Dynamics of Restoration Processes in the Idle Solonetz Ecosystems in the Southern Transural Region

The initial period of idleness in the solonetz ecosystems of the southern Transural Region is characterized by a significant variability of their soil–plant communities, which is determined by natural periodicity and general direction of the process of ecosystem restoration. Selective consumption of salinizing ions by the plants growing on idle land activates the development of desalinization processes.     

臭氧对南京市环境空气质量的影响研究

作者选取了2015年南京市国控空气自动监测站点的臭氧监测数据,通过不同角度分析,探讨了臭氧对南京市环境空气质量的影响.研究表明:南京市O3-8第90百分位数全年平均为171μg/m3,超出标准限值0.07倍;其中夏季数值最高,春末和秋初次之,冬季最低;南京O3逐时日变化呈明显"单峰型"特征,且不同季节曲线趋势基本一致,夏季、春季和秋季小时样本数均有超标,冬季全部达标;南京市全年O3-8超标率13.7%,O3是仅次于PM2.5的影响南京市环境空气质量的首要污染物,夏季尤为明显.     

高铁酸钾与O3对有机磷农药的去除效力对比及应用前景

本文介绍了臭氧/高铁酸钾技术降解有机磷农药的基本化学机理以及在国内外的研究现状,从五个方面对比了臭氧和高铁酸钾去除有机磷农药的的优劣性,分析了今后有机磷农药降解的研究方向。     

Apoplastic ascorbate contributes to the differential ozone sensitivity in two varieties of winter wheat under fully open-air field conditions

We studied leaf apoplastic ascorbates in relation to ozone (O₃) sensitivity in two winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties: Yangfumai 2 (Y2) and Yangmai 16 (Y16). The plants were exposed to elevated O₃ concentration 27% higher than the ambient O₃ concentration in a fully open-air field from tillering stage until final maturity. The less sensitive variety Y16 had higher concentration of reduced ascorbate in the apoplast and leaf tissue by 33.5% and 12.0%, respectively, than those in the more sensitive variety Y2, whereas no varietal difference was detected in the decline of reduced ascorbate concentration in response to elevated O₃. No effects of O₃ or variety were detected in either oxidized ascorbate or the redox state of ascorbate in the apoplast and leaf tissue. The lower ascorbate concentrations in both apoplast and leaf tissue should have contributed to the higher O₃ sensitivity in variety Y2.     

Community Tolerance Comparison As A New and Sensitive Ecotoxicological Tool

The demonstration of an increased tolerance to a pollutant is direct evidence that this pollutant has presented a selection pressure upon a population or community. Recently, pollution-induced community tolerance (PICT) has been applied to the benthic community in a metal-enriched estuary to establish causal linkage between observed changes in community structure and composition and the presence of copper. This paper describes the rationale and methodology behind applying PICT to the marine benthic environment, and shows it to be a sensitive ecotoxicological tool. It also presents a case study, demonstrating how a PICT investigation has aided the interpretation of changes in a benthic community, establishing a causal linkage between these changes in the community and the presence of a specific pollutant.     

Comparisons of WRF/Chem simulated O3 concentrations in Mexico City with ground-based RAMA measurements during the MILAGRO period

This work compares the WRF/Chem (Weather Research and Forecasting – Chemistry) simulated O₃ concentrations in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) with measurements from the ground-based RAMA network during the MILAGRO (Megacity Initiative: Local and Global Research Observations) period. The model resolves the observations reasonably well in terms of diurnal cycle and mean magnitude as reflected by high correlation coefficients and low root-mean-square errors. Stations located in the center of the MCMA generally exhibit higher correlation coefficients and lower model biases than those stations located in the peripheral of the MCMA. Large temporal variations in the observed and simulated O₃ concentrations are noted from station to station during the MILAGRO period. Sensitivity analyses of O₃ concentrations to changes in NO_x and VOC emissions rates suggest that O₃ production in the MCMA is VOC-sensitive, and VOC-emissions reduction appears to be an effective strategy for reducing high surface O₃ concentrations in the MCMA.     

Characteristics of an Ozone Deposition Module

An ozone deposition module is being developed to allow the estimation of stomatal fluxes of ozone into a number of vegetation types. This model is designed to be linked into a regional chemical-transport model for use within the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP), to provide information on possible risks to vegetation across Europe. This paper investigates some characteristics of this deposition module, for sites in very different climate zones. The model results suggest that both stomatal and non-stomatal fluxes are comparable in magnitude.     

臭氧对减少发动机排放污染物的分析与高效臭氧发生方法的研究

本文通过臭氧对汽车排放的影响和电感放电的特性的分析，介绍了新型电感放电装置控制电路的工作原理和高效放电指叉的工作方法。     

Free-air fumigation of mature trees. A novel system for controlled ozone enrichment in grown-up beech and spruce canopies

A novel system for continuous and controlled free-air fumigation of mature tree canopies with ozone is described. Ozone generated from oxygen is diluted with air in a pressurized tank and conducted into the canopies by a system of 100 PTFE tubes hanging down from a grid fixed above the crowns. With 45 calibrated outlets per tube providing a constant flow of 0.3 l/min each, a total volume of about 10*10*15 m3 comprising 5 beech and 5 spruce canopies is fumigated. The spatial ozone distribution in the fumigated volume as well as surrounding reference tree canopies is controlled by continuous measuring instruments installed at 4 levels and a dense array of passive samplers. The system will later be used for CO2 fumigation as well. Results of the first year of continuous operation, with 2 * ambient ozone levels having been achieved, are reported.