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排序方式: 共有308条查询结果,搜索用时 281 毫秒
301.
综述了几种常用的填埋场渗漏检测方法,指出电学法已成为填埋场不同运行阶段(施工期和运营期)渗漏检测的主流方法。分析了各阶段电学检测方法的适用条件和优缺点,在防渗膜铺设阶段,常利用双电极法或电极-偶极子法进行施工完整性检测;在填埋场运营期间,根据场地实际情况可以选择电极格栅法、基于物联网的监测预警云平台、阵列式偶极子法或高密度电法进行膜渗漏检测及长期监测。 相似文献
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A steady state redox zone approach for modeling the transport and degradation of xenobiotic organic compounds from a landfill site 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A redox zonation approach is used as a framework for obtaining biodegradation rate constants of xenobiotic compounds in a landfill plume (Grindsted, Denmark). The aquifer is physically heterogeneous in terms of a complex zonation of different geological units close to the landfill and biogeochemically heterogeneous in terms of a specified redox zonation. First-order degradation rates of six organic compounds (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m/p-xylene, and naphthalene) were calculated in the methanogenic/sulfate- and Fe-reducing zones. The numerical simulations show that all compounds are anaerobically biodegraded, but at very different rates. High rates of biodegradation of most of the compounds (except benzene) were found in the Fe-reducing zone. These rates generally agree with previously published rates. Only o-xylene and toluene were significantly biodegraded in the methanogenic/sulfate-reducing environment. All rates in this redox zone are generally much lower than previously published rates. 相似文献
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垃圾渗滤液中的氨氮对微生物活性的抑制作用 总被引:69,自引:1,他引:69
研究了合成废水和垃圾滤渗滤中氨氮对活性污泥微生物活性的抑制作用。当合成废水的氨氮浓度从50mg/L依次成倍递增至800mg/L时,脱氢酶活性由11.04μgTF/mgMLSS下降至4.22,此时COD的去除率相应由95.1%降低到79.1%。 相似文献
307.
多元线性回归pH滴定同时测定垃圾渗滤液中重金属浓度 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
垃圾渗滤液中的高浓度重金属离子严重抑止了废水生化处理过程中微生物的生长与代谢。通过建立多元线性回归模型,结合pH络合滴定方法,实现了同时测定垃圾渗滤液中络合稳定常数极为接近的多种重金属离子浓度。该方法操作简便,准确可靠,适用于大批量相同组成试样的分析。 相似文献
308.
Due to the lack of appropriate policies in the last decades, 60% of Brazilian cities still dump their waste in non-regulated landfills (the remaining ones dump their trash in regulated landfills), which represent a serious environmental and social problem. The key objective of this study is to compare, from a techno-economic and environmental point of view, different alternatives to the energy recovery from the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generated in Brazilian cities. The environmental analysis was carried out using current data collected in Betim, a 450,000 inhabitants city that currently produces 200 tonnes of MSW/day. Four scenarios were designed, whose environmental behaviour were studied applying the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology, in accordance with the ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 standards. The results show the landfill systems as the worst waste management option and that a significant environmental savings is achieved when a wasted energy recovery is done. The best option, which presented the best performance based on considered indicators, is the direct combustion of waste as fuel for electricity generation. The study also includes a techno-economical evaluation of the options, using a developed computer simulation tool. The economic indicators of an MSW energy recovery project were calculated. The selected methodology allows to calculate the energy content of the MSW and the CH4 generated by the landfill, the costs and incomes associated with the energy recovery, the sales of electricity and carbon credits from the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). The studies were based on urban centres of 100,000, 500,000 and 1,000,000 inhabitants, using the MSW characteristics of the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte. Two alternatives to recovering waste energy were analyzed: a landfill that used landfill biogas to generate electricity through generator modules and a Waste-to-Energy (WtE) facility also with electricity generation. The results show that power generation projects using landfill biogas in Brazil strongly depend on the existence of a market for emissions reduction credits. The WtE plant projects, due to its high installation, Operation and Maintenance (O&M) costs, are highly dependent on MSW treatment fees. And they still rely on an increase of three times the city taxes to become attractive. 相似文献