Revisiting the national corporate social responsibility index

This paper relies on Gjølberg’s national corporate social responsibility (CSR) index while its purpose is twofold. First, it seeks to extend the methodological instrument for assessing national CSR and, second, it applies the new approach to a much larger pool of countries (n = 86) in an attempt to provide a global CSR outlook. The emergent picture from the study is one of deficient CSR penetration and wide variation among countries where most of the assessed countries are still lagging in the endorsement of international CSR initiatives and schemes. Findings offer fertile ground to theorists and researchers for a deeper investigation of the national specificity of CSR and to further identify institutional determinants that shape the social responsiveness and self-regulation of business entities. The study has also implications for managers and top executives to consider as it infers that the national background can be influential in the development of a CSR agenda and can condition the level of CSR penetration.     

不同锆负载量锆改性膨润土对水中磷酸盐吸附作用的对比

通过实验对比考察了不同锆负载量的锆改性膨润土对水中磷酸盐的吸附作用.结果表明,锆改性膨润土对水中磷酸盐的吸附动力学过程符合准二级动力学模型,整个过程可以分为快速吸附阶段、缓慢吸附阶段和平衡吸附阶段,其中缓慢吸附阶段的吸附速率受膜扩散和颗粒内扩散所控制.锆改性膨润土对水中磷酸盐的吸附等温实验数据可以采用Langmuir、Freundlich、Sips和Dubinin-Radushkevich等温吸附模型进行拟合.实验条件下,磷酸盐吸附性能随pH增加而降低.溶液共存的Na~+、K~+和Ca~(2+)促进了锆改性膨润土对磷酸盐的吸附,并且Ca~(2+)的促进作用远远大于Na~+和K+,而溶液共存的HCO-3和SO2-4一定程度上抑制了锆改性膨润土对磷酸盐的吸附.锆改性膨润土吸附水中磷酸盐的主要机制为配位体交换并形成内层磷酸盐配合物.锆改性膨润土对水中磷酸盐的吸附能力随着锆负载量的增加而增加,而锆改性膨润土中单位质量ZrO_2对水中磷酸盐的吸附量则随着锆负载量的增加而降低.当ZrO_2负载量由3.61%增加到13.15%时锆改性膨润土的最大单层单位吸附量(以P计)显著地由3.83 mg·g~(-1)增加到9.03 mg·g~(-1),而继续增加ZrO_2负载量至19.63%时锆改性膨润土的最大单层单位吸附量则缓慢地提高到9.66 mg·g~(-1)(以P计).当ZrO_2负载量由3.61%逐渐增加到19.63%时,锆改性膨润土中单位质量ZrO_2的磷酸盐最大吸附量[m(P)/m(ZrO_2)]由106 mg·g~(-1)逐渐下降到49.2 mg·g~(-1).综合考虑吸附剂的经济成本和吸附容量,ZrO_2负载量为13.15%锆改性膨润土更为适合作为吸附剂去除水中磷酸盐.     

数显型电热板加热法在河流高锰酸盐指数应急监测中的应用研究

高锰酸盐指数常被作为地表水体受有机污染物和还原性无机物质污染程度的综合指标.采用数显型电热板加热法测定水中高锰酸盐指数,通过实验确定了加热时间和加热温度.并分别采用水浴法和电热板加热法对应急样品进行了高锰酸盐指数的测定,两种测定方法的比对研究结果表明,应急监测时采用数显型电热板加热法测定耗时更短,检测结果与国标法测定没有显著差异,是可行且有效的应急监测替代方法.     

太湖流域某市农村生活污水处理工艺的比较研究

农村生活污水处理是中国“十二五”期间农村环境保护工作的重要内容。对太湖流域某市近年来所采用的5种农村生活污水处理工艺的原理进行了分析,对其运行状况进行了长达一年的跟踪监测,就其投资、建设与运行成本和处理效果进行了比较和总结。其中工艺三处理效果最好,但是投资和运行维护费用也相对最高,工艺四虽然具有投资和运行维护方面的优势,但是处理效果较差,工艺一和工艺二具有投资相对较低,运行维护相对简单,处理效果能够满足要求,是比较适合的农村生活污水处理选择。     

浅议轮胎企业有机废气排放因子

介绍了AP-42、GB27632—2011中轮胎企业有机废气污染物情况,并与轮胎企业有机废气污染物实测数据进行比较分析,探讨了有机废气的排放因子。结果表明轮胎企业有机废气主要来自于炼胶、硫化工序,排放主要污染物为颗粒物、二甲苯、非甲烷总烃和二硫化碳,排放因子可参照AP-42确定。     

烟气排放连续监测系统比对监测中存在问题探讨研究

随着工业化、城镇化进程加快和消费结构的持续升级,能源需求刚性增长、国内资源保障能力受限、环境容量受到制约,"十二五"时期的节能减排工作显得尤为紧迫、艰巨和重要。污染源自动监测数据作为节能减排监测体系中计算排污企业主要污染物排放量和确定达标排放的重要依据,是环境保护主管部门进行总量考核、监督执法、排污申报核定等工作的数据基础。用传统的国家标准方法对固定污染源烟气排放连续监测系统进行比对测试时,会受到水分、一氧化碳、硫化氢、监测点位以及分析方法的影响,对比对测试结果会造成一定影响;通过分析比对监测过程中的影响原因,针对相应的影响因素给出了相应的对策措施,提高了自动监测数据的准确性和有效性。     

不同排水体制比较研究的发展与展望

合理地选择排水体制,是城市和工业企业排水系统规划和设计的重要问题.环境保护应是选择排水体制时所考虑的主要问题.排水体制的选择问题一直是学界和业界争论的热点问题之一.对不同排水体制的比较研究,有助于人们了解不同排水体制的优劣,从而选择最合适的排水体制.回顾国内外已有的对不同排水体制的比较研究,可以为以后的研究提供指导和参考.     

转炉煤气净化回收技术发展现状

介绍了氧气转炉煤气的干法和湿法净化回收技术的发展现状,着重二者的技术经济比较,阐述干法(LT法)的发展优势.     

A critical overview of driver recording tools

Introduction: Technological advancements during recent decades have led to the development of a wide array of tools and methods in order to record driving behavior and measure various aspects of driving performance. The aim of the present study is to present and comparatively assess the various driver recording tools that researchers have at their disposal. Method: In order to achieve this aim, a multitude of published studies from the international literature have been examined based on the driver recording methodologies that have been implemented. An examination of more traditional survey methods (questionnaires, police reports, and direct observer methods) is initially conducted, followed by investigating issues pertinent to the use of driving simulators. Afterwards, an extensive section is provided for naturalistic driving data tools, including the utilization of on-board diagnostics (OBD) and in-vehicle data recorders (IVDRs). Lastly, in-depth incident analysis and the exploitation of smartphone data are discussed. Results: A critical synthesis of the results is conducted, providing the advantages and disadvantages of utilizing each tool and including additional knowledge regarding ease of experimental implementation, data handling issues, impacts on subsequent analyses, as well as the respective cost parameters. Conclusions: New technologies provide undeniably powerful tools that allow for seamless data handling, storage, and analysis, such as smartphones and in-vehicle data recorders. However, this sometimes comes at considerable costs (which may or may not pay off at a later stage), while legacy driver recording methods still have their own niches to fill in research. Practical Applications: The present research supports researchers when designing driver behavior monitoring studies. The present work enables better scheduling and pacing of research activities, but can also provide insights for the distribution of research funds.     

探究土壤中萘提取液的浓缩方法比较

随着科学技术的发展,工业产品越来越丰富。工业工艺过程、缺氧燃烧、垃圾焚烧和填埋等生产活动,产生了大量的多环芳烃物质。这些物质通过复杂的物理迁移、化学及生物转化反应,进入土壤,严重污染环境,给人类及其生物的安全带来严重危害。如何快速、准确检测土壤中多环芳烃的含量,成为治理污染等相应策略实施的首要条件。当前测定土壤中多环芳烃的前处理方法有加压流体萃取、索式萃取、超声波萃取、微波萃取等。在这些成熟萃取手段中,浓缩又是一个关键步骤。目前浓缩的手段有KD浓缩、氮吹浓缩、旋转蒸发浓缩、旋转与氮吹合用浓缩。本文对四种浓缩手段对多环芳烃中的萘提取液进行浓缩分析比较,并获得了一定结论,望给行业内提供有效的参考意见。