A/O中试工艺中亚硝酸氮积累现象的消失与重现

应用A/O工艺处理低C/N比的生活污水,SRT维持在15d左右,水温控制在21-25℃,pH值在7.2-7.6之间,污泥浓度为2500-4500mg·l-1,通过控制溶解氧(DO)浓度实现了亚硝酸氮积累、消失和重现.维持较低的DO浓度(≤0.7mg·l-1)可使亚硝酸氮积累现象重现.在两次试验的比较中,亚硝酸氮积累破坏的愈彻底相应恢复的过程就愈漫长.在长期较低的DO浓度条件下,亚硝酸菌充分利用了有限的溶解氧,在与丝状菌竞争DO中占到优势,因此,污泥沉淀性能很好,没有产生严重污泥膨胀.同时分析了pH值、游离氨(FA)浓度、温度等对亚硝酸氮积累的影响,DO是影响亚硝酸氮积累的关键因素.     

NiO/SrBi2O4可见光催化杀菌的研究

采用共沉淀法制备SrBi2O4,利用浸渍法将NiO负载到SrBi2O4表面上,制得可见光催化杀菌剂.紫外可见漫反射光谱的测定显示催化剂在400-650nm波长有吸收.表明NiO/SrBi2O4在可见光(λ＞420 nm)照射下对革蓝氏阴性菌大肠杆菌(E.coli)有很高的杀菌活性.通过TEM观察和ICP测定反应过程中钾离子的浓度变化,证实细菌细胞壁和细胞膜均遭到破坏.     

氧化铝熟料中碎电收尘系统

论述了氧化铝熟料中碎工序电收尘系统的运行与经验 ,探讨了氧化铝熟料粉尘电收尘设计运行应注意的问题。     

Determination of nitrous oxide, methane, and ammonia emissions from a swine waste composting process

The amounts of harmful gas emissions from the process of composting swine waste were determined using an experimental composting apparatus. Forced aeration (19.2–96.1 l/m³/min) was carried out continuously, and exhaust gases were collected and analyzed periodically. With weekly turning and the addition of a bulking agent in order to decrease the moisture content and increase air permeability, the temperature of most of the contents rose to 70°C and composting was complete within 3–5 weeks. NH₃, CH₄, and N₂O emissions were high in the early stage of composting. About 10%–25% of the nitrogen in the raw material was lost as NH₃ gas during composting. The emission rate of NH₃ mainly depended on the aeration rate, so that as the aeration rate rose, the level of NH₃ emissions increased. The CH₄ and N₂O emissions could be kept lower with adequate treatment at more than 40 l/m³/min aeration. N₂O may be mainly the result of the denitrification of NO _x -N in the additional matured compost used as a composting accelerator. Received: September 11, 1998 / Accepted: November 8, 1999     

H2O2—Fe^2＋法处理3—羟基—2—萘甲酸生产废水

采用H2O2-Fe^2 处理3-羟基-2-萘甲酸（简称2,3酸）生产废水,在pH为2.8-2.9(原液）,[FeSO4.7H2O]为0.5kg/t废水,[H2O2]为5L/t废水,t为20min,TY国60℃-80℃时,COD去除率可达94%左右。     

N_2O、CO_2温室气体与土壤DNDC模型

本文对N2O、CO2两种温室气体的研究工作进行了评述,重点介绍了土壤脱氮-分解模型（DNDC）的起始原由、发展过程及其结构.并通过对模型在不同国家和地区的灵敏度检验,表明与实测结果非常吻合,得出了非常重要的结论.这一模型不仅对N2O、CO2等温室气体的全球变化研究有重要意义.而且对土壤农业耕作实践也有指导作用,但这些结论有待于进一步的详细研究.     

钒钛SCR脱硝催化剂低温研究进展

由于商用钒钛SCR催化剂存在活性温度偏高等缺点,开发低温高活性的催化剂体系已成为国内外研究的热点。分析了钒钛催化剂低温SCR反应的脱硝机理,探讨了催化剂性能的低温改性方法和努力方向,介绍了催化剂中毒方面的研究进展,为催化剂的完善和低温SCR的深入研究提供参考。     

Sensitivity analysis for models of greenhouse gas emissions at farm level. Case study of N(2)O emissions simulated by the CERES-EGC model

Modelling complex systems such as farms often requires quantification of a large number of input factors. Sensitivity analyses are useful to reduce the number of input factors that are required to be measured or estimated accurately. Three methods of sensitivity analysis (the Morris method, the rank regression and correlation method and the Extended Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Test method) were compared in the case of the CERES-EGC model applied to crops of a dairy farm. The qualitative Morris method provided a screening of the input factors. The two other quantitative methods were used to investigate more thoroughly the effects of input factors on output variables. Despite differences in terms of concepts and assumptions, the three methods provided similar results. Among the 44 factors under study, N₂O emissions were mainly sensitive to the fraction of N₂O emitted during denitrification, the maximum rate of nitrification, the soil bulk density and the cropland area.     

垃圾渗滤液与城市污水同时处理系统优化运行策略探讨

采用倒置A2/O工艺处理垃圾渗滤液与城市污水的混合污水.模型试验结果表明,水力停留时间是影响混合污水氮和有机物去除的控制因素;水温为23～30℃、泥龄为20 d时,最优运行参数为:水力停留时间9h、DO2 mg/L、外回流比80％、内回流比200％,此时COD、NH3-N和TN去除率分别为76.4％～78.2％、95....     

H2O和SO2对V2O5-WO3/TiO2催化剂催化氧化NO的影响

研究了在120℃的反应温度下,H2O和SO2对V2O5-WO3/TiO2催化剂选择性催化氧化（SCO）NO的影响。结果表明,在H2O和SO2存在的情况下催化剂失活很快,停止通入H2O和SO2后活性不能恢复,但在加热到250℃后催化活性基本恢复。FT-IR分析表明,催化剂表面形成了金属硝酸盐和Ti的硫酸盐,对催化活性有一定影响,但不影响催化剂在250℃下催化活性的恢复。SO2、H2O和NO的竞争吸附与SO2和NO2的铅室反应是影响催化剂活性的主要原因。