Knowledge hiding as a barrier to thriving: The mediating role of psychological safety and moderating role of organizational cynicism

Research demonstrates that knowledge hiding has a detrimental effect on the knowledge hider himself or herself. Extending this area, the present research examines how and when knowledge hiders struggle to thrive at work. Integrating self‐perception theory and the socially embedded model of thriving, we propose that knowledge hiding negatively influences employees' thriving through psychological safety, and this influence is contingent on organizational cynicism. In Study 1a, a cross‐sectional survey of 214 Chinese participants from a general working population supported the mediating role of psychological safety in the knowledge hiding and thriving relationship. Study 1b verified this result using two‐wave data collected from 392 working adults in a panel that recruited participants mainly in Europe and North America. In addition to confirming the mediation with a two‐wave field survey conducted among 205 employees in three Chinese organizations, Study 2 supported the moderating role of organizational cynicism. Specifically, the negative effect of knowledge hiding on psychological safety was greater under higher levels of organizational cynicism, as was the indirect effect of knowledge hiding on thriving via psychological safety. These findings contribute to both the knowledge hiding and the thriving literature and provide practical implications for both the manager and the employee.     

应急准备知识库系统设计与实现——以演练方案为例

为解决应急准备过程中普遍存在的“知识断档”问题,提出设计与实现应急准备知识库系统的针对性解决方案,并以演练方案编制为例,从应用实践的角度出发,提出具体思路。定义“知识范畴-知识主体-知识点”3级层次架构,提出包含“输入提取、存储、维护更新、知识应用”在内的应急准备知识库系统定位,归纳由“用户、知识内容、使用场景、应用模式”所构成的应急准备知识库“四要素设计法”。其中,针对知识加工输出这一复杂需求,引入以方案模板设计和智能向导制作为核心的设计实现理念。研究结果为应急准备实操人员逐渐摆脱“知识断档”的困境,以及进一步强化应急准备整体能力,提供了一种可行的思路和方法。     

Traditional knowledge and biodiversity conservation: a case study from Byans Valley in Kailash Sacred Landscape,India

Ethnobotanical knowledge plays a significant role in plant diversity conservation and the curing of various ailments in remote rural areas of the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR). A total of 53 plant species from 27 families have been documented from the Byans valley and are used traditionally for the treatment of various diseases. Valley inhabitants have maintained a symbiotic relationship between natural resources and their cultural belief system by developing sacred forests/groves which conserve the region's plant diversity pool. Information on sacred natural sites and traditional beliefs was documented in order to understand the environmental and conservationist implications of these rules and practices. The study provides comprehensive information about eroding traditional knowledge and biodiversity conservation practices. This study could be a pilot to strengthen the conservation practices and sustainable utilization of frequently used bioresources by understanding the traditional knowledge system and conservation ethics of tribal communities in the Himalayan region.     

The relationship between demographic/educational parameters and perceptions,knowledge and earthquake mitigation in Israel

Perceptions, knowledge and mitigation are factors that might play a role in preventing injury and loss of life during a major earthquake.² Little is known about the relationships between different demographic and educational parameters and these factors. A national representative sample of 495 adults was investigated in order to determine the relationship between demographic and educational parameters in terms of the perceived threat, perceived coping, knowledge and mitigation of earthquakes in Israel. Compared to females, males perceived the threat of earthquakes to be lower (t=3.183, p=0.002), manifested higher levels of perceived coping (t=2.55, p=0.011), and had higher levels of earthquake related knowledge (t=2.047, p=0.041). We conclude that there are gender differences in perceptions and knowledge regarding earthquakes.     

Kibale Forest Wild Coffee: Challenges to Market‐Based Conservation in Africa

Abstract: Declining rural security and pressures to reduce public‐sector expenditures in the late 1990s spurred efforts to develop alternative funding models for Uganda's Kibale National Park (KNP). The Wild Coffee Project, established in 1999 with support from the U.S. Agency for International Development, the World Bank, and the Ford Foundation, sought to develop a market for wild coffee that had been harvested traditionally from areas within today's KNP. The Kibale Forest Foundation, a U.S.‐based nonprofit organization, was created to legalize harvests, obtain third‐party wild and organic certification, and coordinate management between KNP, the coffee industry, and local communities. Although the project was successful in legalizing, harvesting, and processing the world's first certified wild and organic coffee, efforts to gain entry into the international marketplace failed. Chief among the lessons learned from this project is that for many wild‐grown products, the value of “the story”—in both human and conservation terms—is likely to far exceed actual product values. This value differential should be captured through high‐value niche markets to avoid low commodity pricing and subsequent pressures to improve financial returns through over harvesting. In addition, local producers should hold significant assets in whatever brands are developed, creating a shared‐equity approach that serves social responsibility goals, fosters project sustainability, and ensures a steady stream of positive stories for use in marketing to build brand value. Shared equity—in this case ownership interest in the intellectual property embodied in the brand—provides a second incentive beyond transactional profits that can only be realized if resource conservation is maintained.     

煤炉使用知识与一氧化碳浓度的相关性研究

为了解居民煤炉使用知识掌握情况,提高居民煤炉使用安全水平,预防及减少居民意外伤害的发生,对北京市平房区100户居民进行入户调查,对比不同性别、年龄、受教育程度的居民煤炉使用知识的掌握情况,并运用线性回归模型分析居民安全知识水平与居室内一氧化碳浓度之间的相关性。结果表明,居民的煤炉使用知识水平普遍不高,年龄和受教育程度对知识掌握情况影响显著,居民在降低室内一氧化碳浓度方面的知识水平对居室内一氧化碳浓度具有显著影响。必须进一步加强煤炉安全知识的宣传,确定重点对象及重点内容,提高北京市居民的煤炉使用知识水平。     

Community participation in international projects: an analytical perspective from the Russian Far East

International projects frequently struggle with the dilemmas of community participation, whether the community in question is the object of a development or aid intervention, or is to be persuaded to cooperate on a conservation project. This paper discusses the challenges facing interventionists and the obstacles and opportunities that local people encounter as they come into contact with exogenous conservation and development projects. The key issues presented can be summarized as legacy, legitimacy, agency and communication. We argue that project planners need to understand the history of past interventions in order to respond appropriately to local expectations. At the same time, the complexity of community leadership and representation complicates the sometimes conflicting agendas of project developers and communities. Much depends on personal relations, individual agency, and initiative. Finally, the physical means of communication—language, print and broadcast media, transport and telecommunications—are important aspects to consider when assessing the limitations to community participation. Although there have been valuable successes in international projects in Russia, as in other regions of the world, a better understanding of community participation is needed to ensure more effective and sustainable means for engaging communities in project development and implementation. This paper explores these questions through a locally-grounded analysis based on the academic research and practitioner experience of the two authors in the remote home of a World Heritage site—the Kamchatka Peninsula, in the Russian Far East.     

基于车辆身份检测数据的车辆出行排放知识图谱研究

为实现个体车辆出行、排放行为的精细表征与挖掘,基于宣城市中心城区全量个体车辆的出行轨迹、技术参数、排放轨迹等多维交通大数据,以表征个体车辆出行过程的排放信息为主线,设计并构建车辆出行排放知识图谱.研究表明：①知识图谱直观地表征了“车辆-道路-出行-排放”信息的时空关联,可实现个体车辆在不同日期、不同时段、不同路段等多尺度出行特征的精细挖掘.以某辆小型客车为例,检索发现周一、周三出行主要连接的小时实体都为7：00、8：00和17：00,周五、非工作日出行连接的小时实体具有明显的随机性;周一、周三出行所连接的道路实体较少且基本一致,在宣水路、昭亭北路、昭亭南路的出行里程之和占比为63%~68%,周五、非工作日出行连接的道路实体则较为分散.②通过出行信息类、排放信息类实体的关联检索,可实现个体车辆出行排放时空特征的精细辨识和溯源分析.示例车辆的检索结果表明：周一车辆的CO日排放量为1.2g,是周六的2.5倍,同时在早高峰时段（7：00）,车辆出行在交通繁忙路段时,伴随低水平车速,排放强度相对较高.     

Native Seed Collection and Use in Arid Land Reclamation: A Low-Tech Approach

Loss of vegetation production in arid lands has been difficult to remediate and has signifi- cant economic impacts on human populations. Restoration efforts based on non-local materials and large-scale mechanization have not been capable of efficiently reversing the trend of environmental degradation. The use of traditional knowledge and simplified methods of seed harvesting, storing, marketing and soil preparation have proven that regeneration of native species and efficient land reclamation is possible in areas that have traditionally been considered degraded beyond redemption. This paper describes a method of land reclamation that combines tradition and simple mechanics that can be applied in all arid areas that face desertification. Because the work builds on cultural practices long used in non-industrialized societies, it is particularly adapted to rural areas. The methods described have the potential to open new low-tech economic opportunities to all segments of local non-urban populations while combating desertification and creating a more ecologically sound environment.     

浅析知识经济时代的高校会计模式

知识经济时代理想的高校会计目标观念应当是决策有用性与管理责任的有机结合,既注重决策有用性,又不轻视管理责任;假设将被系统化、集成化模式所替代.因而,事件驱动模式代替顺序化会计处理程序,事项会计取代价值会计.