环境激素与人类健康

探讨了环境激素的来源、分类、特性和分布,尤其是分析了环境激素对人类健康的危害,指出化学内分泌干扰物通过干扰激素和发育,正在改变着人类的未来.建议政府和全社会的共同努力,来制止环境激素的蔓延与影响.     

长江流域重庆段水体和沉积物中农药分布特征及风险评价

以长江干流重庆段、乌江和嘉陵江支流段作为研究对象,系统分析该研究区域水体和沉积物中农药的种类分布及污染状况;并对水体和沉积物中农药污染开展生态风险评估。结果表明,水体中共检出13种农药,总浓度范围为18.02～167.18 ng·L~(-1),主要污染物为敌敌畏、多菌灵和阿特拉津;沉积物中共检出12种农药,总浓度范围为7.08～38.35 ng·g~(-1),主要污染物为敌敌畏和多菌灵;与国内其他地区的水体和沉积物中农药污染浓度相比,处于中等偏低的水平。水体中农药风险评估结果表明,敌敌畏和毒死蜱在大部分检测位点0.1≤RQ<1;在S7和S18监测位点中,敌敌畏、避蚊胺、阿特拉津和毒死蜱均0.1相似文献   

低温等离子体技术在汽车尾气净化中的应用

介绍了低温等离子体技术及在汽车尾气净化中的应用和发展现状,阐述了低温等离子体产生的方法,讨论了其在汽车尾气净化过程中的机理,并提出了目前该技术在实际应用中还存在的一些局限性。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定水中钡、铍、硼、钒、钴、钛、钼7种微量元素

用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定水中Ba、Be、B、V、Co、Ti、Mo 7种元素含量,具有测定方法简便、快速、准确、精密度高、数据可靠等特点。     

Characterization of fuel gas products from the treatment of solid waste streams with a plasma arc torch

This work addresses the plasma treatment of two solid waste streams and production of fuel gases from the process. In this study, carpet waste and simulated solid wastes generated by a United States Air Force Basic Expeditionary Airfield Resources Base deployment were used. Waste was treated in a furnace fitted with a 100kW plasma arc torch. The off gas was analyzed to determine its composition. The product gas was composed primarily of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, with small amounts of methane, benzene and toluene also detected. These experiments demonstrate the feasibility of producing fuel gases by plasma treatment of the solid waste streams. While the thermal energy value of the fuel gas produced in these experiments was less than the energy input, a higher waste-to-fuel gas conversion efficiency is expected in full-scale application.     

Porous materials produced from incineration ash using thermal plasma technology

This study presents a novel thermal plasma melting technique for neutralizing and recycling municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) ash residues. MSWI ash residues were converted into water-quenched vitrified slag using plasma vitrification, which is environmentally benign. Slag is adopted as a raw material in producing porous materials for architectural and decorative applications, eliminating the problem of its disposal. Porous materials are produced using water-quenched vitrified slag with Portland cement and foaming agent. The true density, bulk density, porosity and water absorption ratio of the foamed specimens are studied here by varying the size of the slag particles, the water-to-solid ratio, and the ratio of the weights of the core materials, including the water-quenched vitrified slag and cement. The thermal conductivity and flexural strength of porous panels are also determined. The experimental results show the bulk density and the porosity of the porous materials are 0.9–1.2 g cm^?3 and 50–60%, respectively, and the pore structure has a closed form. The thermal conductivity of the porous material is 0.1946 W m^?1 K^?1. Therefore, the slag composite materials are lightweight and thermal insulators having considerable potential for building applications.     

外源激素对白花龙插条生根的影响

研究不同种类和浓度的外源激素对白花龙生根能力的影响.结果表明,选择适当种类的外源激素和适宜浓度的外源激素可显著提高白花龙的扦插繁殖效果.其中,用250mg/L萘乙酸溶液浸泡插穗5min,其生根率最高,可达61.67%.     

Assessment of a potential preventive ability of amygdalin in mycotoxin-induced ovarian toxicity

The possible effects of a natural substance amygdalin and its combination with the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) on the steroid hormone secretion (progesterone and 17-β-estradiol) by porcine ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) were examined in this in vitro study. Ovarian GCs were incubated without (control group) and with amygdalin (1, 10, 100, 1,000 and 10,000 μg mL¹), or its combination with DON (1 μg mL¹) for 24 h. The release of steroid hormones was determined by ELISA. The progesterone secretion by porcine ovarian GCs was not affected by amygdalin in comparison to the control. However, the highest amygdalin dose (10,000 μg mL¹) caused a significant stimulation of the 17-β-estradiol release. A combination of amygdalin with DON significantly (P < 0.05) increased the progesterone release at all concentrations. Similarly, a stimulatory effect of amygdalin co-administered with DON was detected with respect to the 17-β-estradiol secretion at the highest dose (10,000 μg mL¹) of amygdalin and 1 μg mL¹ of DON. Noticeable differences between the effects of amygdalin alone and its combination with DON on the progesterone release were detected. In contrast, no differences between the stimulatory effects of amygdalin and its combination with DON on the 17-β-estradiol synthesis by porcine GCs were observed. Findings from this in vitro study did not confirm the expected protective effect of amygdalin on mycotoxin induced reprotoxicity. Our results indicate that the stimulatory effect of amygdalin combined with DON on the progesterone release was clearly caused by the DON addition, not by the presence amygdalin per se. On the other hand, the stimulation of 17-β-estradiol production was solely caused by the presence of amygdalin addition. These findings suggest a possible involvement of both natural substances into the processes of steroidogenesis and appear to be endocrine modulators of porcine ovaries.     

Dielectric barrier discharge plasma-assisted modification of g-C3N4/Ag2O/TiO2-NRs composite enhanced photoelectrocatalytic activity

Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma applied as surface treatment technology was employed for the modification of Ag₂O and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) powders. Subsequently, the pretreated powders were sequentially loaded onto TiO₂ nanorods (TiO₂-NRs) via electro-deposition, followed by calcination at N₂ atmosphere. The results indicated that at the optimal plasma discharge time of 5 min for modification of g-C₃N₄ and Ag₂O, photocurrent density of ternary composite was 6 times to bare TiO₂-NRs under UV-visible light irradiation. Phenol was degraded by using DBD plasma-modified g-C₃N₄/Ag₂O/TiO₂-NRs electrode to analyze the photoelectrocatalytic performance. The removal rate of phenol for g-C₃N₄-5/Ag₂O-5/TiO₂-NRs electrode was about 3.07 times to that for TiO₂-NRs electrode. During active species scavengers’ analysis, superoxide radicals and hydroxyl radicals were the main oxidation active species for pollutants degradation. A possible electron-hole separation and transfer mechanism of ternary composite with high photoelectrocatalytic performance was proposed.