全文获取类型
收费全文 | 85篇 |
免费 | 2篇 |
国内免费 | 14篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 14篇 |
环保管理 | 12篇 |
综合类 | 37篇 |
基础理论 | 12篇 |
污染及防治 | 14篇 |
评价与监测 | 11篇 |
社会与环境 | 1篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 5篇 |
2021年 | 3篇 |
2020年 | 8篇 |
2019年 | 3篇 |
2018年 | 1篇 |
2016年 | 4篇 |
2015年 | 3篇 |
2014年 | 2篇 |
2013年 | 4篇 |
2012年 | 3篇 |
2011年 | 10篇 |
2010年 | 4篇 |
2009年 | 7篇 |
2008年 | 6篇 |
2007年 | 5篇 |
2006年 | 4篇 |
2005年 | 6篇 |
2004年 | 1篇 |
2003年 | 4篇 |
2002年 | 2篇 |
2001年 | 2篇 |
2000年 | 2篇 |
1999年 | 1篇 |
1998年 | 2篇 |
1997年 | 2篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有101条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Visibility impairing aerosols in the urban atmosphere of Delhi 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Singh T Khillare PS Shridhar V Agarwal T 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2008,141(1-3):67-77
To study the visual air quality of Delhi, size fractionated aerosols – coarse and fine fractions of PM10 – were collected and analysed for and EC at three sites with different background activities. The analysed species constitute a smaller portion of coarse fraction
(39%) but a larger portion of fine fraction (69%). The sampling was performed from June 2003 to November 2003 which covers
monsoon and post monsoon seasons.Aerosol data was used to describe the spatial variation of Visibility Range as a function
of chemical composition of visibility impairing aerosols. During the study period, visibility was found to be poor varying
between 4.7 and 13 km with an average value of 9.4 km. It is observed that visibility impairment was more due to carbonaceous
aerosol followed by sulphate. 相似文献
92.
Modelling of light pollution in suburban areas using remotely sensed imagery and GIS 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
This paper describes a methodology for modelling light pollution using geographical information systems (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) technology. The proposed approach attempts to address the issue of environmental assessment in sensitive suburban areas. The modern way of life in developing countries is conductive to environmental degradation in urban and suburban areas. One specific parameter for this degradation is light pollution due to intense artificial night lighting. This paper aims to assess this parameter for the Athens metropolitan area, using modern analytical and data capturing technologies. For this purpose, night-time satellite images and analogue maps have been used in order to create the spatial database of the GIS for the study area. Using GIS advanced analytical functionality, visibility analysis was implemented. The outputs for this analysis are a series of maps reflecting direct and indirect light pollution around the city of Athens. Direct light pollution corresponds to optical contact with artificial night light sources, while indirect light pollution corresponds to optical contact with the sky glow above the city. Additionally, the assessment of light pollution in different periods allows for dynamic evaluation of the phenomenon. The case study demonstrates high levels of light pollution in Athens suburban areas and its increase over the last decade. 相似文献
93.
Methodologies are presented for dating releases of light nonaqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs) using an inverse modeling approach with simple analytical models. Models for LNAPL plume migration are presented to predict LNAPL plume velocity in the unsaturated and saturated zones as a function of basic soil and fluid properties. A relative mobility factor is introduced for LNAPL movement at the water table that depends primarily on the van Genuchten n parameter (related to the breadth of the soil pore size distribution) and the magnitude of water table fluctuations. Estimated LNAPL plume velocities compare reasonably with more rigorous numerical models, which may be used in cases where data availability warrant the greater effort entailed.Two methods of estimating release timing and its uncertainty are investigated. A direct estimation method is described that determines travel time for a single observed travel distance based on estimated soil and fluid properties. Release date uncertainty may be determined using the first order (FO) or Monte Carlo (MC) methods. The second method for estimating release date involves nonlinear parameter estimation utilizing distance vs. time measurements and other data.A case study is presented for a field site where independent estimates of release timing were obtained from a numerical modeling analysis. Release timing estimates based on direct inversion of the analytical timing model agree well with the numerical analysis. Results for a second field site indicate that release date confidence limits estimated by the FO method, assuming log-normally distributed travel times, are close to values determined by the MC method, which makes no assumption regarding the form of the travel time probability distribution.Results for a hypothetical problem indicate that LNAPL velocity and travel time may be accurately estimated if sufficient data on travel distance vs. time are available. Incorporating prior information on relevant soil and fluid properties into the objective function reduces the uncertainty in release date if prior estimates are accurate. However, biased prior estimates may lead to over- or underestimation of release date uncertainty. Simultaneous estimation of soil and fluid properties and release date is possible if prior information is available to condition the parameter estimates. 相似文献
94.
多波段激光防护塑料的研制 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文以PMMA为基质制备了多波段激光防护塑料样品,对其性能进行了测试,该样品对YAG激光有很好的防护作用,达到实用要求。 相似文献
95.
Hongjuan Han Yonggen Chen Sven Erik Jørgensen Søren Nors Nielsen Weiping Hu 《Ecological modelling》2009
A system-dynamic model has been built to evaluate the competition between submerged macrophytes Potamogeton malaianus Miq. (PM) and filamentous green algae Spirogyra sp. (SP). The data background is based on a spring–summer and an autumn–winter experiment carried out in artificial field ponds. The experiments had the aim to acquire a knowledge base necessary to a successful restoration of submerged macrophyte vegetation in Lake Taihu, China by use of P. malaianus Miq. The model mainly focuses on variations in water volume; biomass dynamics of P. malaianus Miq., Spirogyra sp. and zoobenthos; nutrients cycling between water column, P. malaianus Miq., Spirogyra sp., zoobenthos, detritus and sediment. Sixteen state variables are included in the model: biomass of P. malaianus Miq., Spirogyra sp. and zoobenthos; nitrogen in sediments, detritus, in P. malaianus Miq., in Spirogyra sp. and zoobenthos; total dissolved nitrogen; phosphorus in sediments, detritus, in P. malaianus Miq., in Spirogyra sp. and in zoobenthos; total dissolved phosphorus, and water volume of the experiment pond. The calibration and validation of the model show a good accordance with the results of the spring–summer experiment and the autumn–winter experiment. 相似文献
96.
The effect of bridge shading on estuarine marsh food webs was assessed by comparing benthic invertebrate communities beneath seven highway bridges with marshes outside of bridge-affected areas (reference marshes). We used light attenuation and height–width ratio (HW ratio), which takes into account the two main bridge characteristics that determine the degree of shading, to quantify the impact of shading on invertebrate communities. Low bridges, with HW ratio <0.7 and light attenuation greater than 85–90%, had benthic invertebrate densities and diversity that were significantly lower than reference marshes. Density of benthic invertebrates at low bridges was 25–52% (29,685–72,920 organisms/m2) of densities measured in adjacent reference marshes (119,329–173,351 organisms/m2). Likewise, there were fewer taxa under low bridges (5.8/11.35 cm2 core) as compared to the reference marshes (9.0/11.35 cm2 core). Density of numerically dominant taxa (e.g., oligochaetes and nematodes) as well as surface- and subsurface deposit feeders also were reduced under low bridges. Decreased invertebrate density, diversity, dominant taxa, and alterations of trophic feeding groups beneath low bridges was correlated with diminished above- and below-ground macrophyte biomass that presumably resulted in fewer food resources and available refuges from predators. With a greater knowledge of bridge shading effects, bridge construction and design may be improved to reduce the impacts on estuarine benthic invertebrate communities and overall ecosystem structure and function. 相似文献
97.
Yujing Mu Xuran Li Chenglong Zhang Weimin Zhuo Yuxuan Zhuo Jincheng Yang Min Song 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,120(10):135-143
Carbonaceous aerosols (CA) are crucial components in the atmospheric PM2.5 and derived from diverse sources. One of the major sources for CA is from the incomplete combustion of bituminous coal that has been prevailingly used by household stoves in rural areas for heating during winter. To efficiently eliminate the CA emission, a new household stove (NHS) was developed based on a novel combustion technology and CA emissions from the NHS and a traditional household stove (THS) were comparably investigated under the actual stove operation conditions in a farmer's house. Compared with the THS, the emission factors of organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) from the NHS were reduced by 96%±1%, 98%±1%, and 91%±1% under the flaming process and 95%±1%, 96%±2%, and 83%±4% under the smoldering process, respectively. Additionally, the mass absorption efficiency of WSOC from the NHS reduced by 3 folds and the radiative forcing by WSOC relative to EC shrank remarkably by a factor of 3-8. Based on the reduction of emissions and light absorption of WSOC, the promotion of the NHS offers a possible solution to achieve the clean combustion of residential solid fuel. 相似文献
98.
99.
Summer time haze characteristics of the urban atmosphere of Gwangju and the rural atmosphere of Anmyon, Korea 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
An extensive visibility monitoring was carried out simultaneously in the urban area of Gwangju and the rural area of Anmyon,
Korea. This study examines patterns of visibility impairment and haze-forming pollutant concentrations on both sites resulting
from natural and anthropogenic sources of gases and particles. Optical visibility measurements by a transmissometer, a nephelometer
and an aethalometer provide aerosol light extinction, scattering, and absorption coefficients for both sites. In order to
investigate the physico-chemical characteristics of atmospheric aerosols, aerosol samples were collected by various aerosol
samplers at GJVMS (Gwangju Visibility Monitoring Station) and at KGAWO (Korea Global Atmosphere Watch Observatory), respectively.
In addition, haze characteristics causing visibility impairment at those two sites were analyzed to obtain source contributions
by regionally transported aerosols using grid analysis and display system (GrADS) from NECP reanalysis data. During the intensive
monitoring period, ammonium sulfate was dominantly responsible for the fine particle mass loading at GJVMS, whereas organic
carbon was the largest contributor at KGAWO. Light scattering by particles accounted for 52.8 to 81.3% of the range at the
urban site, GJVMS and for 72.1 to 94.2% of the range at the rural site, KGAWO. Light absorption by the EC and NO2 was between 14.5 and 34.8% at GJVMS, which was higher than the observed 1.1 ∼ 6.8% at KGAWO, respectively. Light scattering
by aerosol was higher in the rural area than in the urban area. And organic carbon concentration was observed to be significantly
higher than the concentration of elemental carbon at KGAWO. These haze-forming carbonaceous particles originate from anthropogenic
pollutants at the urban atmosphere but they can be produced by natural environments such as marine and forest at the rural
atmosphere. 相似文献
100.
Wenyu Zhang Weigang Wang Jie Li Shuangliang M Chaofan Lian Kun Li Bo Shi Mingyuan Liu Yanyu Li QingQing Wang Yele Sun Shengrui Tong Maofa Ge 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(4):53-63
A distinctive kind of organic carbon aerosol that could absorb ultraviolet-visible radiation is called brown carbon (BrC), which has an important positive influence on radiative budget and climate change. In this work, we reported the absorption properties and potential source of BrC based on a seven-wavelength aethalometer in the winter of 2018–2019 at an urban site of Sanmenxia in Fenwei Plain in central China. Specifically, the mean value of BrC absorption coefficient was 59.6 ± 36.0 Mm?1 at 370 nm and contributed 37.7% to total absorption, which made a significant impact on visibility and regional environment. Absorption coefficients of BrC showed double-peak pattern, and BrC had shown small fluctuations under haze days compared with clean days. As for the sources of BrC, BrC absorption coefficients expressed strong correlations with element carbon aerosols and primary organic carbon aerosols, indicating that most of BrC originated from primary emissions. The linear correlations between trace metal elements (K, As, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Pb) and BrC absorption coefficients further referred that the major sources of BrC were primary emissions, like coal burning, biomass burning, and vehicle emissions. The moderate relationship between BrC absorption coefficients and secondary organic aerosols suggested that secondary production of BrC also played an important role. The 120 hr backward air mass trajectories analysis and concentration-weighted trajectories analysis were also used to investigate potential sources of BrC in and around this area, which inferred most parts of BrC were derived from local emissions. 相似文献