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341.
通过批次吸附实验及介观和谱学等表征方法,研究了大肠杆菌(E.coli)粉末对水体中U(Ⅵ)的富集行为和吸附模型,并对其作用产物进行了详细分析.结果表明:大肠杆菌对初始浓度为50mg/L U(Ⅵ)溶液(pH=5)的吸附容量可达到276.89mg/g.Langmuir等温模型和准二级动力学方程能较好的描述其吸附过程. FTIR、SEM-EDS、XRD分析结果表明:在与水体中U(VI)作用后,大肠杆菌表面检测出UO22+的红外特征峰(876.16cm-1)和U的能谱吸收峰(结合能=2.4~4.4keV).UO22+主要与菌体表面的烷基、氨基、羧基、分子间氢键发生作用,重点与PO2-、P(OH)2、PO43-以及PO3-等含P基团进行络合配位,最终产物以CaU(PO4)2、Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2·xH2O、NaUO2(PO3)3等铀的磷酸盐形式存在. 相似文献
342.
PAHs were sampled in ten homes in the Makwanpur region, Nepal. SPMDs and moss bags (Sphagnum girgensohnii) were used as passive samplers. Soot particles on the SPMD surfaces were also analyzed for PAHs. The overall PAH concentrations in SPMDs were significantly higher than those in moss bags. Total PAH mean concentrations of ten houses were 535μg/g lipid for SPMDs and 7.2 μg/g moss (dw) for moss bags. Ratios of phenanthrene/anthracene in indoor SPMDs and particulate matter varied from 2.9 to 3.5 and ratios of fluoranthene/pyrene varied from 1.1 to 1.4. The values for moss bags were respectively 1.7–3.6 and 0.8–2.4. These ratios indicate that the PAHs are from combustion origin. The PAH concentrations in ambient air were estimated as B(a)P TEQs and they were 17–64 times higher than acceptable limit for Finnish community air. Based on PAH levels in the gas phase (SPMD) we may expect PAHs to have an impact on respiratory disease prevalence in Nepalese villages. Both of the sampling methods were feasible in the difficult conditions under which the study was performed. 相似文献
343.
The inhibition of arylamine N‐acetyltransferase (NAT) activity by ellagic acid was determined in a human colon tumor (adenocarcinoma) cell line. Two assay systems were performed, one with cellular cytosols (9000g supernatant), the other with intact colon tumor cell suspensions. The NAT activity in a human colon tumor cell line was inhibited by ellagic acid in a dose‐dependent manner in both types of examined systems: i.e. the greater the concentration of ellagic acid in the reaction, the greater the inhibition of NAT activities in both systems. The data also indicated that ellagic acid decreased the apparent K m and V max of NAT enzymes from human colon tumor cells in both the systems examined. This report is the first demonstration which showed ellagic acid affect human colon tumor cell NAT activity. 相似文献
344.
鲨鱼皮微复制技术在抗菌防护领域中的应用研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
沈广义 《中国个体防护装备》2010,(6):13-15
生物制造工程是在生命科学和仿生学基础上建立起来的前沿科技,通过基因复制、生物去除、生物生长、生物约束等方法将生物体特质直接复制到模具上,从而赋予产品特定的使用功能。本文通过对鲨鱼皮肤的分析论述了其抗菌机理以及利用生物约束成型技术将新鲜鲨鱼皮微结构复制到模具上的工艺流程。 相似文献
345.
Trail PW 《Environmental management》2006,38(4):532-544
Oil production operations produce waste fluids that may be stored in pits, open tanks, and other sites accessible to wildlife.
Birds visit these fluid-filled pits and tanks (“oil pits”), which often resemble water sources, and may become trapped and
die. The US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) has a program to reduce these impacts by locating problem pits, documenting
mortality of protected wildlife species, and seeking cleanup or corrective action at problem pits with the help of state and
federal agencies regulating the oil industry. Species identification and verification of protected status for birds recovered
from oil pits are performed at the USFWS National Fish and Wildlife Forensics Laboratory. From 1992 to 2005, a minimum of
2060 individual birds were identified from remains recovered from oil pits, representing 172 species from 44 families. The
taxonomic and ecological diversity of these birds indicates that oil pits pose a threat to virtually all species of birds
that encounter them. Ninety-two percent of identified bird remains belonged to protected species. Most remains identified
at the Forensics Laboratory were from passerines, particularly ground-foraging species. Based on Forensics Laboratory and
USFWS field data, oil pits currently cause the deaths of 500,000–1 million birds per year. Although law enforcement and industry
efforts have produced genuine progress on this issue, oil pits remain a significant source of mortality for birds in the United
States. 相似文献
346.
长期氮(N)沉降及其诱导的N、磷(P)养分平衡性对森林生长与生产力的生态反馈效应已成为当前森林生态学研究的前沿与热点,但目前大多研究主要基于已有文献数据整合分析,而缺乏野外原位系统性研究与试验证据.以西南亚高山两种典型人工针叶林——云杉(Picea asperata)林和华山松(Pinus armandii)林为对象,... 相似文献
347.
348.
采用B-P算法的人工神经网络,对选定的标准样本进行训练,用训练结束后网络的稳定权值和阈值,并结合标准样本的网络输出,即可对环境监测样点进行优选。应用于大气环境监测优化布点的实例结果表明,人工神经网络用于环境监测优化布点是可行的 相似文献
349.
350.
富营养水体中浮游植物生长的营养限制研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
选取位于武汉城郊汤逊湖畔的30个养殖池塘作为研究对象,运用营养盐加富试验评价了浮游植物生长的氮磷限制类型。研究发现这些池塘的氮磷含量均较高,尤其是TP,绝大部分都在0.4 mg/L以上,TN/TP(原子比)变化范围为1.7~20.3。相关分析显示,浮游植物的生物量与氮素(TN,TDN,NO3-,NH4+,NO2-)显著正相关(r=0.402~0.677,P<0.05);但与磷素(TP,TDP,PO43-)无显著相关性(P>0.05)。营养盐加富试验显示浮游植物群落对加N的响应程度要显著大于加P;受N限制的池塘数量占50%;P限制的占13.3%;N、P共同限制的占23.3%;而不受N、P影响的仅占13.3%。这些结果表明:在富营养的水体中,当TP浓度>0.4 mg/L且TN/TP<20时,N是限制浮游植物生长的主要因子,P处于第二位。 相似文献