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71.
Xuemei Hu Shijie You Fang Li Yanbiao Liu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2022,16(4):48
72.
Jana S. Stewart Lizhu Wang John Lyons Judy A. Horwatich Roger Bannerman 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2001,37(6):1475-1487
ABSTRACT: Multivariate analyses and correlations revealed strong relations between watershed and riparian‐corridor land cover, and reach‐scale habitat versus fish and macroinvertebrate assemblages in 38 warmwater streams in eastern Wisconsin. Watersheds were dominated by agricultural use, and ranged in size from 9 to 71 km2 Watershed land cover was summarized from satellite‐derived data for the area outside a 30‐m buffer. Riparian land cover was interpreted from digital orthophotos within 10‐, 10‐to 20‐, and 20‐to 30‐m buffers. Reach‐scale habitat, fish, and macroinvertebrates were collected in 1998 and biotic indices calculated. Correlations between land cover, habitat, and stream‐quality indicators revealed significant relations at the watershed, riparian‐corridor, and reach scales. At the watershed scale, fish diversity, intolerant fish and EPT species increased, and Hilsenhoff biotic index (HBI) decreased as percent forest increased. At the riparian‐corridor scale, EPT species decreased and HBI increased as riparian vegetation became more fragmented. For the reach, EPT species decreased with embeddedness. Multivariate analyses further indicated that riparian (percent agriculture, grassland, urban and forest, and fragmentation of vegetation), watershed (percent forest) and reach‐scale characteristics (embeddedness) were the most important variables influencing fish (IBI, density, diversity, number, and percent tolerant and insectivorous species) and macroinvertebrate (HBI and EPT) communities. 相似文献
73.
74.
75.
Integrated assessment of river health based on water quality, aquatic life
and physical habitat 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The health conditions of Liao River were assessed using 25 sampling sites in April 2005, with water quality index, biotic index
and physical habitat quality index. Based on the method of cluster analysis (CA) for water quality indices, it revealed that heavily
polluted sites of Liao River are located at estuary and mainstream. The aquatic species surveyed were attached algae and benthic
invertebrates. The result showed that the diversity and biomass of attached algae and benthic index of biotic integrity (B-IBI) were
degrading as the chemical and physical quality of water bodies deteriorating. Physiochemical parameters, BOD5, CODCr, TN, TP,
NH3-N, DO, petroleum hydrocarbon and conductivity, were statistically analyzed with principal component analysis and correlation
analysis. The statistical results were incorporated into the integrated assessing water quality index, combining fecal coliform count,
attached algae diversity, B-IBI and physical habitat quality score. A comprehensive integrated assessing system of river ecological
health was established. Based on the systimetic assesment, the assessed sites are categorized into 9 “healthy” and “sub-healthy” sites
and 8 “sub-sick” and “sick” sites. 相似文献
76.
生态系统完整性不仅反映了环境干扰下生态系统维持最优化运作和良性发展的能力,也反映了为人类社会提供有价值产品和服务的能力。本文以生态系统完整性的视角,从耗散结构和生态系统结构、过程、服务功能方面分析了岩溶生态系统的特点,表明岩溶生态系统完整性也是潜在脆弱的,随着生态的逐渐退化,生态系统完整性逐渐损失。作为人类作用胁迫下的终态,岩溶土地石漠化的发生和加剧代表着岩溶生态系统完整性的丧失,石漠化治理及生态恢复过程则是生态系统完整性逐渐恢复的过程。 相似文献
77.
Characterization of biological responses under different environmental conditions: A hierarchical modeling approach 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A natural river system is organized as a nested hierarchy of interconnected habitats with specific environmental conditions to which the biological community has adapted. Due to this hierarchical structure, identifying the role of different stressors on the biological community is a formidable task. Efforts trying to link stressors to biological integrity have always been bound to the geographic scale of the selected study area, leading to scale-specific results. In this research, an attempt is made to lift this limitation and develop a hierarchical, scale-sensitive methodology that can identify the significant environmental stressors to the biological community at different scales. Sites with similar background environmental conditions are clustered using self-organizing maps (SOM). This is used to identify stressors which affect the biological community throughout the area of study - called environmental gradients or large-scale stressors. Subsequently, these clusters of similar observations (sampling sites) are progressively sub-divided using environmental variables with a significant but localized effect on the biological community - called small-scale stressors. A parent group of sites is split only when the resulting sub-groups have significantly different biological responses. At the end of this recursive sites decomposition procedure, the original set of observations is organized as a tree of environmentally homogeneous groups of observations characterized by unique biological responses to multiple stressors with different geographic extents. The developed hierarchical analysis methodology has been validated using a large-size dataset of environmental observations from the State of Ohio. Our results show that habitat degradation and increased nutrient loading are the large-scale stressors with a widespread impact in Ohio. Other stressors, such as heavy metals, pH or nitrate concentrations have significant albeit localized effects on biological integrity. 相似文献
78.
79.
膜生物反应器运行中的膜污染问题 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
这了各国研究者针对膜生物反应器中的膜污染问题所作的工作,认为膜本身的性质以及废水组成和工艺条件都是造成膜污染的主要原因,利用反冲洗和清洗手段,可以有效地改善膜的性能,以提高膜的寿命,膜生物反应器技术的改进是避免膜污染的新思路。 相似文献
80.
生物完整性指数作为评价河流健康的重要工具,对流域管理有明确的指导作用.为全面掌握滦河流域生态系统健康状况,构建F-IBI(鱼类完整性指数),开展滦河流域生态系统健康评价.于2016年10-11月对滦河流域58个采样点收集了鱼类与环境数据,根据栖息地质量评分与水质等级来确定参考点(12个)和受损点(7个).利用分布范围检验、敏感性分析及冗余检验对20个候选指标进行筛选,以获得构建F-IBI的核心指标.采用1、3、5赋分法对核心指标进行赋分,并计算F-IBI最终得分.利用分位数法将F-IBI划分为"健康" "亚健康" "一般" "差" "极差"5个等级.利用非参数检验对F-IBI的适用性进行校验.结果表明:①鱼类物种数、个体数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、底栖食性鱼类个体百分比、耐受性鱼类个体百分比、产黏性卵鱼类个体百分比、产沉性卵鱼类个体百分比、上层鱼类个体百分比和广布种鱼类个体百分比等9个指标被筛选出,其适合作为构建F-IBI的核心指标.②F-IBI计算结果表明滦河流域58个采样点中,"健康"和"亚健康"等级采样点有22个,"一般"等级采样点22个,"差"和"极差"等级采样点14个.滦河干支流上游地区健康状况较好,干流中下游及部分独流入海河流健康状况较差,这主要受到不同地区社会经济发展的影响.③Mann-Whitney U检验发现,F-IBI在参考点与非参考点之间有显著差异,栖息地综合得分随F-IBI评价等级降低而下降,在"健康"与除"亚健康"外的其他等级以及"极差"与除"差"外的其他等级之间有显著差异.研究显示,构建的F-IBI适用于滦河流域生态系统健康评价. 相似文献