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41.
ESTIMATING THE LOCAL COST OF PROTECTING KOSHI TAPPU WILDLIFE RESERVE, NEPAL: A CONTINGENT VALUATION APPROACH 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
RAM K. SHRESTHA JANAKI R.R. ALAVALAPATI ANDREW F. SEIDL KARL E. WEBER TRI B. SUSELO 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2007,9(4):413-426
We estimate the compensation required by the local communities to forego access to the natural resources within the Koshi
Tappu Wildlife Reserve (KTWR), Nepal using the contingent valuation method (CVM). In addition to contributing a CVM application
from a seldom studied location to the literature, this case illustrates the sensitivity of WTA estimates to the analytical
technique adopted. We analyze households’ willingness to accept (WTA) compensation using Tobit and double-hurdle regression
models that account for the censored distribution of WTA and nested yes/no decision implicit in the WTA responses. The average
WTA of a household residing in the vicinity of KTWR is estimated to be US $238, which amounts to nearly $ 1.64 million for
the neighboring region. The results provide a basis to address local people’s concerns in the process of sustainable management
of natural resources and wetland ecosystems in KTWR, Nepal. 相似文献
42.
Dilli Prasad Poudel 《国际发展与全球生态学杂志》2013,20(6):552-562
Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) attracts poor nations to keep their forest standing only to sequester carbon through monetary incentives. However, in countries like Nepal where forest is an integral part of social practices, communities need to keep using forests for making a living. Based on household survey, field interview, personal observation, and broad review of forestry legislations, this paper scrutinizes villagers’ experiences of changes in forest management after implementation of a REDD+ pilot project in nine Community Forestry Users Groups (CFUGs) of Nepal. Since REDD+ was not initiated by local communities but tacitly implemented by international NGOs, most villagers lacked knowledge about it and the associated benefits from the pilot project, thus fewer villagers were found to be motivated to participate in the pilot project. Consequently, it delinked villagers from their forest by implicitly tightening uses rules, which resulted in constraints to fetch forest products. In addition, REDD+ benefits were distributed to some poor households but not to all, which resulted to an antagonistic sentiment in the villages. Thus, a rigorous assessment of conditions and framework of REDD+ and an involvement of local community from the start without compromising in the uses of forest products is of the utmost importance before considering the REDD+ framework as an alternative or as similar to CFUG in Nepal. Alternatively, REDD+ can be a part or a development project under the CFUG’s framework, which could be socially as well as legally acceptable on the present situation. 相似文献
43.
This paper explores the circumstances in which communities may effectively reduce risks. It draws on the example of two ‘Risk and Resilience Committees’ (RRCs) that were established in Nepal as part of an action research project: one in Panchkhal in the central region, operating as a community‐based organisation (CBO); and the other in Dhankuta in the eastern region, embedded in municipal government. In‐depth interviews were conducted with RRC members. Wider community preferences for risk reduction were examined through a questionnaire survey. In Dhankuta, the RRC obtained further funding, developed strong upward and downward institutional links, and applied a ‘disaster risk reduction lens’ to existing local government responsibilities. In Panchkhal, RRC activities have been limited by funding and have focused on the strengthening of livelihoods. It may be concluded tentatively that community‐based disaster risk reduction activities are more successful when they are institutionally embedded in local government structures. 相似文献