环境影响评价中公众参与存在的问题及对策

公众参与在环境影响评价中是不可缺少的一部分,具有非常重要的作用。为推进和规范环境影响评价活动中的公众参与,2006年2月,环保部出台了《环境影响评价公众参与暂行办法》,主要对公众参与的组织形式和公众参与的时限做了规定。虽然暂行办法的出台发挥了一定的作用,但中国的公众参与制度还是不够完善,公众参与的有效性差。针对于此,分析了中国环境影响评价中公众参与存在的问题,并提出了相应的对策。促进中国环境影响评价中的公众参与能够有效地进行,为环境管理提供依据。     

突发事件下人群应急信息传播策略推演方法研究*

为提升突发事件预警信息传播能力,拓宽预警信息传播渠道,增强预警信息传播多元化特征,提出群体内个体传播影响力评估方法及应急信息传播模式制定方法,并基于网络分析与多智能体建模,研究群体应急信息传播策略制定方法与有效性分析手段,重点阐述方法实施路径与应用方向。研究结果可用于制定基于社会网络的应急信息传播策略,并通过多智能建模对应急信息传播情景进行有效性推演。     

Development of regional climate mitigation baseline for a dominant agro-ecological zone of Karnataka,India

Setting a baseline for carbon stock changes in forest and land use sector mitigation projects is an essential step for assessing additionality of the project. There are two approaches for setting baselines namely, project-specific and regional baseline. This paper presents the methodology adopted for estimating the land available for mitigation, for developing a regional baseline, transaction cost involved and a comparison of project-specific and regional baseline. The study showed that it is possible to estimate the potential land and its suitability for afforestation and reforestation mitigation projects, using existing maps and data, in the dry zone of Karnataka, southern India. The study adopted a three-step approach for developing a regional baseline, namely: (i) identification of likely baseline options for land use, (ii) estimation of baseline rates of land-use change, and (iii) quantification of baseline carbon profile over time. The analysis showed that carbon stock estimates made for wastelands and fallow lands for project-specific as well as the regional baseline are comparable. The ratio of wasteland Carbon stocks of a project to regional baseline is 1.02, and that of fallow lands in the project to regional baseline is 0.97. The cost of conducting field studies for determination of regional baseline is about a quarter of the cost of developing a project-specific baseline on a per hectare basis. The study has shown the reliability, feasibility and cost-effectiveness of adopting regional baseline for forestry sector mitigation projects.

Phenotypic diversity in populations of the common blue butterfly <Emphasis Type="Italic">Polyommatus icarus</Emphasis> Rott. As a trend in the ecocenotic strategy of the species

Phenotypic diversity in populations of Polyommatus icarus Rott. (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae) is regarded as a component of the ecocenotic strategy of the species, trends in which may serve as markers characterizing the state of natural populations.     

沈阳市生态城市建设对策探讨

介绍了国内外生态城市建设情况,介绍了沈阳生态市建设现状,从政府引导、环保机制完善、生态产业培植以及生态文化建设等方面提出对策。     

Coastal flood protection: What perspective in a changing climate? The THESEUS approach

Coastal areas are vital economic hubs in terms of settlement, industry, agriculture, trade and tourism to mention some key sectors. There are already many coastal problems including erosion, flood risk and long-term habitat deterioration. As economies continue to develop the asset base at risk will grow, while accelerating climate change will increase the likelihood of damaging extreme events, as well as accelerate habitat decline. Existing coastal management and defence approaches are not well tuned to these challenges as they assume a static situation.THESEUS project is developing a systematic approach to delivering both a low-risk coast for human use and healthy habitats for evolving coastal zones subject to multiple change factors. The project examines innovative mitigation and adaptation technologies and integrate the best of these technical measures in a strategic policy context through overarching guidelines. THESEUS activities are carried out within a multidisciplinary framework using 8 study sites across Europe, with specific attention to the most vulnerable coastal environments such as deltas, estuaries and wetlands, where many large cities and industrial areas are located.This paper describes THESEUS approach, and specifically: the Source-Pathway-Receptor-Consquence model for coastal risk assessment; the engineering, social, economic and ecological mitigation measures under analysis; the participatory approach with end users and coastal authorities for the selection and identification of the appropriate defence strategy to be planned in sudy sites.     

滇池生态安全保障策略研究

在滇池生态安全调查与评估研究成果的基础上,进一步阐述了滇池流域存在的生态…安全问题,以社会经济调控、水土资源调控、水环境污染控制、水生态调控、管理支撑体系为核心内容构建滇池流域生态安全保障策略,同时对滇池流域生态安全保障策略进行了目标可达性分析。     

北京市PM_(2.5)的研究进展

PM2.5是指大气中动力学直径≤2.5μm的颗粒物,也称为可入肺颗粒物。北京的大气污染是我国在快速发展过程中出现的典型的城市大气环境问题的代表,具有明显的烟煤型污染与光化学污染相结合的复合型污染特征,北京市PM2.5的污染已经相当严重。为了进一步研究北京市PM2.5的特性,对北京市PM2.5的污染特征、化学组成、源解析方面进行探讨,并提出了相应的防治对策。     

基于BP神经网络的导弹环境适应性评估及对策

论述了转型期海军战术导弹开展环境适应性研究的必要性和紧迫性,分析了环境因素的影响。选取典型型号的海军战术导弹为研究对象,给出了8种严重影响导弹的环境适应性因子。结合BP神经网络算法建立了环境适应性模型,并对环境适应性水平进行了仿真评估分析。仿真结果表明,该模型具有良好的评估效用。根据仿真结果,针对不同时期的导弹提出了相应的环境适应性对策。     

虚拟水研究与应用进展

虚拟水是解决水资源短缺和粮食安全问题的新途径,是目前国际新兴的研究热点。文中系统地阐述了虚拟水的概念和内涵,归纳总结了关于产品的虚拟水含量的计算方法,包括基于不同产品类型区别计算的方法和产品生产树的方法。并且介绍了虚拟水的应用情况,还对今后的研究方向进行了探讨。