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591.
Xiaojie Shi Zhuo Chen Yun Lu Qi Shi Yinhu Wu Hong-Ying Hu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(4):68
592.
Huosheng Li Hongguo Zhang Jianyou Long Ping Zhang Yongheng Chen 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2019,13(4):49
593.
厌氧-好氧一体式折流板反应器处理淀粉废水的启动运行 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用厌氧-好氧一体式折流板反应器,处理马铃薯淀粉废水,以淀粉废水排放口底泥作为接种污泥,可以实现快速启动。启动过程的结果表明:在温度为2 5℃~35℃,总水力停留时间(HRT)为5 4h ,容积负荷从0 .5kg/ (m3 ·d)逐渐升高到3.0 8kg/ (m3 ·d)时,第11d就将反应器启动成功,前3级厌氧反应器总的去除率达到75 % ,厌氧-好氧一体式折流板反应器总的去除率达到96 %。而后逐渐提高容积负荷,当容积负荷为10 .0kg/ (m3 ·d)时,COD去除率最高为96 % ,出水水质达到或接近国家污水排放二级标准(GB 8978- 96 )。 相似文献
594.
Jens Folke 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(3):201-224
A system of environmental impact assessment of industrial effluents is presented and discussed. Environmental assessment consists of three phases, hazard assessment, risk determination, and societary evaluation. It is regarded an integrated study of natural sciences, i.e. ecochemicology (chemical fate), ecotoxicology (toxical effects), and ecoepidemiology (biological damages); and social sciences, e.g. geography, sociology, and economy. And the outcome should be the basis of political decision making. Hazard assessment may be divided into a subphase of hazard identification from a base set of scientific information on the industrial effluent, and a second subphase of hazard analysis at a more elevated level of scientific information akin to the procedures suggested elsewhere for single chemicals. Methods of hazard assessment are laboratory experiments, e.g. chemical analysis, degradation and bioaccumulation studies, acute and chronic toxicity assessments, physical modelling, etc. Risk determination may then be conducted by extrapolation of the obtained results from laboratory to field, i.e. by risk estimation to the receiving waters, using methods of hydraulic modelling, biological surveillance, etc. Risk‐benefit evaluation is conducted in the society evaluation phase by balancing environmental consequences against the society value of the production. The outcome is determined by the interaction between hazard‐makers (industry), risk‐takers (administrators), guardians (regulators), and assessors (scientists) in risk management, the crank of environmental assessment. 相似文献
595.
An interdisciplinary strategy is outlined for characterizing the disposition of bioactive (toxic, teratogenic, mutagenic, and/or carcinogenic) materials in coal‐derived hydrocarbon liquids during upgrading processing. Engineering input is required to select representative PDU and pilot‐scale samples and appropriate processing schemes and conditions for upgrading experiments to ensure reliable extrapolation of results to demonstration and commercial scale. Biology expertise is required to perform and interpret short‐term in vitro cellular assays and whole‐animal toxicity and carcinogenesis testing on raw and upgraded samples. Chemical separation and identification of active classes and components in the samples aid in interpreting bioactivity results and in quantifying effects of various upgrading processes and conditions. The end result will be a data base for reliably assessing and addressing potential occupational and environmental safety and health concerns associated with upgraded coal‐derived liquids. An example of the value of this interdisciplinary approach is given by work performed on generically representative raw and hydrotreated SRC‐II gas oil samples. Biological and chemical characterization indicates significant loss of bioactivity during hydrotreatment, with one postulated mechanism being removal of primary amine groups from multi‐ring aromatic compounds. 相似文献
596.
Increasing demand for water in domestic, agricultural, and industrial sectors necessitates exploitation of water either in the form of groundwater or from natural resources. To safeguard the long-term sustainability of water resources and their utilization, the quality of water has to be periodically monitored and determined for various characteristics, especially when the sources are polluted, such as Damodar river. Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research (CIMFR), Dhanbad, is carrying out research work on coal and its utilization and associated environmental concerns. The blood stream of life for the whole Jharia Coalfield is none other than the river Damodar. CIMFR's campus also depends exclusively on river Damodar for meeting its demand of drinking water. This study is a general survey toward the characteristics of Damodar river water, with special emphasis on the pollutant parameters, and evaluation of the treatment process being carried out at the institute for potability. Damodar river water is indeed affected by the disposal of the wastes without any pre-treatment by different coal-based industries established in its basin. The quantity of dissolved and suspended solids, total hardness, chemical oxygen demand, and coliform bacterial count are higher in Damodar water due to the disposal of the waste/effluents from coal-washing plants, coke ovens, cement, and other industries, but well within the permissible limit which is probably attributable to the high-carrying capacity of the river. The river is still not that much affected as it is usually apprehended, and it can be well utilized for potable and domestic purposes after simple treatment. 相似文献
597.
The ability to achieve urban sustainability has become an indication of the competence of a municipal government aiming to gain world class status for the city. While both Guangzhou and Hong Kong are Chinese cities having their own formulation of urban sustainability, the implementation details and the actual sustainability blueprints are very different. As a result, the outcomes and prospects for urban sustainability are also different. Hong Kong has adopted a less integrative and more institutionally-oriented approach for urban sustainability. Guangzhou has used the conventional approach to formulate an integrated sustainability programme for its local Agenda 21. Hong Kong's action plan emphasizes improving coordination, making objective assessments and achieving consistency in policy-making. Guangzhou, on the other hand, emphasizes the meeting of concrete environmental targets. Unfortunately, the new institutional arrangement and monitoring tools adopted by Hong Kong have not been able to achieve the original intent and neither is there the intention to go too far beyond the weak sustainability approach. On the contrary, Guangzhou has planned and attempted to incorporate industrial ecology in its development regime while heavily investing into pollution control programmes and pushing forward a green community programme at the grass-roots level. 相似文献
598.
Pan Gao Yuan Song Shaoning Wang Claude Descorme Shaoxia Yang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2018,12(1):8
599.
区域循环工业发展评价指标体系的构建及应用 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
依据循环工业基本原理及Delphi方法,构建了包括资源利用效率、污染减量排放、资源循环利用、经济效益和科技水平在内的区域循环工业发展评价指标体系,并通过运用AHP(层次分析法)模型,测算了指标权重。据此,以南京市为例,评价了1996~2003年间南京市循环工业发展的状况,结果表明,自1996年以来,南京市循环工业发展水平不断提高,但是自2000年以来,在南京市工业经济效益不断增长的同时,资源利用效率、污染减量排放、资源循环利用、科技水平等指标增长缓慢,乃至出现波动性下降的状况,为此文章提出了相关政策建议。 相似文献
600.
J. A. González-Pérez J. R. de Andrés L. Clemente J. A. Martín F. J. González-Vila 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2008,6(1):41-46
Here we show that heavy metal geoaccumulation is apparent in the Tinto and Odiel estuary and, at a lower magnitude, in off-shore
sediments. Values above probable effects level (PEL) are recorded for As, Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn in the Tinto and Odiel estuary,
for As and Hg in the associated off-shore sediments and for As in the Guadiana River. Significant correlations were found
between total organic carbon (TOC) and Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn in the Tinto and Odiel estuary, and Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Hg and As in
the Guadiana River. PCA analysis differentiated the three studied locations. 相似文献