Alga-lysing bioreactor and dominant bacteria strain

Alga-lysing bacteria have been paid much attention to in recent years. In this study, the alga-lysing strain P05 which was isolated from an immobilizing biosystem was immobilized by coke and elastic filler, forming two biological reactors. The removal efficiencies of algae, NH4^＋-N and organic matter using the two reactors were studied. The results showed that strain P05 was an ideal algal-lysing bacteria strain because it was easy to be immobilized by coke and elastic filler which are of cheap, low biodegradability and the simple immobilization procedure. After 7 d filming, the biological film could be formed and the reactors were used to treat the eutrophic water. These two reactors were of stability and high effect with low cost and easy operation. The optimal hydraulic retention time （HRT） of each reactor was 4 h. The algae removal rates were 80.38% and 82.1% （in term of Chl-α） of coke reactor and filler reactor, respectively. And that of NH4^＋-N were 52.3% and 52.7%. The removal rates of CODMn were 39.03% and 39.64%. The strain P05 was identified as Bacillus sp. by PCR amplification of the 16S rRNA gene, BLAST analysis, and comparison with sequences in the GenBank nucleotide database.     

Assessing field vulnerability to phosphorus loss in Beijing agricultural area using Revised Field Phosphorus Ranking Scheme

Guanting Reservoir,one of the drinking water supply sources of Beijing,suffers from water eutrophication.It is mainly supplied by Guishui River.Thus,to investigate the reasons of phosphorus(P)loss and improve the P management strategies in Guishui River watershed are important for the safety of drinking water in this region.In this study,a Revised Field P Ranking Scheme(PRS)was developed to reflect the field vulnerability of P loss at the field scale based on the Field PRS.In this new scheme,six factors are included, and each one was assigned a relative weight and a determination method.The affecting factors were classified into transport factors and source factors,and,the standards of environmental quality on surface water and soil erosion classification and degradation of the China were used in this scheme.By the new scheme,thirty-four fields in the Guishui River were categorized as"low","medium"or"high"potential for P loss into the runoff.The results showed that the P loss risks of orchard and vegetable fields were higher than that of corn and soybean fields.The source factors were the main factors to affect P loss from the study area.In the study area,controlling P input and improving P usage efficiency are critical to decrease P loss.Based on the results,it was suggested that more attention should be paid on the fields of vegetable and orchard since they have extremely high usage rate of P and high soil test of E Compared with P surplus by field measurements,the Revised Field PRS was more suitable for reflecting the characteristics of fields,and had higher potential capacity to identify critical source areas of P loss than PRS.     

浮床水蕹菜对养殖水体中营养物的去除效果研究

为研究浮床水蕹菜对池塘养殖水质的改善效果,于2007年6月至11月,在6个2000m2的标准养殖池塘进行了中试研究.3个池塘放养常规鱼类和部分名优鱼类,并利用浮床技术在水面上种植200m2的水蕹菜（Ipomoea aquatica）,另外3个池塘放养相同重量的常规鱼类作为对照塘.实验结果显示,种植塘的渔产量为1467k...     

一株嗜盐聚磷菌的筛选及除磷性能初探

从运行稳定的以生活污水为碳源的污泥中富集分离,并筛选出一株嗜盐聚磷菌qdp05,通过对菌株的形态、生理生化特征及16SrDNA序列进行分析后,鉴定该菌株qdp05为肠杆菌属.当碳源为乙酸钠,盐度为2%的条件下,好氧条件下培养48h后,qdp05对磷的最终去除率为87.8%.在厌氧好氧连续培养过程,qdp05表现出明显的...     

污水地下渗滤系统强化脱氮试验研究

构建了3套以5%炉渣+95%草甸棕壤为基质的地下渗滤系统室内模拟试验装置,在水力负荷为0.1m3/(m2·d)条件下进行了生活污水处理试验.结果表明,当分流位置位于系统内110cm处,分流比为1:1时,可提高地下渗滤对总氮的去除效率,总氮的去除率由59.37%提高至68.41%,且对COD和总磷的去除效果没有影响.     

无砾石微孔管地下渗滤系统试验研究

针对传统无砾石管式地下渗滤系统存在的处理性能差,渗滤通量低两个问题,通过去掉包裹织物,提高渗滤管开孔率、改变开孔方式,设计了无砾石微孔管地下渗滤系统。通过实验研究表明,无砾石微孔管地下渗滤系统对COD、氨氮的去除率比传统管式系统分别提高了10.8%、12.7%,总磷去除率并无显著差异,ORP值提高约85 mV,渗滤通量提高26.8%。在3.3 cm/d的水力负荷下,无砾石微孔管地下渗滤系统出水COD、氨氮、总磷平均浓度分别为19 mg/L,0.62 mg/L,0.048 mg/L。渗滤管下10 cm的土壤层去除了约70%的COD,80%的氨氮和91%的总磷,向下随着土壤深度的增加,单位厚度的土壤层去除的污染物量呈显著下降趋势。     

吸附剂烟气脱砷的研究现状

大气砷污染问题日益引起人们的重视,吸附剂能够在去除烟气中砷的同时去除其他有害气体,是控制烟气砷含量、防止砷污染的有效途径.文章分析了砷在废气中的形态及分布,总结了近年来氧化钙、活性炭、飞灰和金属氧化物作为吸附剂用于烟气脱砷的最新研究进展,重点分析了各自的吸附机理及不同因素对脱砷过程的影响.指出吸附过程通常以化学吸附为主...     

免烧粉煤灰陶粒作为BAF填料处理城市污水

以电厂粉煤灰为主要试验原料,辅以外加药剂(水泥、石灰、石膏、水玻璃),经混合、成球、陈化和养护等工序,制得免烧粉煤灰陶粒,并将其作为曝气生物滤池(BAF)工艺的载体填料处理城市污水.待挂膜启动成功后,考察了水力停留时间( HRT)、COD负荷、氨氮负荷对COD和氨氮去除效果的影响.实验结果表明:在温度为18～21℃、气...     

不同进水条件对SBR工艺脱氮除磷效能的影响

采用人工配水,研究进水在不同pH值,碳源类型,碳氮比条件下,厌氧/好氧/缺氧(A/O/A)sBR工艺对生物法脱氮除磷效能的影响.结果表明:不同的进水条件对反应器的影响较大,当pH值为7.5,乙酸钠为碳源,碳氮比为1.4时,反应器运行效果最佳,系统对PO43--P,NH4+-N的去除率分别达到97.28%,99.5%.N...     

诱导结晶磷回收技术处理低浓度含磷废水研究

诱导结晶技术是近年发展的新型废水处理技术。采用自设计的诱导结晶反应器,反应器形式与Phosnix相似,但结构相对简单,无Phosnix反应器的内外同心筒结构,并增加了过渡区。研究了HRT、[PO43-]、[Ca2+]/[PO43-]对诱导结晶处理低浓度含磷废水的影响规律,并以实验室双泥系统厌氧上清液为原水,考察了结晶反应器长期运行效果。研究表明,在一定范围增加HRT、[PO43-]或[Ca2+]/[PO43-]均可提高磷酸盐去除率,但超过一定数值后,再继续增加对提高磷酸盐去除效果的贡献很小,[PO43-]或[Ca2+]/[PO43-]过高还会导致均相结晶出现,使磷酸盐去除率下降;研究给出了一定条件下的最佳HRT、[PO43-]或[Ca2+]/[PO43-];运行效果试验表明,诱导结晶反应器在进水平均磷酸盐浓度仅为23.6 mg/L的情况下,磷酸盐的平均去除率仍可达到55.2%,该技术在处理低浓度含磷水方面较具应用前景。