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通过采用GDX-502富集,GC-MS分析,对城市河流、湖库中的痕量有机污染物进行分析,共检出58种有机污染物,其中含有多种美国EPA公布的重点污染物,从而为痕量有机污染物的研究建立了灵敏度高,分辨率好的测试方法。 相似文献
373.
环境中有机污染物的半导体光催化降解研究进展 总被引:24,自引:1,他引:23
应用半导体二氧化钛光催化剂促进氧化降解环境中常见有机污染物是一种有效的清洁处理技术,对光催化活性的半导体的必要性质,影响光催化效率的内在因素以及反应器,反应条件等方面的因素进行了讨论。 相似文献
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Manure amendment in agricultural practice can have a large effect on herbicide dissipation because the period of manure plowing is close to the period of herbicide application. In addition, manure amendment is among the frequently encountered options in ameliorating pesticide pollution. In this research, the dissipation of the herbicide pendimethalin was examined after amendment with two common green manures, Lupinus luteus (L) or Cosmos bipinnatus (C), for 110 days in pH 5.2 and 7.7 soils (Sankengtzu [Sk] and Erhlin [Eh] soil, respectively). The microbial activity and ecology changes were examined by using Biolog EcoPlate and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). In Sk soil, the half-lives of pendimethalin with L, C, and blank treatment were 49.0, 54.9, and 62.2 days, respectively, whereas that in Eh soil they were 46.3, 52.6, and 34.8 days, respectively. Pendimethalin dissipated quickly in more neutral soil (Eh soil), but the addition of manure can only increase the dissipation rate in acidic soil (Sk soil), indicating that the amendment of manures exerted different effect in pendimethalin dissipation rates in different pH soils. The application of pendimethalin and/or manure altered the microbial community activity after 24 h of incubation. After 110 days, the microbial community activities in green manure–amended soil were more similar to that with blank than pendimethalin treatment in both types of soils. In comparison with treatment C, microbial communities were more similar between treatment L and blank, indicating the superior effect over pendimethalin on microbial communities when applying Lupinus luteus. The research showed that the application of herbicide pendimethalin changed soil microbial community, and the amendment of manures exerted different effect in pendimethalin dissipation rates in different pH soils. It is assumed that the change in dissipation rates was originated from the microbial community change after different manure amendment. 相似文献
377.
Jing Gu Hongtao Yu Xie Quan Shuo Chen Junfeng Niu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2020,14(4):72
378.
简述了PFASs在长江流域上、中、下游水环境中的空间分布格局和时间变化趋势,探讨了其生物蓄积效应、淡水生物毒性效应和生态风险评价。指出,PFASs广泛赋存于长江流域从上游至下游的干流和支流及湖泊之中,其平均值低于我国其他主要流域;PFOA在长江流域内环境浓度最高,而PFOS在近10年环境管控措施下浓度降至极低,PFBS、PFBA和PFHxA等短链物质正作为替代物使用,可能在未来出现升高趋势。长江流域内水生动物(包括食用鱼类)能够从环境中富集PFASs并通过食物链传输,在其血液、肌肉和内脏中蓄积。虽然目前长江流域生态风险评价表明PFASs总体上风险为低级,但局部高浓度地区仍可能对敏感生物造成基因表达受损等毒性效应。 相似文献
379.
Ouchen Cai Yuanxiao Xiong Haijun Yang Jinyong Liu Hui Wang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2020,14(3):50
380.
The importance of physico-chemical parameters on the speciation of natural radionuclides in riverine ecosystems 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
External gamma radiation levels were measured in the catchment areas of the Sharavathi River and the dose rates in air were found to be in the range 26.0-61.0 nGy h−1. Soil and sediment samples of the riverine environment were analysed for natural radionuclides such as 226Ra, 232Th and 40K using a NaI(Tl) gamma spectrometer. The activity concentration of 210Pb and 210Po in soil and sediment samples was determined by radiochemical separation techniques. Evaluation of the activity concentration of radionuclides with grain size revealed an increase in the activity of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K towards fine grain size. The activity concentrations for all isotopes in all samples were not significantly correlated with pH. However, the activity of 210Po and 210Pb in sediment showed a moderate positive correlation with organic matter content and a good correlation with clay content of sediment. 相似文献