武汉地铁2号线矿山法施工区间隧道风险分析及其控制

地铁隧道因地质条件及周边环境的复杂性、不确定性等特点,施工风险较高。本文根据武汉地铁2号线一期工程沿线遭遇的各类不良地质问题,结合工程地质及水文地质条件和周边环境特点,辨识出武汉地铁2号线一期工程矿山法施工区间隧道主要的风险事件并进行了风险分析;同时采用R=P×C的风险定级方法,定量得到各风险事件的风险等级;并根据风险评估的结果,对风险较高的事件提出了具体的风险控制措施,从而确保了工程的顺利进行。该研究可为其他类似工程提供参考。     

原子荧光法测定水中总汞的测量不确定度分析

以测定水中汞含量为例,对其在分析过程中产生的不确定度进行识别和计算,对原子荧光法测量水中总汞的不确定度加以分析评定。     

冶金钢铁行业废水中CODcr与TOC相关性研究

CODcr和TOC均是表征水体有机污染程度的指标,对于一般有机废水,理论上两者线性相关。采用线性回归法对冶金钢铁行业废水中TOC和CODcr两项指标的监测数据进行统计分析,建立CODcr对TOC的转换方程,并用相关系数法进行显著性检验。结果表明冶金钢铁行业废水中CODcr值和TOC值的线性关系显著,建立的一元线性回归方程的准确度可以满足水质监测的需要,在一定条件下可以使用TOC监测值间接换算CODcr值。     

环境监测仪器自动传输网络中RS-232接口防雷设计的探讨

目前全国大部分空气质量自动监测站房均建设在空旷场地,而数据通信单元及传输线路上广泛采用RS-232数据通讯接口,在运行当中容易感应雷电等强电磁干扰,严重影响监测人员对系统故障的判断和处理.本文时RS-232数据通讯接口进行了防雷设计的探讨.     

测定废水中总铬前处理方法的改进探究

采用COD消解器加热氧化法代替锥形瓶加热氧化法或密塞高压蒸汽法测定总铬,结果表明:此方法缩短了分析时间,操作简便,分析结果准确度高.     

热解吸气相色谱双通道检测空气中TVOC

探讨了通过气相色谱仪双通道检测室内空气中总挥发性有机化合物的可行性.建立了前、后双通道的苯、甲苯、乙酸丁酯、乙苯、苯乙烯、对(间)二甲苯、邻二甲苯、正十一烷等9种典型有机污染物的外标曲线,各组分相关系数R2为0.9995～1,并通过各自的标准曲线来计算其标样考核结果,对比标样真实浓度值,验证前、后双通道的准确性以及相互...     

Determination and assessment of total mercury levels in local, frozen and canned fish in Lebanon

Fish is an important constituent of the Lebanese diet. However, very little attention in our area is given to bring awareness regarding the effect of the toxicity of mercury (Hg) mainly through fish consumption. This study aimed to report analytical data on total mercury levels in several fish species for the first time in thirty years and to also made individuals aware of the presence and danger from exposure to mercury through fish consumption. Fish samples were selected from local Lebanese markets and fisheries and included 94 samples of which were fresh, frozen, processed, and canned fish. All values were reported as microgram of mercury per gram of fish based on wet weight. The level of mercury ranged from 0.0190 to 0.5700 μg/g in fresh samples, 0.0059 to 0.0665 μg/g in frozen samples, and 0.0305 to 0.1190 μg/g in canned samples. The data clearly showed that higher levels of mercury were detected in local fresh fish as opposed to other types thus placing consumers at higher risk from mercury exposure. Moreover, the data revealed that Mallifa (yellowstripe barracuda/Sphyraena chrysotaenia), Sargous (white seabream/Diplodus sargus), Ghobbos (bogue/Boops hoops), and shrimp (Penaeus sp.) were among the types containing the highest amounts of mercury. On the other hand, processed fish such as fish fillet, fish burger, small shrimp and crab are found to contain lower levels of mercury and are associated with lower exposure risks to mercury. Lebanese population should therefore, be aware to consume limited amounts of fresh local fish to minimize exposure to mercury.     

Computing payment for ecosystem services in watersheds: An analysis of the Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Diversion in China

An improved watershed criteria model was developed in light of research on payment for ecosystem services outflows theory.     

宁夏大型扬黄工程运行管理的安全生产现状与对策

1 工程概况 　　宁夏中部干旱地区在工程建成前,自然条件恶劣,荒漠化面积占土地面积的70%以上,干旱、风沙、沙尘暴和冰雹等自然灾害频发.为了改善这些地区自然环境和群众生产生活状况,国家投入大量资金,分别于1975年、1988年、1998年和1999年相继开工建设了固海、盐环定、红寺堡和固海扩灌四大扬黄工程.工程总设计流量77.2m3/s,设计灌溉面积1127km2,干渠总长677km,总装机容量37.9万kW.宁夏大型扬黄工程基本情况详见表1.……