洋河水库污染现状及防治对策探讨

结合洋河水库的水质现状,对造成水库水质污染的原因进行分析,并有针对性地提出污染防治对策,为保护水库水质及生态环境、遏制水库水体富营养化,提供技术依据。     

Pollution levels and characteristics of phthalate esters in indoor air of offices

The pollution status and characteristics of PAEs (phthalate esters) were investigated in indoor air of offices, and PAEs of both gas-phase and particulate-phase were detected in all the samples. The concentration (sum of the gas phase and the particulate phase) was 4748.24 ng/m³, ranging between 3070.09 and 6700.14 ng/m³. Diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate were the most abundant compounds, together accounting for 70% of the ∑ 6PAEs. Dividing the particulate-phase PAEs into four size ranges (< 2.5, 2.5–5, 5–10, > 10 μm), the result indicated that PAEs in PM_2.5 were the most abundant, with the proportion of 72.64%. In addition, the PAE concentration in PM_2.5 correlated significantly with the total particulate-phase PAEs (R² = 0.85). Thus, the amount of PAEs in PM_2.5 can be estimated from the total amount of particulate-phase PAEs using this proportion. In a comparison between the offices and a newly decorated study room, it was found that pollution characteristics were similar between these two places. Thus, it is implied that the PAE concentration decreased by 50% 2 yr after decorating.     

南太湖地区湖州市大气PM_(2.5)中多环芳烃的研究——污染现状和人体暴露健康风险评价

运用智能综合大气采样仪采集了南太湖地区湖州市大气PM 10和PM 2.5样品,采用高效液相色谱检测了该样品中16种多环芳烃化合物,通过苯并(a)芘(Ba P)致癌等效浓度、人群终身超额致癌风险和预期寿命损失等指标,评价湖州市大气PM2.5中多环芳烃的人群健康风险。结果表明:全市大气PM 2.5中多环芳烃全年总平均浓度为11.59 ng/m 3,季平均浓度范围在4.775~23.98 ng/m3之间,季节之间呈现一定的变化,冬季秋季春季夏季;全市大气PM 2.5中多环芳烃的苯并(a)芘总致癌等效浓度(TEQ)年均值为1.138 ng/m3,污染所致的成人和儿童的终身超额致癌风险分别为8.7×10-6和6.0×10-6,成人的预期寿命损失为44.5 min。     

促进我国环保产业发展的实证研究——对《水污染防治行动计划》的解读

基于2010年《中国投入产出表》,结合环保产业统计调查,构建环保产业外部化投入产出表,采用投入产出局部闭模型定量研究水污染防治行动计划对环保产业的促进作用,并对拉动效应的时滞特性进行分析。研究发现:行动计划的实施将直接带动水污染防治专业设备制造、环境监测专用仪器设备、环境咨询服务等相关领域发展,对环保产品和环保服务的直接贡献为1.4万亿,间接贡献约5 000亿。拉动效应的时滞特性分析表明,行动计划投资对环保产业的刺激效应在2017年达到高峰,然后逐年递减。     

2013年成都地区一次秸秆焚烧特征及成因分析

2013年9月14~17日成都及周边地区出现了一次秸秆焚烧空气污染过程,成都、德阳受污染影响较严重,乐山、眉山影响相对较轻。基于空气污染指数API,结合雷达消光系数反演图、在线气团后向轨迹及探空斜温图分析本次空气污染过程,主要是由成都城区以南地区秸秆焚烧及区域边界层辐射逆温等不利扩散气象条件共同造成的。     

《水污染防治行动计划》实施的宏观经济影响分析

基于全产业链视角,本文采用投入产出模型定量模拟了《水污染防治行动计划》(以下简称《水十条》)项目实施的社会经济影响.结果表明,《水十条》的实施:①起到了刺激经济发展、促进社会就业的作用,将拉动我国GDP 累计增加56 964 亿元,其中直接贡献占13%,间接贡献占87%;累计增加非农就业岗位398 万人,其中直接贡献占29%,间接贡献占71%.②将拉动环保装备制造、建筑安装、环保技术服务等相关行业的发展,同时通过产业链关联间接带动农林牧渔业、交通运输及仓储业、批发和零售业、专用设备制造业等行业的发展.③在我国环境保护投资仍然严重不足的情况下,加大环保投资有利于带动节能环保产业的发展,促进我国经济战略转型.     

基于环境约束的浙江省制造业行业结构调整优化研究

文章在综合评价浙江省制造业内部各产业污染排放强度的基础上,对浙江省制造业污染排放量进行了因素分解,并构建了基于污染排放程度系数和工业总产值的区域类型划分矩阵,将浙江省制造业划分为优先发展行业、结构优化发展行业、引导发展行业、推动发展行业和限制发展行业,对浙江省制造业内部各产业结构的调整优化提出了针对性建议。     

欧盟重金属污染防治历程及启示

通过综合学习借鉴发达国家不同历史阶段污染防治的历程与积累的经验,有助于我国在比较的视野中正确认识我国重金属污染防治中存在的问题,以及学习借鉴他国的经验教训,探索属于自己的跨越式发展道路,包括污染防治政策制度设计、环境管理经验、各国的协调合作等。     

农副产品加工园区水污染控制管理体系研究——以沈阳辉山农副产品加工园区为例

农副产品加工园区产生排放的废水对沈阳市蒲河全流域水环境造成污染,严重影响园区的持续发展。利用管理手段完成园区污染物总量减排目标是保证园区可持续发展的关键。农副产品加工园区管理体系主要由管理部门、企业、综合污水处理厂及社会公众构成,各构成要素间存在监督、监管及市场等关系。为实现园区水污染控制体系目标,各构成要素应充分发挥其功能。     

Hands-on assistance improves already successful pollution prevention services of the toxics use reduction institute’s laboratory

In an attempt to improve the adoption rate of the work conducted at the Toxics Use Reduction Institute Lab, a more comprehensive on-site follow-up assistance program was implemented in 2006. The effort was piloted for trichloroethylene replacement in Rhode Island in conjunction with Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region 1.Through hands-on workshops and on-site assistance efforts, the TURI Lab project was able to achieve an 82% reduction in TCE in a two year period. This new methodology for on-site assistance follow-up to the preexisting TURI Lab testing program has been incorporated into the work the Lab conducts for companies in Massachusetts. The Lab had an implementation rate of around 30% without on-site assistance. During the first year of the new process, the adoption rate has jumped to 80% of all companies working with the lab.