改性凹凸棒土对水溶液中苯的吸附研究

研究了改性凹凸棒土对水溶液中苯的吸附规律。结果表明，改性凹凸棒土对苯的吸附量和去除率提高了２倍多，ｐＨ值对吸附量的影响甚小，吸附量随温度上升而增加，改进的ＢＥＴ方程能较好地描述实验等温线，其吸附机理可能为表面的疏水作用与化学吸附和进入内部孔道吸附。     

氧化铁涂层砂变性滤料除砷性能研究

氧化铁涂层砂和未涂层石英砂除砷过滤实验比较表明,氧化铁涂层砂除砷效果显著,去除率达95%以上,基本遵循低pH,高去除率的规律,除砷吸附等温线属于Langmuir型,单层吸附。     

掺锑二氧化锡多孔钛阳极对苯酚的催化氧化

研究了掺锑二氧化锡多孔钛基阳极对苯酚的催化氧化,分析了溶液pH值、温度、苯酚初始浓度、盐含量及表观电流密度对苯酚降解效果的影响,并对苯酚的氧化降解历程及动力学特征进行了讨论,紫外分光光度法、高效液相色谱法（HPLC）及化学方法（COD）测试结果表明,苯酚的催化降解中间产物有对苯二酚、苯醌、丁烯二酸、草酸等,最终产物为二氧化碳．苯酚在掺锑二氧化锡多孔钛阳极上的降解动力学方程符合表观拟一级反应。     

The efficiency of electrocoagulation in treating wastewater from a dairy industry,Part I: Iron electrodes

Iron electrodes were used for electrocoagulation (EC) treatment of wastewater from a dairy plant. Electrolysis time, pH, current density and distance between electrodes were considered to assess the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total solids (TS) and their fractions and turbidity. Samples were collected from the effluent of a dairy plant using a sampling methodology proportional to the flow. The treatments were applied according to design factorial of half fraction with two levels of treatments and three repetitions at the central point. The optimization of parameters for treating dairy industry effluent by electrocoagulation using iron electrodes showed that electric current application for 15 minutes, an initial sample pH close to neutral (pH 7.0) and a current density of 50 A ^{. m?2} resulted in a significant reduction in COD by 58 %; removal of turbidity, suspended solids and volatile suspended solids by 95 %; and a final treated effluent pH of approximately 9.5. Negative consequences of the type of electrode used were the emergence of an undesirable color and an increase in the proportion of dissolved solids in the treated effluent.     

RuO_2-IrO_2/Ti修饰阳极的制备及电催化降解苯酚的研究

采用涂刷法制备铱、钌摩尔比(Ir∶Ru)分别为1∶2、1∶1和2∶1的3种RuO2-IrO2/Ti修饰电极。5g/L苯酚溶液中循环伏安(CV)曲线测试结果表明,Ir∶Ru为1∶2的RuO2-IrO2/Ti修饰电极没有出现明显的氧化峰,而Ir∶Ru分别为1∶1、2∶1的RuO2-IrO2/Ti修饰电极分别在0.83、0.90V处出现明显的氧化峰。0.5mol/L硫酸溶液中的极化曲线测试结果表明,Ir∶Ru分别为1∶2、1∶1、2∶1的3种RuO2-IrO2/Ti修饰电极的析氧电位分别为1.20、1.25、1.35V。一定条件下的苯酚降解试验结果表明,160min后Ir∶Ru分别为1∶2、1∶1、2∶1的3种RuO2-IrO2/Ti修饰电极的苯酚去除率分别达到74.3%、82.3%和94.6%。可见,Ir∶Ru为2∶1的RuO2-IrO2/Ti修饰电极的析氧电位最高,苯酚去除率最高,电催化效果最好。     

Rapid method for on-site determination of phenolic contaminants in water using a disposable biosensor

A disposable biosensor was fabricated using single-walled carbon nanotubes, gold nanoparticles and tyrosinase (SWCNTs-AuNPs-Tyr) modified screen-printed electrodes. The prepared biosensor was applied to the rapid determination of phenolic contaminants within 15 minutes. The SWCNTs-AuNPs-Tyr bionanocomposite sensing layer was characterized with scanning electron microscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry methods. The characterization results revealed that SWCNTs could lead to a high loading of tyrosinase (Tyr) with the large surface area and the porous morphology, while AuNPs could retain the bioactivity of Tyr and enhance the sensitivity. The detection conditions, including working potential, pH of supporting electrolyte and the amount of Tyr were optimumed. As an example, the biosensor for catechol determination displayed a linear range of 8.0 × 10^-8 to 2.0 × 10^-5 mol·L^-1 with a detection limit of 4.5 × 10^-8 mol·L^-1 (S/N = 3). This method has a rapid response time within 10 s, and shows excellent repeatability and stability. Moreover, the resulting biosensor could be disposable, low-cost, reliable and easy to carry. This kind of new Tyr biosensor provides great potential for rapid, on-site and cost-effective analysis of phenolic contaminants in environmental water samples.     

阴/阳离子有机膨润土制备及其对苯酚吸附性能的实验研究

采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)和十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)对辽宁黑山钙基膨润土进行不同工艺的阴/阳离子有机膨润土制备,并探讨其对被苯酚污染的地下水的吸附机理及其影响因素,为阴/阳离子有机膨润土在污染地下水修复新技术--渗透反应格栅(PRB)中应用的可行性提供必要的技术参数.研究结果表明,制备阴/阳离子有机膨润土的最佳工艺是加入3.0%(质量分数)的Na2CO3钠化,以120CTMAB/15SDS的投加量对其进行阴/阳离子有机改性;阴/阳离子有机膨润土对水中有机物具有协同去除效应;阴/阳离子有机膨润土Na-ACOMMT对苯酚吸附的最佳条件是投加60 g/L、80～100目的Na-ACOMMT,在温度20℃、pH为6～8、振荡转速200 r/min的条件下振荡30 min,此时苯酚的去除率高达78.74%,且吸附等温线符合Langmuir和Freundlich方程;Na-ACOMMT可通过多次吸附(累积吸附量为0.045 9 mg/g)达到降低成本的目的.但是Na-ACOMMT吸附被苯酚污染的地下水时,可能会有微量阴/阳离子表面活性剂的解吸.     

改性材料在石油污染水体中的应用

研究了溶液中硬脂酸改性磁铁矿的改性条件,确定了改性时间、温度、改性剂用量等。对改性磁铁矿进行了活化指数、吸油量、透水时间等的测定,并通过红外图谱及扫描电镜图谱的分析,探讨了改性及吸附机理。     

Biomass chemical looping gasification for syngas production using modified hematite as oxygen carriers

Syngas is a clean energy carrier and a major industrial feedstock. In this paper, syngas was produced via biomass chemical looping gasification(CLG) process. Hematite, the most common Fe-based oxygen carrier(OC), was modified with different metal oxides(CeO₂, CaO and MgO) by the impregnation method. The hematite modified by CeO₂, CaO and MgO was namely as CeO₂-hematite(CeO₂-H), CaO-hematite(CaO-H) and MgO-hematite(MgO-H), respectively. The introduction...     

改性膨润土对晴纶混纺织物染色废水脱色处理的研究

文章介绍了晴纶纸纺织物在染色时所产生的染色废水的特征,针对该废水在处理时具有脱色难的难题,寻找具有针对性的凝聚剂,最后选用改性膨润土作凝剂.试验结果表明:用CaO调pH值为7、凝聚剂投加质量分数为8%的条件下,废水脱色率可达100%,同时,由于提高了废水的可生化性,为后续深加工处理提供了有利条件.