全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1053篇 |
免费 | 34篇 |
国内免费 | 302篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 39篇 |
废物处理 | 48篇 |
环保管理 | 112篇 |
综合类 | 575篇 |
基础理论 | 157篇 |
污染及防治 | 345篇 |
评价与监测 | 88篇 |
社会与环境 | 24篇 |
灾害及防治 | 1篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 28篇 |
2022年 | 28篇 |
2021年 | 45篇 |
2020年 | 38篇 |
2019年 | 39篇 |
2018年 | 37篇 |
2017年 | 41篇 |
2016年 | 46篇 |
2015年 | 52篇 |
2014年 | 65篇 |
2013年 | 112篇 |
2012年 | 72篇 |
2011年 | 103篇 |
2010年 | 59篇 |
2009年 | 67篇 |
2008年 | 64篇 |
2007年 | 57篇 |
2006年 | 55篇 |
2005年 | 44篇 |
2004年 | 39篇 |
2003年 | 49篇 |
2002年 | 31篇 |
2001年 | 27篇 |
2000年 | 35篇 |
1999年 | 25篇 |
1998年 | 24篇 |
1997年 | 24篇 |
1996年 | 12篇 |
1995年 | 12篇 |
1994年 | 17篇 |
1993年 | 19篇 |
1992年 | 14篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1389条查询结果,搜索用时 18 毫秒
991.
S. Paramasivam K. Jayaraman Takela C. Wilson Ashok K. Alva Luma Kelson Leandra B. Jones 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(3):317-324
Ammonia (NH3) emission from livestock manures used in agriculture reduces N uptake by crops and negatively impacts air quality. This laboratory study was conducted to evaluate NH3emission from different livestock manures applied to two soils: Candler fins sand (CFS; light-textured soil, pH 6.8 and field capacity soil water content of 70 g kg? 1) from Lake Alfred, Florida and Ogeechee loamy sand (OLS; medium-textured soil, pH 5.2 and field capacity soil water content of 140 g kg? 1) from Savannah, Georgia. Poultry litter (PL) collected from a poultry farm near Douglas, Georgia, and fresh solid separate of swine manure (SM) collected from a farm near Clinton, North Carolina were used. Each of the soil was weighed in 100 g sub samples and amended with either PL or SM at rates equivalent to either 0, 2.24, 5.60, 11.20, or 22.40 Mg ha? 1 in 1L Mason jars and incubated in the laboratory at field capacity soil water content for 19 days to monitor NH3 volatilization. Results indicated a greater NH3 loss from soils amended with SM compared to that with PL. The cumulative NH3volatilization loss over 19 days ranged from 4 to 27% and 14 to 32% of total N applied as PL and SM, respectively. Volatilization of NH3 was greater from light-textured CFS than that from medium-textured OLS. Volatilization loss increased with increasing rates of manure application. Ammonia volatilization was lower at night time than that during the day time. Differences in major factors such as soil water content, temperature, soil type and live stock manure type influenced the diurnal variation in volatilization loss of NH3 from soils. A significant portion (> 50%) of cumulative NH3 emission over 19 d occurred during the first 5–7 d following the application of livestock manures. Results of this study demonstrate that application of low rates of livestock manure (≤ 5.60 Mg ha? 1) is recommended to minimize NH3 emissions. 相似文献
992.
993.
Precursors and nitrogen origins of trichloronitromethane and dichloroacetonitrile during chlorination/chloramination 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The formation of trichloronitromethane (TCNM) and dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN) was investigated during chlorination and chloramination of 31 organic nitrogen (org-N) compounds, including amino acids, amines, dipeptides, purines, pyrimidones and pyrroles. Tryptophan and alanine generated the greatest amount of TCNM during chlorination process and asparagine and tyrosine yielded the highest amount of TCNM during chloramination process. Tryptophan, tyrosine, asparagine, and alanine produced more DCAN than other org-N compounds regardless of chlorination or chloramination. TCNM and DCAN formation was higher by chlorination than by chloramination. NH2Cl:org-N molar ratios, reaction time, and pH affected N-DBPs formation in varying degrees. TCNM and DCAN yields were usually high during chloramination of tyrosine, asparagine, and methylpyrrole under the following reaction conditions: NH2Cl:org-N molar ratios greater than 10, reaction time for 1 d, and at pH 7.2. NH2Cl as a major nitrogen origin in TCNM and DCAN was confirmed via labeled 15N-monochloramine during chloramination of tyrosine, asparagine and methylpyrrole. In contrast, the majority of nitrogen in TCNM originated from glycine, and that in DCAN originated from pyrrole. Based on the intermediates identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), a pathway scheme was proposed for TCNM and DCAN formation. 相似文献
994.
995.
996.
Water concentrations of PCDD/Fs, HCB, and non-ortho, mono-ortho, and non-dioxin-like PCBs were measured four times during 1 year in a coastal area of the Baltic Sea, to investigate background levels and distribution behaviour. Sampling sites included two rivers, an estuary, and the sea. Particulate and apparently dissolved concentrations were determined using active sampling (filters + PUFs), while freely dissolved concentrations were determined using passive sampling (POM-samplers). The distribution between particulate + colloidal and freely dissolved phases, in the form of TOC-normalized distribution ratios (KTOC), was found to be near or at equilibrium. The observed KTOC were not significantly different between sampling sites or seasons. For PCDD/Fs, the concentrations were significantly correlated to suspended particulate matter (SPM), while no correlation to organic carbon (TOC) was observed. In the estuary and the sea, PCB concentrations were correlated to TOC. The sorption of various congeners to SPM and TOC appeared to be related to both hydrophobicity and 3D-structure. The PCDD/F concentration in the sea decreased to one third in May, likely connected to the increased vertical flux of particles during the spring bloom. 相似文献
997.
The study was aimed to examine total concentrations and pools of Hg in surface layers of soils in the Karkonosze Mountains, dependent on soil properties and site locality. Soil samples were collected from a litter layer and the layers 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm, at 68 sites belonging to the net of a monitoring system, in two separate areas, and in three altitudinal zones: below 900 m, 900-1100 m, and over 1100 m. Air-borne pollution was the major source of mercury in soils. Hg has accumulated mainly in the litter (where its concentrations were the highest), and in the layer 0-10 cm. Hg concentrations in all samples were in the range 0.04-0.97 mg kg−1, with mean values 0.38, 0.28, and 0.14 mg kg−1 for litter and the layers 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm, respectively. The highest Hg concentrations in the litter layer were found in the intermediate altitudinal zone, whereas Hg concentrations in the layer 0-10 cm increased with increasing altitude. Soil quality standard for protected areas (0.50 mg kg−1) was exceeded in a few sites. The pools of Hg accumulated in soils were in the range: 0.8-84.8 mg m−2, with a mean value of 16.5 mg m−2, and they correlated strongly with the pools of stored organic matter. 相似文献
998.
In recent years, sludge generated in sewage treatment plants (STPs) and solid waste from livestock being utilized is useful for circulation of nourishment in farmlands as recycled organic manure (ROM). In this study, we determined the residue levels and patterns of 12 pharmaceutical products generated by human activity in the ROMs produced from human waste sludge (HWS), sewage sludge (SS), cattle manure (CM), poultry manure (PM), swine manure (SM) and horse manure (HM).The kind and number of pharmaceutical products detected in ROMs were different. Fluoroquinolones (FQs) were detected at high levels in HWS and SS samples. In addition, the detection frequency and concentration levels of sulfonamides (SAs) in PM and SM were high. Moreover, high concentrations of chlortetracycline (CTC) were found in only SM. These differences reflect specific adherence adsorption of the pharmaceutical products to different livestock and humans. Moreover, it was found that the concentrations of pharmaceutical products and fermentation levels of ROMs had significant positive correlation (r = 0.41, p = 0.024).When the fermentation test of ROM was conducted in a rotary fermentor in a lab scale test, the residue levels of pharmaceutical products decreased effectively except carbamazepine (CBZ). The rates of decrease were in the case of tetracyclines (TCs): 85-92%, FQs: 81-100%, erythromycine: 67%, SAs: 79-95%, trimethoprim: 86% and CBZ: 37% by 30 d. Pharmaceutical products that can be decomposed by fermentation process at the lowest impact of residual antibiotic activities may therefore be considered as environmentally friendly medicines. 相似文献
999.
Variation with depth and time of organic matter (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus), inorganic pollutant (mercury), as well as bacterial abundance and activity, were investigated for the first time in sediment profiles of different parts of Lake Geneva (Switzerland) over the last decades. The highest organic contents (about 32%), mercury concentration (27 mg kg−1), bacterial abundance (in order of 9 × 109 cell g−1 dry sediment), and bacterial activity (1299 Relative Light Units (RLU)) were found in the highly polluted sediments contaminated by the waste water treatment plant (WWTP) discharge, which deposited during the period of cultural eutrophication. Such data, which contrast with the other sampled sites from deeper and more remote parts of the lake, prove that the organic matter and nutrients released from the municipal WWTP have considerable effects on bacterial abundance and activities in freshwater sediments. In fact, the relatively unpolluted deepwater sites and the coastal polluted site show large synchronous increases in bacterial densities linked to the anoxic conditions in the 1970s (lake eutrophication caused by external nutrient input) that subsequently increased the nutrient loading fluxes. These results show that the microbial activities response to natural or human-induced changing limnological conditions (e.g., nutrient supply, oxygen availability, redox conditions) constitutes a threat to the security of water resources, which in turn poses concerns for the world’s freshwater resources in the context of global warming and the degradation of water quality (oxygen depletion in the bottom water due to reduced deep waters mixing). Moreover, the accumulation of inorganic pollutants such as high mercury (methyl-mercury) concentration may represent a significant source of toxicity for sediment dwelling organisms. 相似文献
1000.
Bodin N N'Gom Ka R Le Loc'h F Raffray J Budzinski H Peluhet L Tito de Morais L 《Chemosphere》2011,84(3):318-327
The surface sediments, two bivalves (Arca senilis and Crassostera gasar) and three gastropods (Conus spp., Hexaplex duplex and Pugilina morio) from two Senegalese stations, Falia (Sine-Saloum Estuary) and Fadiouth (Petite Côte), were analyzed for their pollutant organic persistent contamination (polychlorinated biphenyls PCBs; organochlorinated pesticides OCPs; polybrominated diphenyl ethers PBDEs). Results revealed significant levels of PCBs, DDTs and lindane in mangrove sediments ranging from 0.3 to 19.1, 0.3 to 15.9, and 0.1 to 1.9 ng g−1 d.w., respectively. Among the other POPs analysed, only hexachlorobenzene, heptachlor and trans-nonachlor for OCPs, as well as BDE47 and BDE99 congeners for PBDEs were detected at very low concentrations, generally not of concern. POP levels and patterns were in good accordance with literature data available for other tropical developing countries. A seasonal quantitative difference was highlighted with higher levels of PCBs and DDTs in sediments after the wet season, likely due to the strong wash-out of residues from inland to the marine ecosystems during the rainy season. The observed pattern of DDT and its metabolites pointed out probable recent applications of DDT for public health emergencies in Senegal. Exploited molluscs were exposed to the same POP compounds as those measured in sediments. They presented OCP levels within the same range as in sediments, while significant higher concentrations of PCBs were observed in shellfish soft tissues revealing a higher bioaccumulation potential mainly due to the lipophilicity of these compounds. Finally, the influence of the reproduction cycle on POP levels through lipid content variations was highlighted, minimizing potential differences in POP bioaccumulation between shellfish species. From an ecotoxicological and public health point of view, results from this study revealed that POPs in sediments from the Petite Côte and the Sine-Saloum Estuary would not cause toxic effects and impairments in molluscs from these regions, and that no potential risk exists for human, especially local populations, through mangrove shellfish consumption. 相似文献