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131.
To be rightly implemented, an environmental policy ought to set an institutional framework (goals, rules and instruments) which incents decentralised actors to adopt the appropriate range of technologies. In the household waste management policy, the development of valorisation techniques (and particularly recycling) must be supported by convenient instruments and incentives. The paper analyses the problems encountered with the French household waste policy to ensure the takeoff of recycling techniques. At the moment, a rather under-proportioned institutional setting leads to favour the adoption of incineration with energy recovery at the expenses of recycling. This tends to create a structural bias in favour of incineration. 相似文献
132.
城市污泥的综合利用研究 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
城市污泥既是污染物又是一种资源 ,介绍了我国污泥处理的现状 ,分析了常用污泥处理方法存在的问题 ,并根据我国国情提出了污泥开发利用和资源化的途径。 相似文献
133.
J. Tajbakhsh M. A. Abdoli E. Mohammadi Goltapeh I. Alahdadi M. J. Malakouti 《The Environmentalist》2008,28(4):476-482
A 90-day study conducted to explore the potential of epigeic earthworms Eisenia foetida and Eisenia andrei to transform the different types of agricultural wastes and spent mushroom compost into value-added product, i.e., vermicompost.
Vermicomposting resulted in significant reduction in C:N ratio, pH, electrical conductivity, total organic carbon, TK; and
increase in total Kajeldahl nitrogen, TP, and various micro and macronutrients compared to those in the worm feed. Our trials
demonstrated that the vermicomposting could be considered as an alternate technology for recycling and environmentally safe
disposal/management of the mushroom cultivation complexes’ residues mixed with different types of agricultural waste using
epigeic earthworms E. foetida and E. andrei. 相似文献
134.
135.
Grard Bertolini 《Resources Policy》2003,29(3-4):153-164
On the basis of the data Comext from Eurostat, this paper presents 2001 data on the main exchanges (flows) intra-European Union (EU) and with the rest of the world (extra-EU), by countries (for the main countries which are concerned), tonnage and value, by categories of recovered materials and products. A synoptic table is established, the results are summarized, and initial comments are provided. Moreover the evolution from 1995 to 2001 is discussed.The second part of the paper examines what these data tell us:
- * whether they are consistent with the main theories of international trade, and which factors explain these exchanges,
- * what is the extent of foreign trade of recovered products and materials,
- * to what extent the EU appears as ‘an economic entity’,
- * and possible effects of the enlargement of the EU.
Keywords: International trade; European Union; Recovery; Recycling 相似文献
136.
The discrepancy between verbal and actual commitment in waste recycling and environmental behavior is thought to have attenuated
the effectiveness of many environmental policy and measures. Studies purport to show the existence of such a value-action
gap in environmental issues has been largely based on matching the verbal commitment to environmental value through self-reported
environmental behavioral data. Therefore, there is a lack of direct evidence to prove that such a discrepancy exists. This
study demonstrates a methodology (contrasting on-site observation with self-reported results) to measure the gap between verbal
commitment and actual recycling behavior and provides an explanation on the recycling behavior of students at Hong Kong Baptist
University in the hope that the lessons learnt can be generalized to a wider context. Our findings indicate that a gap between
verbal recycling commitment and corresponding action does exist in waste recycling on this university campus. By using multiple
linear regression analysis, we found that the self-reported recycling behavior of undergraduates cannot be meaningfully explained
by most variables previously suggested in the general value-action model. 相似文献
137.
The recycling of rubber from old tyres by batch hydrogenation has been performed using tubing bomb reactors. Important process variables like temperature, reaction time, initial hydrogen pressure and nature of gas used have been studied. In all the runs the maximum total conversion was achieved. Conversion products are comprised of oils and gases, being the asphaltene yield lower than 1% in all conditions tested. The most valuable conversion products, oils, have been systematically analysed by TLC-FID1 and the influence of the process variables in oils composition has been assessed. From the obtained results, it can be deduced that the conversion of rubber in oils is a fast thermal process, which is neither affected by initial pressure nor the nature of gas used. But on the other hand, the nature of obtained oils and gases is a function of process variables. 相似文献
138.
田野 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2002,12(4):33-34
本文简要阐述了作者对循环经济的认识以及发展循环经济的必要性,并面向级政府和政府部门提出了对发展循环经济的几点建议。 相似文献
139.
140.
Paul D. Jensen Lauren BassonEmma E. Hellawell Malcolm R. Bailey Matthew Leach 《Resources, Conservation and Recycling》2011,55(7):703-712
Geographic proximity is said to be a key characteristic of the resource reuse and recycling practice known as industrial symbiosis. To date, however, proximity of symbiont companies has remained an abstract characteristic. By conducting a statistical analysis of synergies facilitated by the United Kingdom's National Industrial Symbiosis Programme during their first five years of operation, this article attempts to quantify geographic proximity and in the process provide practitioners with an insight into the movement trends of different waste streams. Among other it was found that the median distance materials travelled within a symbiotic relationship is 20.4 miles. It is argued that quantitative information of this form is of practical value for the effective deployment of industrial symbiosis practitioners and wider resource efficiency planning. The results and discussion presented within this article are specific to industrial symbiosis opportunities facilitated within the United Kingdom; the methodology and assessment of resource movement influences are, however, expected to be relevant to all countries in which industrial activity is similarly mature and diversified. 相似文献