黄青线高、低凝点原油混输时出站油温的确定

黄青线输送的油品种类较多,既有高凝油也有低凝油,温度控制不当会出现"凝管"等事故,出站油温是保证管线安全运行的重要参数,文章结合黄青线油品输送进行了计算分析.     

4种农药流失性质的研究

对４种农药的流失性质，进行了实验室和田间的试验研究，结果表明，水溶性农药乐果和杀虫单，有较低的土壤水分配比，较强的渗滤性和淋洗性，较易流失并污染水环境。脂溶性农药氰戊菊酯易被土壤强烈吸附，较难渗及被淋洗，不易流失，对水环境污染较轻。丁草胺的流失性质介于水溶性农药与脂溶性农药之间。     

地幔流体的迁移及影响因素

地幔交代作用实质上是地幔流体与围岩的作用结果 ,对地幔流体迁移方式的研究有助于对地幔交代现象的理解。地幔流体的迁移以平衡孔隙流动 (equilibrium porousflow)和扩散作用为主 ,本文探讨了其迁移的动力学过程 ,温度和压力是最重要的外界控制因素。     

黄淮海平原主要土类中硝态氮水平运移规律

对黄淮海平源的主要土壤类型（黄潮土和风沙土）中硝态氮水平运移规律进行了研究。结果表明：硝态氮水平运移速率随供试示踪剂源的距离增加而迅速减小,其变化趋势呈幂函数关系。由于各土层的土壤性质不同,所以硝态氮的运移风线发生差异,但总的趋势是离示踪剂源20cm距离内,硝态氮的水平运移速率主要由硝态氮的浓度梯度和水势梯度控制,而在20cm以后趋于平稳,则主要由土壤的基质势起作用。硝态氮水平运移速率随土壤含水量的增大而升高,并呈指数曲线变化。硝态氮水平运移的浓度受非饱和土壤水扩散率的影响,并随非饱和土壤水扩散率的升高而呈对数曲线下降。     

入渗条件下土壤中磷离子迁移的数值模拟

针对土壤非均质，边界条件复杂、土壤水分动态变化而且溶质与土壤存在吸持反应的情况，建立了土壤二维对流－弥散溶质迁移的有限元模型，编写了计算机模拟程序。作为模型的初步应用，对４种不同性质的土壤，ＫＨ２ＰＯ４溶液一维水平入渗条件下的迁移进行了数值模拟。结果表明，模拟结果能够很好地与室内土柱实验结果吻合，该模型可以用于研究伴有吸持情况下土壤溶质的迁移规律。另外模拟与实验结果均表明，对于象磷这种与土壤强吸附     

高效降解菌处理多菌灵农药生产废水的研究

从多菌灵农药生产废水的排放口附近土壤中分离得到14株多菌灵生产废水的高效降解菌，其中13号菌能高效降解多菌灵农药。5号菌能高效降解废水中的中间产物邻苯二胺。经鉴定．这2株菌均为假单胞菌(Pseudomonas sp．)。将这14株高效菌混合培养后与活性污泥分别投加到SBR反应器。通过正交试验得到各自的量佳工艺条件．同时比较出水的COD去除率。结果表明。采用高效菌处理多菌灵农药废水．COD去除率比活性污泥法高出29．1％。     

Simulation study on vertical transport of atrazine in soil column

A simulation experiment on vertical transport of herbicide atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine) in soil column was conducted using lysimeter system. The atrazine concentrations in leaching water and soil samples in column at 8 layers with 10 cm thick of each layer were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography. The results show total atrazine amount in leaching water increases nonlinearly with the leaching time and the herbicide application rate, and the atrazine concentrations in column soil decrease with the vertical depth after water leaching. The distribution of atrazine mass in the system after 154 days were that among the applied atrazine, 0.3 ％ is out through leaching water, 1％ is methanol extractable residues in soil, 46 ％ is methanol nonextractable residues in soil, and 52 ％ is other loss (including volatilization and degradation). The study indicates movement of atrazine in agriculture soil may not only have relation to the properties of herbicide, but also to the herbicide application history.     

Detoxification of aqueous solutions of the pesticide “Sevnol” by solar photocatalysis

The solar photodegradation of Sevnol, a commercial pesticide, based on carbaryl as active principle, was studied. Experiments have been carried out at laboratory and at pilot plant scale using titanium dioxide as catalyst. Complete dissappearance of carbaryl was achieved, while total mineralisation required longer irradiation. Active sludge respirometry showed significant detoxification of the solution. Finally, results obtained with commercial Sevnol were consistent with those of pure carbaryl, although the reaction was slower.     

稀土元素在土壤中迁移、转化模型的建立及验证

建立了稀土在褐土土壤中迁移、转化模型，定量评价稀土在土壤中的迁移、转化过程。模型包括土壤中稀土化学热力学平衡体系、土壤水分物理形状和土壤剖面的稀土通量。在中国农业大学内进行了田间实验，对模型进行了验证，模拟值与实测值能很好的拟合。     

Solute Transport in Open-Channel Networks in Unsteady Flow Regime

In this paper we propose a robust algorithm to evaluate solute transport in open-channel networks with transient storage under an unsteady flow regime. In the proposed approach, through the integration of junction equations into the model and solving them explicitly, the analysis of solute transport problems in open-channel networks is simplified significantly. Furthermore, when coupled with a transient hydrodynamic open-channel network model for flow simulation, the proposed model can be utilized in the solution of solute transport problems under unsteady flow regimes. In the proposed model, the governing equations are written in a conservative form and are solved using a fractional-step algorithm, which is based on a relaxation and central difference scheme. The proposed algorithm is robust and accurate even for advection dominant cases. A pure advection with discontinuities, a field application and solute transport in an open-channel network in an unsteady flow regime are included, to demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithm.