Structural equation modelling of lower back pain due to whole-body vibration exposure in the construction industry

Whole-body vibration (WBV) exposure is a health hazard among workers, causing lower back pain (LBP) in the construction industry. This study examines key factors affecting LBP due to WBV exposure using exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modelling. The results confirm five key factors (equipment, job related, organizational, personal, social context) with their 17 associated items. The organizational factor is found the most important, as it influences the other four factors. The results also show that appropriate seat type, specific training programme, job rotation, workers’ satisfaction and workers’ physical condition are crucial in reducing LBP due to WBV exposure. Moreover, provision of new machines without proper training and good working condition might not help reduce LBP due to WBV exposure. The results help the construction companies to better understand key factors affecting LBP due to WBV exposure, and to plan for a better health improvement programme.     

基于SEM的医院安全脆弱性研究

为准确衡量医院的安全水平,分析医院安全脆弱性影响因素及其关系,首先提炼出基于4个指标,26个因子的医院安全脆弱性概念模型;然后选取10家三甲医院的200名中高层管理者发放问卷,采用SPSS21.0软件对模型进行影响因子验证和修正;最后运用SEM方法,得到指标对医院安全脆弱性的影响路径系数。研究结果表明:人员安全类对医院安全脆弱性影响最大;其次是技术安全类、自然灾害类的脆弱性;另外,4大类脆弱性因素具有直接或间接的影响;医院管理者可以通过加强人员安全培训和管理,提升技术安全措施,预防自然灾害,减少医院安全事故的发生。     

安全诚信管理对安全行为的影响研究—以煤矿企业为例

为了分析煤矿安全诚信管理与安全行为的关系,建立煤矿安全诚信管理与安全行为的结构方程模型,利用问卷调查的方法在2个煤矿开展研究。研究结论表明:安全诚信文化对员工行为态度和安全意识具有正向影响;管理制度建设对员工行为态度和员工安全意识具有正向影响;教育与培训对员工行为态度和员工安全意识具有正向影响;员工安全意识对安全行为具有正向影响;煤矿安全诚信管理通过影响行为态度、安全意识和主观规范作用于安全行为。     

民用机场消防员应急保障能力研究

为提高民用机场消防员应急保障能力,提升机场运行保障水平,需明确机场消防员应急保障能力的影响因素。根据专家访谈及文献查阅,筛选出了影响民用机场消防员应急保障能力的18个要素。通过问卷调查收集数据,利用SPSS 22. 0对数据进行信度分析、效度分析及因子分析,并构建假设模型。利用AMOS 24. 0软件对假设模型进行验证并确定各影响因素权重。结果表明,对民用机场消防员应急保障能力影响最大的是基础素质,然后依次是专业技能、专业知识、处境意识。最后在B机场选取两组消防员进行实测,试验组消防员应急演练的综合评价成绩为3. 792,对照组的成绩为3. 413。此外试验组消防员各项能力的评价水平均高于对照组,这表明模型在提升机场消防员的应急保障能力方面可发挥重要作用。     

企业系统内部安全信息共享过程影响因素分析

为探讨安全信息共享过程及其影响因素,增强企业对安全信息的使用能力,并进一步为提升企业的安全生产水平提供理论依据。基于安全系统和安全信息的研究进展,从安全系统的内部动态联系进行分析,提出加强企业系统内部安全信息共享过程研究的重要性。同时,借鉴安全信息流动和认知的相关研究,分析安全信息的共享过程,进一步构建安全信息流动过程模型,提炼出影响企业系统内部安全信息共享过程的安全信息特性、安全信息质量、安全信息环境、安全信息能力和安全素质5个因素,并逐层分析,构建企业系统内部安全信息共享过程影响因素的测量指标体系。应用问卷调查和结构方程建模方法,构建企业系统内部安全信息共享过程二阶验证性因素分析模型,对影响因素进行分析。结果表明,提出的5个主要因素对安全信息共享过程具有重要影响,其中安全信息素质的影响最大。     

温室效应与全球变化（二）：应当限制哪些温室气体的排放？

自有大气层以来就有温室效应。工业革命以来，大量人为温室气体的排放使温室效应增强，全球海平面上升和气温上升。人类对这一过程的认识还有很大的不确定性。本文综述了到目前为止对这一问题进行科学研究的结论，指出在控制温室效应和全球变化的问题上，最困难也是最基本的难题是减少二氧化碳的排放。     

加强省级环境监测站建设与改革的思考

本文阐述了省级环境监测中心站在整个国家环境监测网络中的重要地位和作用。回顾了我省环境监测中心站这些年来的工作，当前存在的困难和问题，以及如何对我省环境监测中心站进行体制改革的思考。     

INERTIA AND RECOVERY: AN APPROACH TO STREAM CLASSIFICATION AND STRESS EVALUATION1

ABSTRACT: The concepts of inertia and elasticity were applied to existing fish data from Conowingo Creek. It was determined that these two concepts could form the foundation for a stream classification system based on the structure and function of fish communities. Inertia appears to be more useful for predicting the effects of potential stress than elasticity (a stress must first occur before elasticity can be fully evaluated). The relationship between structural and functional redundancy and their influences on the inertia index is discussed.     

Satellite image analysis of human caused changes in the tundra vegetation around the city of Vorkuta,north-European Russia

In this paper we present what kind of human impacted changes can be found in dwarf birch (Betula nana) dominated shrub tundra vegetation around the large industrial complex of Vorkuta in the north-European Russian tundra. Using fieldwork data and Landsat TM satellite image we could identify two impact zones: (1) Pollution zone (150-200 km2). In this zone most of the lichen species are absent. Changes in vegetation communities' species composition in all main plant groups are obvious. Willows especially are more dominant than in the unpolluted sites. (2) Slight pollution/disturbance zone (600-900 km2). Here vegetation changes are mainly similar but less so than the changes in the first zone. Particularly, the amount of herbs and grasses is increased when compared to unpolluted areas. The pollution zones are spatially connected to the main emission sources in the area. Zones spread furthest to the northeast, matching the prevailing winds during winter.     

Quantifying Land-Use Alterations and Associated Hydrologic Impacts at a Wetland Area by Using Remote Sensing and Modeling Techniques

Land use changes and associated hydrologic disturbances, mainly caused by human activities, is a common reason for wetlands degradation worldwide. The particular scientific effort utilized remotely sensed data, GIS techniques and hydrologic modeling to estimate land use alterations during a 40-years period as well as associated changes in hydrologic parameters such as overland and underground flow, infiltration, evapotranspiration and water storages on ground surface. The results indicated significant variations in the hydrologic regime including a 6% increase in the annual evapotranspiration and a 10% increase in the soil water deficit that impose substantial impacts on the regional wetlands.