黑柱石和水之间氢同位素平衡分馏的实验研究

在750-250℃温度范围内,对黑柱石-水之间的氢同位素平衡分馏进行了实验研究。研究中改进了氢同位素交换实验方法,从而保证了精度。研究结果表明,750-550℃温度范围内,黑柱石一水的分馏系数10~3lnα°_(黑柱石-水)=-30.51 10~6/T~2-59.86,550-350℃温度范围内,10~3lnα°_(黑柱石-水)与温度1/T~2间无依赖关系,其值为-105.0±0.7,.250℃时,交换率太低。文中讨论了黑柱石-水之间氢同位素分馏系数与温度、矿物晶体结构、矿物化学组成的关系及其地质意义。     

中国可持续发展指标体系研究进展

分析了中国可持续发展指标体系的不同研究方法，基本框架，具体指标的构成和数量，不同层次的案例研究，及有关国际合作项目；提出了合作要 计算方法，指标合成有基础资料，统计口径等技术关键。     

石油污染对僧帽牡蛎(Ostrea cucullata)抗氧化酶的影响

在厦门岛及附近海域的轮渡码头、杏林湾、同安湾、黄厝4个地点现场采集牡蛎样品，研究牡蛎全组织石油烃含量与其消化腺、鳃超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性之间的关系，并探讨了将僧蛎抗氧化酶作为监测海洋石油污染的生物标志物（biomarker）的可能性。结果表明：（1）采自轮渡码头、杏林湾、同安湾、黄厝的牡蛎全组织石油烃含量分别为380．68、112．34、27．31、20．37μg/g；（2）牡蛎消化腺SOD、CAT活性均高于鳃；（3）牡蛎消化腺和鳃CAT、SOD活性均随石油烃含量的增加而增强，由相关系数来判断两者相关性显著，适合作为海洋石油污染的生物标志物。     

三相流态化烟气脱硫模拟中试试验研究

在参考国内外大量湿法脱硫研究经验的基础上 ,提出一种适合我国国情的烟气脱硫技术路线 :三相流态化吸收式烟气脱硫工艺。建立了处理烟气量 2 0 0 0Nm3 h的模拟中试实验装置 ,并进行大量石灰浆液烟气脱硫试验研究 ,总结出流态化反应器的脱硫性能及其影响因素。试验结果表明 :流态化反应器脱硫效率随着浆液浓度、喷射管插入深度、搅拌速度等的增加而增加。当浆液pH值在 5～ 8之间 ,喷射管插入深度 16 0～ 2 0 0mm(相应的喷射器的压降约为 15 0 0～ 190 0Pa) ,喷射速度为 10～ 2 5m s左右 ,循环倍率为 3倍 ,浆液浓度为 7%以下 ,反应温度 5 5～ 6 0℃ ,对反应加以搅拌和对产物强制氧化 ,可以获得 95 %以上的脱硫效率     

赴新加坡学习的收获和体会

介绍了新加坡概况,学习期间对新加坡的印象,总结了学习获得的启示.     

Thriving on challenge stressors? Exploring time pressure and learning demands as antecedents of thriving at work

In the conceptualization of thriving at work, it is emphasized that employees' learning and vitality are two equally important components of thriving and that thriving is facilitated by contextual features and available resources. In this study, we examined the effects of two challenge stressors (time pressure and learning demands) on thriving at work. Based on the literature on challenge and hindrance stressors, we proposed that challenge stressors positively affect learning and negatively affect vitality. To uncover underlying mechanisms, we measured challenge appraisal and hindrance appraisal of work situations in a diary study. A sample of 124 knowledge workers responded to three daily surveys (before the lunch break, during the afternoon, and at the end of the workday) for a period of five workdays. Results indicate that the indirect effects of learning demands and time pressure on learning are mediated by challenge appraisal, whereas indirect effects of learning demands on vitality are mediated by hindrance appraisal. Overall, our study shows that challenge stressors have a positive total effect on learning but no total effect on vitality. These differential relationships call for a finer distinction between the two components of thriving at work in future research. Copyright © 2016 The Authors Journal of Organizational Behavior Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.     

Health-related quality of life 24 months after sustaining a minor musculoskeletal injury in a road traffic crash: A prospective cohort study

Objectives: A better understanding of the long-term factors that independently predict poorer quality of life following mild to moderate musculoskeletal injuries is needed. We aimed to establish the predictors of quality of life (including sociodemographic, health, psychosocial, and pre-injury factors) 24 months after a noncatastrophic road traffic injury.

Methods: In a prospective cohort study of 252 participants with mild/moderate injury sustained in a road traffic crash, quality of life was measured 24 months following the baseline survey. A telephone-administered questionnaire obtained information on various potential explanatory variables. Health-related quality of life was measured using the European Quality of Life–5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) and Medical Outcomes Survey Short Form–12 (SF-12). Multivariable linear regression analyses determined the associations between explanatory variables and quality of life measures.

Results: Mean SF-12 physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) scores increased by 7.3 and 2.5 units, respectively, from baseline to 24-month follow-up. Each 10-year increase in baseline age was independently associated with 3.1-unit (P < .001) and 1.5-unit (P = .001) decrease in EQ Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and SF-12 PCS scores at follow-up, respectively. Poor/fair compared to excellent pre-injury health was associated with a 0.16-, 21.3-, and 11.5-unit decrease in EQ-5D summary (P = .03), VAS scores (P = .001), and SF-12 PCS scores (P < .001), respectively. Baseline pain severity ratings and pain catastrophizing scores were inversely associated with 24-month EQ VAS scores (both P < .001). Each unit increase in baseline pain score (P = .001) and pain catastrophizing score (P = .02) was associated with a 1.0- and 4.6-unit decrease in SF-12 MCS scores at 24 months, respectively. Other observed predictors of quality of life measures (EQ-5D summary and/or VAS scores and/ or SF-12 MCS) included marital status, smoking, hospital admission, pre-injury health (anxiety/depression and chronic illness), and whiplash injury.

Conclusion: Sociodemographic indicators, pre-injury health, and biopsychosocial correlates were independently associated with health-related quality of life 24 months following a noncatastrophic road traffic crash injury.     

A spectral power analysis of driving behavior changes during the transition from nondistraction to distraction

Objective: This article investigated and compared frequency domain and time domain characteristics of drivers' behaviors before and after the start of distracted driving.

Method: Data from an existing naturalistic driving study were used. Fast Fourier transform (FFT) was applied for the frequency domain analysis to explore drivers' behavior pattern changes between nondistracted (prestarting of visual–manual task) and distracted (poststarting of visual–manual task) driving periods. Average relative spectral power in a low frequency range (0–0.5 Hz) and the standard deviation in a 10-s time window of vehicle control variables (i.e., lane offset, yaw rate, and acceleration) were calculated and further compared. Sensitivity analyses were also applied to examine the reliability of the time and frequency domain analyses.

Results: Results of the mixed model analyses from the time and frequency domain analyses all showed significant degradation in lateral control performance after engaging in visual–manual tasks while driving. Results of the sensitivity analyses suggested that the frequency domain analysis was less sensitive to the frequency bandwidth, whereas the time domain analysis was more sensitive to the time intervals selected for variation calculations. Different time interval selections can result in significantly different standard deviation values, whereas average spectral power analysis on yaw rate in both low and high frequency bandwidths showed consistent results, that higher variation values were observed during distracted driving when compared to nondistracted driving.

Conclusions: This study suggests that driver state detection needs to consider the behavior changes during the prestarting periods, instead of only focusing on periods with physical presence of distraction, such as cell phone use. Lateral control measures can be a better indicator of distraction detection than longitudinal controls. In addition, frequency domain analyses proved to be a more robust and consistent method in assessing driving performance compared to time domain analyses.     

Comparison study and parameter identification of three battery models for an off-grid photovoltaic system

There is growing interest in solar batteries, especially for photovoltaic (PV) applications. Therefore, an accurate battery model is required for the PV system because of its influence on system efficiency. Several mathematical models of batteries have been described in the scientific literature. However, this paper reviews three electrochemical models most commonly used for PV systems, such as Shepherd, Manegon and Coppetti, in order to define the most appropriate model for PV systems. This paper discusses an application of the pattern search optimization technique to extract the parameters of three battery models derived from experimental test results obtained from sealed gelled lead acid batteries for both charge and discharge modes. A comparative case and regression analysis based on statistical tests and a quantitative method were conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the updated model from the three aforementioned. The simulation results and tests performed on the battery charge and discharge modes lead us as well to approve the algorithm’s accuracy regarding the updated model.     

南京冬季云凝结核活化特征及闭合研究

2017年12月~2018年1月在南京地区对气溶胶的云凝结核（CCN）活化特征进行外场观测,并利用4种常用的闭合方法实现对CCN数浓度的预测.结果表明本次观测期间南京地区的气溶胶具有较高的CCN活性,吸湿性参数（κ）的平均值为0.36.对清洁到不同程度雾-霾天气溶胶污染的CCN活化特征进行对比分析,发现随着污染程度的加深,气溶胶的吸湿性逐渐减弱;在同一能见度（VIS）范围内,环境相对湿度（RH）更高的天气类型中气溶胶的吸湿性和活化能力也更高,这可能由于高RH条件能促进大气中非均相及液相反应生成更多的二次无机气溶胶.4种闭合方法的结果显示,利用临界粒径、截断粒径及粒径分辨的活化谱三种方法总体上均有较好的闭合结果.其中,对于低过饱和度（S）下的预测来说,利用截断粒径方法的闭合结果最为理想.