MBR处理抗生素废水实验研究

以沈阳某制药厂为例,以制药厂废水处理工程UASB出水为原水,开展了MBR处理抗生素废水小试实验,对CODcr去除效果、氨氮去除效果以及膜的清洗与再生进行了研究。研究表明：当进水CODcr负荷小于7kg/m·3d时,出水CODcr在40mg/L以下,出水氨氮在40mg/L以下,处理效果良好;采用5%NaOH以及0.5%NaClO溶液作为化学清洗药剂时,清洗效果较好。     

膜生物反应器脱氮效能的实验研究

介绍了在实验室中采用膜生物反应器与A/O法结合处理生活污水的运行情况,研究膜生物反应器脱氮效能,借以为后续的研究及应用提供参考。     

库水位下降和降雨影响下李家湾滑坡的稳定性计算

采用包辛涅斯克(Boussinesq)非稳定渗流微分方程,以巴东李家湾滑坡为例,求解库水位不同降速、不同降雨强度和降雨历时工况下地下水浸润线的位置,并采用传递系数法对各种工况下滑坡的稳定性进行计算,结果表明:在无降雨条件下,滑坡的稳定性随着库水位下降速度的增大逐渐变差;在有降雨条件下,随着降雨强度的增大、降雨持续时间的增长,滑坡的稳定性逐渐变差,尤其是遇到特大暴雨天气或降雨持续3 d以上,有可能发生整体失稳。     

模糊综合评判法在隧道地质超前预报中的应用

为了更准确地进行隧道地质超前预报,在构建了隧道围岩稳定性等级划分综合评估体系的基础上,采用模糊综合评判法对沪蓉西扁担垭隧道某塌方段围岩稳定性进行了综合评估研究,并得出了修正后的扁担垭隧道围岩稳定性评价体系,其评估结果与实际情况一致。     

电子产品环境应力筛选温度稳定性测试研究

以GJB 150,GJB 1032中温度稳定测试方法为基础,通过对比温度稳定时间在不同标准中的要求与不同的测试方法,把GJB 1032中的温度稳定的测试方法及分析方法应用于实际电子产品,采用非接触式测量和接触式测量获得了产品的温场分布及产品在环境应力筛选时的温度稳定时间。     

正渗透膜分离技术及其在水处理中的应用与研究

渗透是一种仅依靠渗透压驱动的分离过程,基于渗透现象发展起来的正渗透膜分离技术,目前在国际上得到了广泛的研究。文章综述了正渗透膜分离过程的基本原理、影响因素以及国际上的应用研究现状,并展望了未来该领域的研究方向。     

高磷赤铁矿选矿酸性废水处理的试验研究

文章采用自主开发的原位生成型动态膜反应器对高磷赤铁矿选矿酸性废水处理进行了实验研究。实验研究结果表明:选矿酸性废水除磷效果与脱磷剂的投加量、速度梯度(G值)、反应时间及pH等因素有关。对于pH2.25~2.56、含磷50mg/L的模拟选矿废水,最佳反应时间1h,速度梯度(G值)63.6,脱磷剂最佳投加量为11.25g/L,废水脱磷率92.47%。选矿酸性废水处理后出水pH升高,不利于实现废酸全部回用。     

Integration of biological method and membrane technology in treating palm oil mill e uent

Palm oil industry is the most important agro-industry in Malaysia, but its by-product–palm oil mill e uent (POME), posed a great threat to water environment. In the past decades, several treatment and disposal methods have been proposed and investigated to solve this problem. A two-stage pilot-scale plant was designed and constructed for POME treatment. Anaerobic digestion and aerobic biodegradation constituted the first biological stage, while ultrafiltration (UF) and reverse osmosis (RO) membrane units were combined as the second membrane separation stage. In the anaerobic expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor, about 43% organic matter in POME was converted into biogas, and COD reduction e ciency reached 93% and 22% in EGSB and the following aerobic reactor, respectively.With the treatment in the first biological stage, suspended solids and oil also decreased to a low degree. All these alleviated the membrane fouling and prolonged the membrane life. In the membrane process unit, almost all the suspended solids were captured by UF membranes, while RO membrane excluded most of the dissolved solids or inorganic salts from RO permeate. After the whole treatment processes, organic matter in POME expressed by BOD and COD was removed almost thoroughly. Suspended solids and color were not detectable in RO permeate any more, and mineral elements only existed in trace amount (except for K and Na). The high-quality e uent was crystal clear and could be used as the boiler feed water.     

Emergency membrane contactor based absorption system for ammonia leaks in water treatment plants

Because of the suspected health risks of trihalomethanes (THMs), more and more water treatment plants have replaced traditionalchlorine disinfection process with chloramines but often without the proper absorption system installed in the case of ammonia leaksin the storage room. A pilot plant membrane absorption system was developed and installed in a water treatment plant for this purpose.Experimentally determined contact angle, surface tension, and corrosion tests indicated that the sulfuric acid was the proper choice as the absorbent for leaking ammonia using polypropylene hollow fiber membrane contactor. Effects of several operating conditionson the mass transfer coefficient, ammonia absorption, and removal efficiency were examined, including the liquid concentration,liquid velocity, and feed gas concentration. Under the operation conditions investigated, the gas absorption efficiency over 99.9%was achieved. This indicated that the designed pilot plant membrane absorption system was effective to absorb the leaking ammonia in the model storage room. The removal rate of the ammonia in the model storage room was also experimentally and theoretically foundto be primarily determined by the ammonia suction flow rate from the ammonia storage room to the membrane contactor. The ammoniaremoval rate of 99.9% was expected to be achieved within 1.3 h at the ammonia gas flow rate of 500 m3/h. The success of the pilot plantmembrane absorption system developed in this study illustrated the potential of this technology for ammonia leaks in water treatmentplant, also paved the way towards a larger scale application.     

膜生物反应器中膜组件性能的对比研究

膜生物反应器中不同膜组件对废水的处理效果不同。论文主要对膜生物反应器中分别产自日本和德国的聚乙烯中空纤维膜膜组件处理生活污水的情况进行了考察,在给定的水力停留时间、污泥浓度、pH值等参数的条件下,对其膜组件性能进行了对比研究。通过对生活污水的降解试验发现,在相同的条件下,两种膜组件在浊度的去除方面均达到100%,并且系统处理出水COD均<50mg/L,去除率可分别达到86%和85%,但对氨氮去除两者均未达到60%,另外两种膜组件的膜通量的衰减相差较大,日本膜组件的衰减较缓慢而德国膜组件的衰减很快。