Sources of variability in plant toxicity testing

Published literature is investigated regarding the response of plants to various substances to determine the sensitivity of agricultural plants versus other species, the similarity of effects seen at different taxonomic levels, sensitivity of plants growing outdoors versus in a greenhouse, and the sensitivity of different measurement endpoints. We find that agricultural species are not consistently more or less sensitive to the herbicides tested than non-crop species. Genus and family taxonomic groupings may show similar responses among species, but this similarity quickly decreases as the comparison progress between orders and classes. Results from field and greenhouse studies are less in agreement between studies than data from the other topics. Shoot length will be affected at concentrations lower than for other vegetative endpoints for most species tested for inorganic substances, but for organic substances root and shoot mass were more sensitive. Overall, there is no one species or endpoint that is consistently the most sensitive for all species or all chemicals in all soils, and differences in bioavailability among compounds may confound comparison of test results. Therefore, species sensitivity distributions, adjusted for bioavailability when possible, should be considered in order to better evaluate effects to non-target terrestrial plants.     

中小型水泥厂大气污染防治初探

根据机械化立窑水泥生产工艺和设备的特声、，分析中小型水泥厂大气污染的因素和污染防治措施，供环境影响评价和环保工程设计参考．     

NTA和DTPA对小麦幼苗对金属吸收的诱导效应

通过盆栽试验和化学提取实验研究了有机配体NTA和DTPA对小麦对沙土中外源重金属Cd,Cu,Pb和Zn的吸收的影响.研究表明,在所试验的土壤金属浓度下,有机配体NTA和DTPA的添加均明显导致小麦幼苗中金属Cu,Zn,Cd和Pb富集量的增加,且DTPA的作用效果高于NTA.10mmol·kg-1DTPA作用效果高于5mmol·kg-1DTPA,但提高程度有限.NTA处理组各金属14 d茎叶富集系数高于7 d茎叶富集系数.对于不同金属,DTPA的作用导致小麦幼苗茎叶富集系数随时间变化的规律不同.5mmol·kg-1NTA,5mmol·kg-1DTPA和10mmol·kg-1DTPA的添加明显导致土壤中4种外源金属的0.01 mol·L-1CaCl2提取态含量的增加.小麦茎叶重金属富集量与0.01mol·L-1CaCl2提取态金属含量具有较好的相关性,说明配体NTA和DTPA的添加导致小麦幼苗对4种金属的富集量的增加是与其导致0.01 mol·L-1CaCl2提取态含量的增加是密切相关的.     

清河电厂河滩灰场植被重建技术的研究

阐述了电厂灰场植被覆盖技术的原理、实施方案和主要效益     

重庆的国家重点保护植物研究

基于《中国植物红皮书》第一、二册名录，重庆有国家重点保护植物７７种，隶属于４７科，７１属。根据第一批公布的国家重点保护植物，重庆有５２种４９属３２科；其中一级５种，二级２４种，三级２３种，濒危６种，稀有２１种，渐危２５种。水平分布有三个中心，即大巴山南缘地区、武陵山区、大娄山北缘地区。论文最后提出了珍稀濒危植物的保护措施。     

植被对恢复卫生填埋场环境的作用

卫生填埋是目前我国城市生活垃圾处置的主要手段，以城市生活垃圾主要成份的卫生填埋汤，由于来源广，成份复杂，含有大量的易腐有机物和带病原菌的污染物，不可避免地给填埋场周边环境带来一定影响，有些甚至是较严重的影响。     

水质在线监测系统在城镇污水处理厂的应用研究

水质在线监测系统作为自动化、信息化、科学化的现代高效的监管模式,已经纳入到城镇污水处理厂的日常管理工作中。文章以大连市某城镇污水处理厂为例,介绍了在线监测系统的实际运行情况,结果表明:监测数据准确度较高,总体运行安全可靠。     

ASM3在城市污水处理厂工艺调整中的应用

现今城市污水处理厂氨氮处理能力不强,工艺改进实验需要大量资金投入,为了解决这一问题．结合国际水质协会（IWA）开发推荐的活性污泥模型（ASM3）数学模型来寻找一个最佳的解决方案,以便对污水处理厂工艺优化分析及模拟优化改造。     

氯对医疗废物处置厂废水处理的影响

分析了医疗废物处置厂废水处理中如何消减氯对后续活性污泥处理工艺负面影响的问题。结合山西省某医疗废物高温蒸汽灭菌厂的废水处理实例,提出了一种利用生活污水中的氨氮来消减余氯对后续活性污泥处理影响的有效方法。     

Safety analysis and risk assessment of a Micro-GtL Plant

Laboratory hydrogen generators, medical oxygen, and micro-breweries are examples of modular and micro technologies that are commercial successes. Researchers, patients, and unskilled workers operate these facilities but more complex processes require highly qualified personnel to ensure they operate safely. Modular-micro processes in isolated locations meet economic objectives when operated remotely thereby minimizing labor costs. Mitigating the risk requires a comprehensive hazards analysis with advanced control systems particularly for explosive and toxic compounds. Here, we propose a method called Failure Mode Risk Decision (FMRD) to review the inherent hazards of a micro-refinery unit (MRU) that converts flared and wasted natural gas to long chain hydrocarbons. This approach combines the Process Flow Failure Mode (PFFM) methodology as a systematic and reliable technique with a novel numerical risk assessment to improve the analytical evaluation of hazardous conditions. The objective is to combine causes and consequences in a single metric, where scaled probability of evident causes and severity of consequences are used to derive a risk level measure. With the proposed metric, the magnitude of a potential hazard is directly correlated with the risk level. This mechanism identifies extra risk scenarios compared to the classical hazard analysis method and provides a straightforward comprehensive numerical assessment to represent the inherent and residual risks to facilitate justifying the hazardous scenarios. Accordingly, we design a safety loop and supply all the required facilities to remove the potential risks at the process plant. Not only the proposed methodology clarifies the risks of the MRU presented in this study, but can be extended to review the hazards of other chemical process plants.