7种人工湿地植物根系扩展能力比较研究

以芦苇、美人蕉，香根草、灯心草、旱伞草、香蒲、芦竹7种植物为对象。通过盆载试验，研究它们在水分诱导方式下根系扩展情况。比较它们的根系极限长度，达到极限长度所用的时间、根系形态和密度、病虫害发生情况。结果表明，水分诱导方式是一种效果显著的促进根系快速增长的技术：文章所选用的7种植物中。旱伞草和香根草的分蘖及根系伸展能力最强，并且没有病虫害发生：其次是芦苇、芦竹，芦竹较少发生病虫害，但芦苇病虫害发生频繁：香蒲、美人蕉和灯心草根系生长较为缓慢．伸展较浅。较少发生病虫害。     

Identification of duchenne muscular dystrophy genomic probe P20 constant Taq1 fragment corresponding to the EcoRV and Msp1 polymorphisms

The majority of Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy cases are caused by deletions observable in Southern blots with cDNA probes for the gene. When the deletion includes polymorphic probes, they may be used to determine carrier status by deletion segregation analysis: non-inheritance of parental alleles, or heterozygosity. The polymorphic genomic probe P20 is deleted in a large percentage of probands. P20 hybridizes with two constant fragments of 6.7 and 0.8 kb in Taql digests. In a number of probands, only the larger P20 Taq1 fragment is deleted. This study demonstrates that this fragment corresponds with the polymorphic EcoRV and Mspl fragments of P20. Families in which the upper Taql fragment is deleted may be screened for carrier status using non-inheritance of parental alleles or heterozygosity of P20 in EcoRV or Mspl digests.     

A simple,rapid, and highly informative PCR-based procedure for prenatal diagnosis and carrier screening of phenylketonuria

The polymorphic information content (PIC) and the degree of heterozygosity of several polymorphic systems within the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene were determined in 85 European Caucasian and 19 Chinese phenylketonuria (PKU) kindreds. The first system examined, a short tandem repeat (STR), had a PIC of 80 and 73 per cent in these Caucasian and Chinese samples, respectively. The degree of heterozygosity actually observed for this system was 81 and 64 per cent in the Caucasian and Chinese PKU families, respectively. Through the addition of a second polymorphism based on a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR), the PIC was increased to 90 per cent in Caucasians, but only to 75 per cent in Chinese. The degree of heterozygosity observed for this combination was 94 per cent in European PKU families and 67 per cent in Chinese PKU families. The further addition of an Xmnl RFLP increased both the PIC and the level of heterozygosity in Caucasians to 95 per cent, but did not change either of these measures in Chinese. The combined use of these three polymorphisms significantly increases the informativity of prenatal diagnostic and carrier screening procedures in both Caucasian and Chinese PKU kindreds. Furthermore, since each of these polymorphisms can be studied by PCR-based methods, these new tests can be performed more quickly and easily than previous Southern-based procedures.     

Hierarchy length in orphaned colonies of the ant <Emphasis Type="Italic">Temnothorax nylanderi</Emphasis>

Workers of the ant Temnothorax nylanderi form dominance orders in orphaned colonies in which only one or a few top-ranking workers begin to produce males from unfertilized eggs. Between one and 11 individuals initiated 80% of all aggression in 14 queenless colonies. As predicted from inclusive fitness models (Molet M, van Baalen M, Monnin T, Insectes Soc 52:247–256, 2005), hierarchy length was found to first increase with colony size and then to level off at larger worker numbers. The frequency and skew of aggression decreased with increasing size, indicating that rank orders are less pronounced in larger colonies.     

回转定位脉冲喷吹袋式除尘器滤袋长度可延长性分析

采用物理模型实验,对回转定位喷吹系统的扁圆形滤袋壁面峰值压力分布进行测试,得出该滤袋同一截面压力分布均匀,且其沿滤袋长度方向的壁面峰值压力分布规律也与圆形滤袋相似。在该规律成立条件下,将扁圆形滤袋运用等效面积法转化为圆形滤袋,通过数值模拟方法,设计正交实验得出：滤袋壁面峰值压力随着喷吹压力和喷嘴直径的增大而增大,而随滤袋长度增加无明显变化;并进行单因素实验得出,当滤袋长度增加至10 m,可满足工程设计清灰需要,为滤袋长度的设计提供了重要依据。     

Comparison of Numerical and Experimental Results for the Evaluation of the Depollution Effectiveness of Photocatalytic Coverings in Street Canyons

Towards the aim of improving the air quality in the urban environment via the application of innovative TiO₂ based photocatalytic coverings, a field campaign took place within the frame of the EU PICADA project () to asses the expected depollution efficiency of such materials under realistic conditions. Furthermore, extensive numerical modeling was performed via the application of the RANS CFD code for microscale applications MIMO, in an effort to asses the sensitivity of the developing flow field and the corresponding dispersion mechanism and hence of the depollution efficiency of the PICADA products on a wide range of factors, with most notably the length of the street canyon, the thermal exchange between the heated street canyon walls and the air and the approaching wind direction. For the needs of the PICADA project a new, simple module had to be implemented into MIMO to be able to model the removal of NO_x from a street canyon whose walls have been treated with a photocatalytic product. The model simulations results presented in this paper, show that MIMO is indeed capable of predicting the effectiveness of the photocatalytic products in question. At the same time, they reveal a strong dependence of the developing flow and concentration fields inside the field site street canyon configuration on most of the aforementioned factors with most notably the direction of the approaching wind.

节理化岩体结构面分布密度的确定方法及其应用

目前众多的科研与工程人员都采用岩体结构面统计分析和计算机随机模拟的手段来研究节理化岩体的工程性质,然而许多人忽略了岩体结构面密度具各向异性特征以及野外实际测量条件与理论情况还存在一定的差异,在计算中采用的结构面密度值不尽合理,常常导致分析结论有失偏颇。针对这一情况,充分考虑了结构面“方向校正”和“迹长截尾校正”,并根据野外测线长度进行加权平均,提出了一套较为系统合理的结构面分布密度计算方法,并将其应用于工程实际,取得了较好的结果。