系统反硝化强度的影响.研究结果表明,系统可同时进行硝化和反硝化作用,硝化强度具有较明显的分层现象,表层土壤高于深层土壤.系统中沿程硝化强度呈递减趋势,硝化强度反映了氨氮去除率的大小,其去除率为68%.反硝化强度研究结果表明:深层土壤的反硝化强度略高于表层土壤;沿程1/3至1/2段最大;5倍碳源时反硝化强度最高,3倍碳源次之,不加碳源最低;但系统的反硝化强度普遍较高,保持了良好的脱氮效果. 相似文献
997.
998.
离子色谱-质谱联用测定瓶装水中的高氯酸盐和溴酸盐 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以高容量、强亲水性的IonPac AS20(2mm)为分析柱,ESI-MS-MS串联质谱为检测器,同时测定瓶装水中的高氯酸盐和溴酸盐.该方法对高氯酸盐和溴酸盐的检出限(S/N=3)分别为0.01μg·l-1和0.1μg·l-1,线性相关系数分别是r=0.9990(0.05-100μg·l-1)和r=0.9998(0.5-100μg·l-1).对某样品连续进样7次,高氯酸盐和溴酸盐的相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为1.2%和0.9%.运用该方法测定瓶装水,并加标回收,高氯酸盐和溴酸盐的加标回收率分别在101.0%-116.5%之间和87.5%-118.9%之间. 相似文献
999.
在高锰酸盐指数的测定方法中,标准碱性法具有较强的抗氯离子干扰能力,但对于高氯离子浓度水样,在酸化后的滴定过程中高锰酸盐可使氯离子氧化导致滴定终点难于辨认。采用高锰酸盐氧化-碘量法(以下简称碘量法)可以较好地解决这一问题。试验得出:碘化钾加入量为4~5mL(0.5mol/L),氯离子浓度在12000mg/L以下对测定结果基本无影响;Fe3+对结果有负干扰,当用氟离子掩蔽后,Fe3+浓度对测定结果基本上无影响;碘量法的回收率在96%~102%之间。 相似文献
1000.
希夏邦马峰北坡达索普冰川区冰、雪、河水的化学特征 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
1997-09~1997-10间在希峰地区达索普冰川采集的4类水样(表层雪、冰塔冰、冰面河水和河水)的实测资料表明,本区各类水体pH值的大小顺序为:河水>冰面河水>冰塔冰>表层雪.表层雪和冰面河水所测的阴离子中以NO-3为最大,而冰塔冰样品以Cl-最大;阳离子含量基本上以Ca2+为主.SO2-4、Ca2+、Mg2+、电导率和pH值都与所测的阴、阳离子总量有较好的相关关系,随所测的阴、阳离子总量升高而增大.表层雪的电导率、Na+、Cl-、所测的阴、阳离子总量和SO2-4与海拔高度都有较好的相关关系,随着海拔高度上升而上升. 相似文献