UASB反应器中厌氧氨氧化菌脱氮效果及运行条件

通过UASB反应器中接种厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥,处理模拟实验废水,检测其厌氧脱氮效果,并探寻其最佳运行条件。研究表明,UASB反应器中厌氧氨氧化菌具有高效的脱氮效果。厌氧氨氧化菌对NH~+_4-N和NO~-_2-N的适宜浓度负荷均为220 mg/L,水力停留时间适宜为4 h,最适温度为35℃,最佳p H值为8.0,在此条件下,NH~+_4-N,NO~-_2-N和TN的去除率分别可达97%,98.5%及88%。     

磷酸铵镁沉淀法预处理7-ACA综合废水试验研究

采用磷酸铵镁(MAP)沉淀法对高氨氮7-ACA综合废水进行了预处理试验研究,以Na2HPO4和MgCl2.6H2O作为沉淀剂,探讨了初始反应pH值、n(Mg2+):n(PO43-)/:n(NH4+)投配比及反应时间等因素对氨氮去除效果的影响。结合结晶物SEM分析,确定预处理的最佳工艺条件为:初始反应pH 9.0、n(Mg2+):n(PO43-):n(NH4+)投配比1.0:1.1:1和反应时间20 min。平行试验结果表明,在最佳工艺条件下,当进水氨氮浓度为1 020~1 190 mg/L时,处理后出水氨氮浓度为小于150.0 mg/L,氨氮去除率在85.0%以上,残磷量小于40.0 mg/L,为7-ACA综合废水的后续生化处理创造了有利条件。     

阳离子絮凝剂P(AM-DAC)的合成、表征及应用

以丙烯酰胺(AM)和丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DAC)为单体,过硫酸钾(KPS)为引发剂,通过水溶液聚合的方法合成了阳离子絮凝剂P(AM-DAC)。探讨了单体配比、单体浓度、引发剂用量、反应时间、反应温度等因素对阳离子聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)主要性能的影响。实验得出了较佳的反应条件:聚合温度为70℃,引发剂用量为0.16%,单体配比m(AM):m(DAC)=1:8,总单体浓度为20%,反应时间3 h。在上述条件下,所得阳离子聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂的特性黏数为18.692 4 dL/g,在其加入量为0.003%的条件下处理巡司河污水,上层清液透光率达90.7%,污泥脱水率达89.2%。并对该聚合物絮凝剂的结构和热行为进行了表征。     

二碘荧光素-溴化十六烷基三甲基铵检测辛硫磷的分析应用

在pH为6.00的B-R缓冲溶液中,二碘荧光素与一定浓度的溴化十六烷基三甲基铵发生荧光增强反应,加入农药辛硫磷后,体系的荧光强度降低,且降低程度ΔF值与辛硫磷的加入量呈良好的线性关系,建立了用此荧光法来测定辛硫磷残留总量的新方法.在优化实验条件下,线性范围为0.004—0.40 m.gL-1,检出限为0.04 m.gL...     

EDS analysis of Portland ash cement degradation in an aggressive environment

The behaviour of Portland cement with and without 30% fly ash addition in aggressive solutions was studied. This paper considers the sulphate corrosion of the hardened cement paste. The cement paste test samples were prepared, cured in water for 21 day and then exposed to the influence of aggressive environment (10% (NH₄SO₄ solution). The measurements of several properties were carried out and the results were analyzed.

The image of the surface composition and morphology of the cement paste test samples was made by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Concentration gradient of sulphate ions in cement paste depth was obtained by energy‐dispersive analysis (EDS).     

离子色谱-串联质谱法测定4类水质中7种极性有机磷

应用离子色谱-串联质谱法(IC-MS/MS)同时测定了地下水、地表水、生活污水和工业废水等4类水质中的草甘膦、草铵膦、氨甲基膦酸、杀木膦、乙烯利、双甘膦和增甘膦.这7种有机磷极性和水溶性强,用常规气相或液相的方法需要经衍生化后才能测定,且要严格控制前处理条件.该法水样用微孔滤膜和离子净化柱过滤后直接进样,经Ion Pa...     

温度对ANAMMOX生物膜工艺的脱氮影响与菌群结构分析

针对厌氧氨氧化(anaerobic ammonium oxidation,ANAMMOX)工艺常低温运行问题,分别采用无纺布与改性聚氨酯泡沫塑料填料序批式生物膜反应器(sequence batch biofilm reactor,SBBR)处理含氮污水,考察了从35℃降至15℃过程的脱氮效果.结果表明,在进水氮容积负荷...     

生物脱氮除磷新工艺的研究进展

传统的脱氮除磷工艺存在许多不足之处 ,经济、高效、低耗的可持续脱氮除磷工艺已成为污水处理的发展方向。在分析中 ,介绍了运用短程硝化反硝化、厌氧氨氧化、反硝化除磷理论的工艺 :SHARON工艺、CANON工艺、ANAMMOX工艺、SHARON与ANAMMOX联合工艺、DEPHANOX工艺、BCFS○R工艺的机理和研究进展     

Kinetics of ammonium removal with suspended and immobilized nitrifying bacteria in different reactor systems

The degradation of ammonium by free and immobilized bacteria in different reactor systems was investigated. It was found that the start-up of a nitrifying system is enhanced if a reservoir of immobilized bacteria is present. It was also found that in a single stage system with suspended nitrifying bacteria a stable ammonium removal > 95 % could be established up to an influent ammonium concentration of 1000 mg/1 and a volumetric loading rate (VLR) of 2.3 kg NH₄⁺ m⁻³ d⁻¹. The oxygen uptake rate (OUR) due to nitrification processes was greatly enhanced with increasing volumetric loading rates. Using nitrifying bacteria immobilized on Siran material it was demonstrated that the ammonium degradation rate was directly proportional to the initial ammonium concentration.     

以磺酸阳离子交换树脂为原料合成含硫水不溶性杀菌剂

设计了一个新的以磺酸阳离子交换树脂为原料制备含硫水不溶性杀菌剂的合成路线，通过聚苯乙烯磺酸吡啶盐中间体合成磺酰氯树脂，在磺酰氯树脂上固载二乙胺，再用带有叔胺基的树脂与卤代烷作用合在含硫的铵盐型聚合物杀菌剂，使用所研制的水不溶性杀菌剂用量2mg/mL时杀菌率达到90％以上。