Arsenic and Mn levels in Isaza (Gymnogobius isaza) during the mass mortality event in Lake Biwa, Japan

The present study measured the concentrations of 25 elements (Li, Mg, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Mo, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Cs, Ba, Hg, Tl, Pb and Bi) in the whole body of Isaza which is an endemic fish species to Lake Biwa, Japan, and compared the values in the specimens from the mass mortality Isaza (MMI) and normal fresh Isaza (NFI). The mean levels of Mn and total As (T-As) were relatively higher in MMI than in NFI. In the T-As, highly toxic inorganic As was detected in MMI. Moreover we found Mn and As concentrations in surface sediment were extremely high and temporally increased. From all these results, we could infer that the dissolution of Mn and As from surface sediment of Lake Biwa might have been one of the cause for the mass mortality of Isaza.     

Oxidation of bisphenol F (BPF) by manganese dioxide

Bisphenol F (BPF), an environmental estrogen, is used as a monomer in plastic industry and its environmental fate and decontamination are emerging concern. This study focused on the kinetics, influencing factors and pathways of its oxidation by MnO₂. At pH 5.5, about 90% of BPF was oxidized in 20 min in a solution containing 100 μM MnO₂ and 4.4 μM BPF. The reaction was pH-dependent, following an order of pH 4.5 > pH 5.5 > pH 8.6 > pH 7.5 > pH 6.5 > pH 9.6. Humic acids inhibited the reaction at low (≤pH 5.5) and high pH (≥pH 8.6) at high concentrations. In addition, metal ions and anions also suppressed the reaction, following the order Mn²⁺ > Ca²⁺ > Mg²⁺ > Na⁺ and HPO₄²⁻ > Cl⁻ > NO₃⁻ ≈ SO₄²⁻, respectively. A total of 5 products were identified, from which a tentative pathway was proposed.     

某矿热炉烟气余热利用系统测量与诊断

对某铁合金厂2台硅铁矿热炉烟气参数进行了现场测量,测量结果表明,测点烟气温度偏低,流量偏大.通过对原始测量数据进行筛选整理,得到了更加真实的测量结果;通过分析测量数据,诊断出导致现有余热锅炉进口烟气温度偏低的主要原因,并给出相应的对策建议.     

云南土壤锰元素背景值及其特征初探

云南省土壤锰元素含量呈对数正态分布,背景值低于全国和重庆地区,接近我国南方部分土壤锰元素背景值。比较高的是石灰土、棕壤;比较低的是黄棕壤、砖红壤。云南土壤的水平地带和垂直地带锰元素背景值分布有着明显的变化规律,土壤中锰的总含量受成土母质母岩的影响尤为明显;由于成土母质母岩中含锰量不等,各成土母质母岩发育的土壤锰元素背景值也有较大差异;不同土类的锰元素背景值在同种母质母岩中也不相同;土壤锰元素背景值在滇西和滇西北地区较高,其余地区的土壤锰元素背景值呈无规律性的镶嵌分布。     

二安替比林对羟基苯乙烯基甲烷与锰显色反应研究应用

合成了新试剂二安替比林对羟基苯乙烯基甲烷,并研究了ＤＡｐＨＶＭ和Ｍｎ（Ⅳ）的显色反应,在强碱性介质中,空气氧化Ｍｎ（Ⅳ）,然后在磷酸介质中,Ｍｎ（Ⅳ）氧化ＤＡａＨＶＭ生成红色产物,λｍａｘ＝５４０ｎｍ,ε＝１．３６＊１０＾５Ｌ．同Ｍｎ（Ⅱ）含量在０－０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ内符合比耳定律。方法用于茶叶样品中锰的测定,结果令人满意。     

聚硅酸氯化铝铁絮凝剂制备及絮凝效果的研究

以粉煤灰和硫铁矿烧渣两种工业固体废弃物为主要原料,制取聚硅酸氯化铝铁(PSAFC)无机高分子絮凝剂。粉煤灰、硫铁矿烧渣和纯碱按1：1：0．8混合．在800～900(焙烧15～30min,用定量1：1盐酸浸取,固体溶出率高达94％,陈化后即为PSAFC絮凝剂。通过模拟和真实印染废水絮凝试验．表明PSAFC絮凝效果与聚合氯化铝(PAC)相当,在沉降速度、污泥体积等方面要优于PAC,且成本比PAC低．具有较大的市场前景。     

华北平原地下热水矿床分布规律及形成

我国华北平原分布有大小不等、形状各异的地下热水矿床;赋存于石灰岩地层形成的地质构造凸起部位的地下热水富水性好,井产水量大,自喷能力强,水质好,矿化度低,温度高,具有较高的开发利用价值。华北平原地下热水的热源与第三纪侵入的火成岩无关。地下热水的补给来源是山区大气降水渗入地下经过较大的构造断裂带和碳酸盐岩地层岩溶溶洞、断裂裂隙深循环以后形成的。地下热水的温度主要取决于水循环的深度。     

Development of LnMnO3+σ perovskite on low temperature Hg0 removal

LnMnO_3+σ (Ln = La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd or Dy) perovskites synthesized by sol-gel method were employed for gaseous elemental mercury (Hg⁰) removal from coal-fired flue gas. Characterization results revealed the structure of the perovskites presented a phase transition process from rhombohedral system to O- and O'-orthorhombic structure with the change of A-site rare earth elements. The perovskites showed satisfactory Hg⁰ removal capacity in a narrow temperature range of 100–150°C. NdMnO_3+σ with an O-O’ orthorhombic structure presented the best Hg⁰ removal performance, which markedly depends on four factors: crystal structure, oxygen vacancy density, Mn⁴⁺/Mn³⁺ ratio and surface element segregation. The Hg⁰ removal mechanism was illustrated based on the mercury temperature programmed desorption experiment and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization. Both chemisorption and catalytic oxidation played a role in the Hg⁰ removal process. Chemisorption dominated the Hg⁰ removal, due to the slow catalytic oxidation rate at low temperature. This work preliminarily established the relation between the structure of rare earth manganese perovskite and Hg⁰ removal performance.     

Marine mineral resources: Effect of the low of the sea convention

The degree of security of investment afforded by the applicable legal regime is one of the most important factors affecting minerals projects. This article outlines the deep-sea mining regime contained in the recently adopted Law of the Sea Convention. A history of subsea mining, including petroleum mining, is presented and the events leading to adoption of the Convention are described. Those parts of the Convention relating to deep-sea mining are analysed, and the International Sea-Bed Authority is examined. It is concluded that deep-sea mining on a commercial scale is unlikely before the end of the decade.     

选矿废水的回用处理研究与实践

铅锌矿泡沫浮选废水含有大量Pb2 + 离子和有机硫化物 ,经过混凝沉淀和活性炭吸附 ,去除其中的悬浮物、重金属离子和部分COD、降低其起泡性 ,然后回用生产。回用实践证明 ,选矿废水经过上述工艺处理后 ,其浮选选别指标与洁净水基本一致