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151.
152.
This paper deals with the release of base cations and Al3+ at the treatment with simulated acid rain (SAR) in main soil types collected from South China. Results showed that the amounts of base cations increased obviously when the pH value of simulated acid rain was lower than 3.0 or 3.5. Compared with the leaching of K+ and Na+, the leaching of Ca2+ and Mg2+ was affected by the pH value of SAR. Only when the amounts of base cations leached from soils exceeded the cation exchange capacity, the pH value of leaching solutions decreased sharply and the amounts of released Al3+ increased. The H+ buffering mechanisms, which were affected notonly by the pH values of SAR, but also by the types and solid components of soils, were proposed for the main soils studied. 相似文献
153.
污水处理厂污泥脱水滤液循环利用的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对污水处理厂污泥机械脱水滤液进行了循环利用研究。将滤液与剩余污泥(mlsss≤13000mg/l)按1比4的比例均匀混合。然后加入到沉淀器中进行重力浓缩试验,结果表明:它能够改善污泥的浓缩脱水性能,加快污泥的沉淀速度,增大浓缩污泥的浓度;生产运行数据分析显示:污泥脱水滤液与剩余污泥混合液进入浓缩池后,上清液更加清澈,污泥的固体负荷率显著提高,这既可降低污泥的处理成本,亦可减少污泥处理系统的基建投资,为污泥处理系统的工艺优化开辟了新途径。 相似文献
154.
155.
《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(3):388-400
Removing large concentrations of organic pollutants from water efficiently and quickly under visible light is essential to developing photocatalytic technology and improving solar energy efficiency. This study used a simple hydrothermal method to prepare a non-metallic, S-doped NaTaO3 (S-NTO) photocatalyst, which was then loaded onto biochar (BC) to form a S-NTO/BC composite photocatalyst. After uniform loading onto BC, the S-NTO particles transformed from cubic to spherical. The photogenerated electron-hole pair recombination probability of the composite photocatalyst was significantly lower than those of the NTO particles. The light absorption range of the catalyst was effectively widened from 310 nm UV region to visible region. In addition, a dual-effect catalytic system was constructed by introducing peroxymonosulfate (PMS) into the environment of the pollution to be degraded. The Rhodamine B, Methyl Orange, Acid Orange 7, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin degradation efficiency at 40 mg/L reached 99.6%, 99.2%, 84.5%, 67.1%, and 70.7%, respectively, after irradiation by a 40 W lamps for 90 min. The high-efficiency visible-light catalytic activity of the dual-effect catalytic system was attributed to doping with non-metallic sulfur and loading of catalysts onto BC. The development of this dual-effect catalytic system provides new ideas for quickly and efficiently solving the problem of high-concentration organic pollution in aqueous environments, rationally and fully utilizing solar energy, and expanding the application of photocatalytic technology to practice. 相似文献
156.
《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(4):517-530
Graphite carbon nitride has many excellent properties as a two-dimensional semiconductor material so that it has a wide application prospect in the field of photocatalysis. However, the traditional problems such as high recombination rate of photogenerated carriers limit its application. In this work, we introduce nitrogen deficiency into g-C3N4 to solve this problem a simple and safe in-situ reduction method. g-C3N4/CaCO3 was obtained by a simple and safe one-step calcination method with industrial-grade micron particles CaCO3. Cyano group modification was in-situ reduced during the thermal polymerization process, which would change the internal electronic structure of g-C3N4. The successful combination of g-C3N4 and CaCO3 and the introduction of cyanide have been proved by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer. The formation of the cyano group, an electron-absorbing group, promotes the effective separation of photogenic electron hole pairs and inhibits the recombination of photogenic carriers. These advantages result in the generation of more •O2− and 1O2 in the catalytic system, which increases the photocatalytic efficiency of nicotine degradation by ten times. Furthermore, the degradation process of nicotine has been studied in this work to provide a basis for the degradation of nicotine organic pollutants in the air. 相似文献
157.
报道了胡椒基丁醚生产中5-丙基-1,3-苯并二氧杂茂的氯甲基化的废水处理,该废水经蒸馏可回收94%的盐酸,此酸吸收氯化氢后浓度在36%以上,可再用于氯甲基化反应。蒸馏残液经分油、Fenton试剂处理和五次生炭柱吸附后CODCr等项指标均可国家二类污染物的一级排放标准。 相似文献
158.
从环境效益、经济效益和社会效益三个方面分析和探讨了污水处理厂与城市公园建设的优越性。把污水处理厂、城市公园和环保教育综合为一体是可行的。 相似文献
159.
Klaassien J. Ganzeveld Annechien van Hagen Martin H. van Agteren Wim de Koning Anton J. M. Schoot Uiterkamp 《Journal of Cleaner Production》1999,7(6):690
Two types of fermented organic waste (trade and industry waste and fruit and vegetable waste) were successfully used as a sole carbon source to produce poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate (PHBV) by Ralstonia eutrophus (formerly Alcaligenes eutrophus) via oxygen limitation.The production of PHBV could be optimized by optimizing the oxygen transfer through the fermentor. Thereby, a peak concentration of 1.1 g PHBV per liter cell suspension, 40 w% of cell dry weight, was obtained at an aeration rate of 0.24 mol O2/h·kg biomass. The yield of PHBV on the fatty acid concentration in the organic waste was 0.16 g polymer/g volatile organic matter. The process obtained, compares well with the commercial production process of PHBV based on glucose. 相似文献
160.
TTC-脱氢酶活性检测方法的研究 总被引:17,自引:2,他引:17
以好氧消化污泥为材料,对影响脱氢酶活性测定的样品前处理、生化培养、酶反应终止剂、三苯基甲Za(TF)苯取剂以及萃取条件等问题进行了系统地研究,进而提出了检测脱氢酶活性的常温萃取测定法。这种方法已在剩余污泥好氧消化处理、生物转盘处理生物制品废水以及陶粒柱反应器低温生物预处理饮用水等研究中应用,效果良好。 相似文献