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91.
An Ding Yingxue Zhao Huu Hao Ngo Langming Bai Guibai Li Heng Liang Nanqi Ren Jun Nan 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2020,14(6):96
92.
平树水 《环境监测管理与技术》2007,19(2):50-51
在工业企业厂界噪声测量中经常遇到的问题主要有监测点位布设和背景噪声扣除两类,并对敏感点距声源距离与布点监测、背景噪声的测量和受外来声源严重影响时如何测量厂界噪声等问题提出了解决办法. 相似文献
93.
Patrick Smallhorn-West Jan van der Ploeg Delvene Boso Meshach Sukulu Janet Leamae Mathew Isihanua Martin Jasper Janet Saeni-Oeta Margaret Batalofo Grace Orirana Alick Konamalefo Jill Houma Hampus Eriksson 《Ambio》2022,51(6):1504
Coastal fisheries are a critical component of Pacific island food systems; they power village economies and provide nutritious aquatic foods. Many coastal women and men actively fishing in this region rely on multi-species fisheries, which given their extraordinary diversity are notoriously difficult to both characterize, and to manage. Understanding patterns of fishing, diversity of target species and drivers of these patterns can help define requirements for sustainable management and enhanced livelihoods. Here we use a 12-month data set of 8535 fishing trips undertaken by fishers across Malaita province, Solomon Islands, to create fisheries signatures for 13 communities based on the combination of two metrics; catch per unit effort (CPUE) and catch trophic levels. These signatures are in turn used as a framework for guiding suitable management recommendations in the context of community-based resource management. While a key proximate driver of these patterns was fishing gear (e.g. angling, nets or spearguns), market surveys and qualitative environmental information suggest that community fishing characteristics are coupled to local environmental features more than the market value of specific species they target. Our results demonstrate that even within a single island not all small-scale fisheries are equal, and effective management solutions ultimately depend on catering to the specific environmental characteristics around individual communities.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13280-021-01690-z. 相似文献
94.
以杭州湾海域和连云港周边海域为研究对象,基于Landsat-5、Landsat-9的多光谱和热红外数据,对研究区的海域岸线和温度场信息进行提取,分析海域岸线变迁和温度分布变化特征。结果显示,研究区的海域岸线变化均较显著;海域温度在核电站运行前较为均匀,无明显温度分异,核电站运行后,因温排水排放,核电站周边海域温度出现明显分异;Landsat-9热红外数据温度反演结果可靠,可用于监测温排水对海域环境的影响。 相似文献
95.
为解决极地冻土区油气资源储量极大但其力学特性和钻井井壁失稳机理尚不清晰的问题,对冻土岩样开展低温三轴力学特性实验,并基于此开展钻井井壁坍塌失稳相关数值模拟分析.结果表明:冻土的极限强度会随温度的降低和围压的增大而逐渐提高;冻土弹性模量尽管会随温度的降低而增加,但受围压影响较小,而泊松比基本不受温度及围压的影响;冻土内聚... 相似文献
96.
In the scientific literature, few valuations of biodiversity and ecosystem services following the impacts of toxicity are available, hampered by the lack of ecotoxicological documentation. Here, tributyltin is used to conduct a contingent valuation study as well as cost–benefit analysis (CBA) of measures for improving the environmental status in Swedish coastal waters of the Baltic Sea. Benefits considering different dimensions when assessing environmental status are highlighted and a quantitative environmental assessment framework based on available technology, ecological conditions, and economic valuation methodology is developed. Two scenarios are used in the valuation study: (a) achieving good environmental status by 2020 in accordance with EU legislation (USD 119 household−1 year−1) and (b) achieving visible improvements by 2100 due to natural degradation (USD 108 household−1 year−1) during 8 years. The later scenario was used to illustrate an application of the assessment framework. The CBA results indicate that both scenarios might generate a welfare improvement.
Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13280-015-0682-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献97.
Hg concentrations and related risk assessment in coral reef crustaceans, molluscs and fish from New Caledonia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chouvelon T Warnau M Churlaud C Bustamante P 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(1):331-340
There is a dramatic lack of data on Hg levels in marine organisms from tropical areas, and in particular from New Caledonia. For the first time, this study reports the total Hg concentrations in the tissues of several marine taxa from the New Caledonian lagoon. Seafood from both wild and farmed populations was considered. Hg concentrations varied over three orders of magnitudes according to factors including species, age (size/weight), trophic level, lifestyle and geographical origin. Taking into account the edible tissues, estimations of the amount of flesh that should be consumed by a 60-kg person to reach the Hg Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI) reveal acceptable risk for Human health in general. However, a risk was clearly identified in one site of the lagoon (i.e. Grande Rade) where high Hg concentrations were measured. These concentrations were higher than values reported in the current literature. 相似文献
98.
Costa EA Campos VP da Silva Filho LC Greven HA 《Journal of environmental management》2009,90(2):1060-1068
In recent years, growing interest has focused on determining the performance of materials and evaluating the service life of structures exposed to various environmental forces. In this context, the determination of the aggressive potential of marine salts on mortars used as external renders is critical. The present study aimed to evaluate the spatial distribution of marine salts relative to distance from the sea. This was done by monitoring the deposition rate of chlorides and sulfates in wet candle sensors, located at nine stations scattered around the Metropolitan Region of Salvador, state of Bahia, Brazil. The study also determined the effectiveness of water-soluble salts at penetrating three different types of mortars of varying cement content via deposition and diffusion. The methodology employed enabled an evaluation of the efficiency of the monitoring sensors' measurement of the aggressiveness potential of local marine aerosol, and determination of the comparative performance of the three mortars tested, from the standpoint of resistance to salt penetration. The type and amount of salts captured both in solution and in powder samples extracted from the mortars were determined by ion chromatography. The analysis of the various types of mortars tested indicated which types are more resistant to the aggressive potential of the region's marine aerosol and the distance from the shore where local buildings are liable to be most strongly affected. 相似文献
99.
Richard T. Carson Maria Damon Leigh T. Johnson Jamie A. Gonzalez 《Journal of environmental management》2009
In marine areas throughout the world where recreational boats are densely located, concentrations of copper in the water are being found to be in excess of government standards, due to the hull coatings used on these boats. Copper-based hull coatings are intended to be antifouling in that they retard the growth of algae, barnacles and tubeworms; but alternatives exist that can eliminate the harm that copper contamination does to marine organisms. A variety of policy options are available to mandate or provide economic incentives to switch to these less harmful alternatives. This paper puts forth a conceptual framework for thinking about how to design and evaluate alternative policies to transition to nontoxic boat hulls, drawing from the authors' experience designing a policy for use in San Diego Bay. Many of the issues raised are broadly applicable to environmental problems where the solution involves a large-scale replacement of durable consumer goods. 相似文献
100.
A global assessment of chromium pollution using sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) as an indicator species 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
John Pierce Wise Sr. Roger Payne Sandra S. Wise Carolyne LaCerte James Wise Christy Gianios Jr. W. Douglas Thompson Christopher Perkins Tongzhang Zheng Cairong Zhu Lucille Benedict Iain Kerr 《Chemosphere》2009,75(11):1461-1467
Chromium (Cr) is a well-known human carcinogen and a potential reproductive toxicant, but its contribution to ocean pollution is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to provide a global baseline for Cr as a marine pollutant using the sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) as an indicator species. Biopsies were collected from free-ranging whales around the globe during the voyage of the research vessel The Odyssey. Total Cr levels were measured in 361 sperm whales collected from 16 regions around the globe detectable levels ranged from 0.9 to 122.6 μg Cr g tissue−1 with a global mean of 8.8 ± 0.9 μg g−1. Two whales had undetectable levels. The highest levels were found in sperm whales sampled in the waters near the Islands of Kiribati in the Pacific (mean = 44.3 ± 14.4) and the Seychelles in the Indian Ocean (mean = 19.5 ± 5.4 μg g−1). The lowest mean levels were found in whales near the Canary Islands (mean = 3.7 ± 0.8 μg g−1) and off of the coast of Sri Lanka (mean = 3.3 ± 0.4 μg g−1). The global mean Cr level in whale skin was 28-times higher than mean Cr skin levels in humans without occupational exposure. The whale levels were more similar to levels only observed previously in human lung tissue from workers who died of Cr-induced lung cancer. We conclude that Cr pollution in the marine environment is significant and that further study is urgently needed. 相似文献