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排序方式: 共有113条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
41.
环境补偿费的征收与转嫁 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
运用经济学基本原理分析了征收环境补偿费的理论依据,论述了在征收过程中可能对物价带来的影响以及环境补偿的转嫁问题。征收环境补偿是解决环境问题,实现可持续发展的重要手段。 相似文献
42.
Su Yean Teh Donald L. DeAngelis Leonel da Silveira Lobo Sternberg Fernando R. Miralles-Wilhelm Thomas J. Smith Hock-Lye Koh 《Ecological modelling》2008
Sharp boundaries typically separate the salinity tolerant mangroves from the salinity intolerant hardwood hammock species, which occupy the similar geographical areas of southern Florida. Evidence of strong feedback between tree community-type and the salinity of the unsaturated (vadose) zone of the soil suggests that a severe disturbance that significantly tilts the salinity in the vadose zone might cause a shift from one vegetation type to the other. In this study, a model based upon the feedback dynamics between vegetation and salinity of the vadose zone of the soil was used to take account of storm surge events to investigate the mechanisms that by which this large-scale disturbance could affect the spatial pattern of hardwood hammocks and mangroves. Model simulation results indicated that a heavy storm surge that completely saturated the vadose zone at 30 ppt for 1 day could lead to a regime shift in which there is domination by mangroves of areas previously dominated by hardwood hammocks. Lighter storm surges that saturated the vadose zone at less than 7 ppt did not cause vegetation shifts. Investigations of model sensitivity analysis indicated that the thickness of the vadose zone, coupled with precipitation, influenced the residence time of high salinity in the vadose zone and therefore determined the rate of mangrove domination. The model was developed for a southern Florida coastal ecosystem, but its applicability may be much broader. 相似文献
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基于偏离-份额和灰色关联分析法的广西入境旅游产业结构分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
运用偏离-份额法分析了广西入境旅游产业结构的竞争优劣势,并采用灰色系统关联度分析法对广西入境旅游业各部门收入与入境旅游外汇总收入之间的关联度进行了分析.结果表明,在2000-2007年相对于全国入境旅游产业而言,广西的游览、娱乐部门有一定的竞争优势,但与旅游外汇收入的关联度低,所占比重小;长途交通、商品销售部门与旅游外汇收入的关联度分别排第一、第二位;但缺乏竞争优势,结构效益较差;邮电通讯、餐饮、住宿、市内交通部门的关联度较大,处于竞争劣势或弱势地位;其他服务部门关联度最小,缺乏竞争力.指出了广西入境旅游产业结构存在的主要问题,提出了产业优化建议. 相似文献
44.
Ramona Maggini Anthony LehmannMarc Kéry Hans SchmidMartin Beniston Lukas JenniNiklaus Zbinden 《Ecological modelling》2011,222(1):21-32
Climate change is affecting biodiversity worldwide inducing species to either “move, adapt or die”. In this paper we propose a conceptual framework for analysing range shifts, namely a catalogue of the possible patterns of change in the distribution of a species along elevational or other environmental gradients and an improved quantitative methodology to identify and objectively describe these patterns. Patterns are defined in terms of changes occurring at the leading, trailing or both edges of the distribution: (a) leading edge expansion, (b) trailing edge retraction, (c) range expansion, (d) optimum shift, (e) expansion, (f) retraction, and (g) shift. The methodology is based on the modelling of species distributions along a gradient using generalized additive models (GAMs). Separate models are calibrated for two distinct periods of assessment and response curves are compared over five reference points. Changes occurred at these points are formalized into a code that ultimately designates the corresponding change pattern. We tested the proposed methodology using data from the Swiss national common breeding bird survey. The elevational distributions of 95 bird species were modelled for the periods 1999-2002 and 2004-2007 and significant upward shifts (all patterns confounded) were identified for 35% of the species. Over the same period, an increase in mean temperature was registered for Switzerland. In consideration of the short period covered by the case study, assessed change patterns are considered to correspond to intermediate patterns in an ongoing shifting process. However, similar patterns can be determined by habitat barriers, land use/land cover changes, competition with concurrent or invasive species or different warming rates at different elevations. 相似文献
45.
Circadian Rhythm of Heart Rate,Urinary Cortisol Excretion,and Sleep in Civil Air Traffic Controllers
Krystyna Zużewicz Krzysztof Kwarecki Jim Waterhouse 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2013,19(3):383-392
The examination of Air Traffic Controllers (ATCs) from the Warsaw Airport (Poland) included 24-hr ECG monitoring. The participants were 10 civil ATCs, 9 males and 1 woman. The study was carried out on a group of 19 ATCs during their duty periods, 14 of them working 12-hr shifts and 5 performing 24-hr duties. The participants collected urine every 4 hrs, and Cortisol concentration was determined. Further, the survey included the quality and duration of sleep, and subjective fatigue in the 62 participants.In ATCs, shift work modifies natural rhythms of the circulatory system and decreases the ability for intensified mental work at night. In consequence ATCs experience frequent sleep disorders. 相似文献
46.
Combined Effects of Physical Demands and Shift Working on Low Back Disorders Among Nursing Personnel
Saeed Raeisi Mohamad Namvar Majid Golabadi 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2013,19(1):159-166
The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic effects of physical demands and shift working on low back disorders (LBDs) among nursing personnel. The study used 2 questionnaires: a self-administered questionnaire composed of parts of Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire to assess LBDs and job content questionnaire to assess physical demands. The participants were divided into 4 groups: from group 1 (low physical demands day workers) to group 4 (high physical demands shift workers). In regression analysis, high physical demands were associated with the prevalence of LBDs independently (OR 4.4, 95% CI [2.40, 8.00] and p < .05), but there was no association between shift working and LBDs (p > .05). Odds ratio in high physical demands shift workers was 9.33 compared to the reference group (p < .001). Calculated synergistic index was 7.37. Simultaneous impacts of shift working and high physical demands may increase the prevalence of LBDs among nursing personnel. 相似文献
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用温度敏感型菌株发酵生产L-谷氨酸不存在生物素亚适量问题,因此该方法在国际上被广泛使用.通常采用对出发菌株进行传统诱变的方法获得温度敏感型菌株.以谷氨酸棒杆菌CICC 10226为出发菌株,先克隆其ItsA基因,然后通过基因敲除的方法构建了突变菌株Corynebacterium glutamicum WT ΔL,该菌株同时具有温度敏感性和溶菌酶敏感性.经透射式电子显微镜观察发现,于38℃培养的突变株细胞与在30℃培养的同一种细胞相比,细胞明显增大,而出发菌株无该现象.发酵试验表明,在生物素过量的情况下,在发酵进入细胞产酸期后通过将发酵温度从原来的30℃提高到38℃,温度敏感突变株的产酸量增加近5倍.如果在发酵培养基巾添加适量的琥珀酸和乙酸,该菌株与不添加的在30℃培养的对照相比,产酸量增加近6.5倍.对于野生型出发菌株而言,在生物素过量的情况下,无论是否采用变温发酵方法都几乎不产酸.说明温度敏感突变株即使在生物素过量的情况下也能通过变温发酵诱导其合成并分泌产生L-谷氨酸.图10表1参13 相似文献
50.
Junhong Yang Xuyang Cui Yuanzheng Feng Guangning Jing Ligai Kang Mengyuan Luo 《International Journal of Green Energy》2017,14(15):1269-1276
Microalgae have been identified as a superior feedstock for biodiesel production and varied tubular photobioreactors are developed for high efficient and scale-up microalgae cultivation. This article presented a novel concentric double tubes using aeration through radial pores along the length direction of inner tube. Experiments on microalgae cultivation were carried out in the novel photobioreactor, and two control groups including concentric double tubes with axial aeration at both ends and common tubular. The biomass productivity of novel photobioreactor increased by 43.6% and 107.4%, respectively, compared with concentric double tubes with axial aeration at both ends and common tubular without aeration. The values of pH shifted from 7.5 to 9.0 for novel photobioreactor, but 7.5 to 8.8 for common tubular, and 7.5 to 9.6 for concentric double tubes with axial aeration. The dissolved oxygen concentration fluctuated between 6.0 and 7.0 mg·L?1 for novel photobioreactor, but rose from 6.6 to 10.2 mg·L?1 for the common tubular, and 6.9 to 8.1 mg·L?1 for the concentric with axial aeration. Results show that the aeration style of novel photobioreactor can make efficient local mixing and maintain smaller range of pH and lower level of dissolved oxygen in case of higher biomass concentration. Moreover, compared with the two control groups, the novel concentric double tubes have advantages on the light/dark cycle frequency, which may be benefit for microalgae cultivation. The novel concentric double tubes presented in this work can give some inspiration for high efficiency microalgae cultivation. 相似文献