轻型顶吸旋臂捕尘罩在高炉出铁口的应用

根据首钢3#高炉出铁场的特点,通过几种方案的比较,提出了轻型顶吸旋转悬臂罩捕集方案,论述了该罩的特点及参数.实践证明,该方案完全可行,可为同类高炉出铁场除尘推广使用.     

Characterization of Rain and Roof Drainage Water Quality in Xanthi, Greece

Thirteen field campaigns were undertaken in the period from December 2, 2002 until September 1, 2004 to collect water samples in order to characterize the quality of rainfall and roof drainage in the city of Xanthi, a typical provincial city in Greece. In each campaign, water samples were collected from 10 representative sites in the city (in total 130 samples), representing areas of distinct land use and human activities (i.e., traffic volume, residence density and industrial activity). The water samples were analyzed according to drinking water criteria for total coliform (not detected), temperature (range: 0.9–20°C), pH (range: 3.6–11.4), alkalinity (range: 0–21.5 mg CaCO₃/L), nitrate (range: 0–2456 μg/L), ammonium (range: 0–2628 μg/L), sulfate (range: 0–0.5 mg/L), calcium (range: 259.1–3064 μeq/L), magnesium (range: 0.8–488.8 μeq/L), potassium (range: 0.0–110.6 μeq/L) and dissolved heavy metals (Fe, range: 0.01–0.18 mg/L; Mn, range: 0.01–0.09 mg/L; Zn, range: 0.01–0.54 mg/L; Cu, Cr and Ni, not detected). Pollutant concentrations were generally higher in roof drainage than in rainwater, but both were lower than drinking water standards. Dissolved heavy metal concentrations were generally higher in the areas of intensive human activities, such as roads with high traffic volume and densely populated residential areas. The satisfactory quality of rainwater, which results from this analysis, makes its use as grey water possible.     

横采内排追踪压帮高度对端帮稳定性影响研究

为揭示横采内排追踪条件下压帮至不同高度时端帮稳定性变化规律及力学成因机制,明确端帮的滑坡模式与滑坡机理,以平庄西露天煤矿端帮边坡为工程背景,应用有限差分软件FLAC3D,基于强度折减理论,对压帮不同高度时的端帮稳定性进行了三维数值模拟。结果表明:平庄西露天煤矿端帮滑坡模式为以椭球面为侧界面、以弱层为底界面的切层-顺层滑动;滑坡的力学成因机制类型为牵引式;横采内排追踪压帮高度至少为81 m端帮才能满足安全储备系数的要求;端帮稳定性系数Fs随压帮高度增大呈线性增大。     

Mathematical Methods for Spatially Cohesive Reserve Design

The problem of designing spatially cohesive nature reserve systems that meet biodiversity objectives is formulated as a nonlinear integer programming problem. The multiobjective function minimises a combination of boundary length, area and failed representation of the biological attributes we are trying to conserve. The task is to reserve a subset of sites that best meet this objective. We use data on the distribution of habitats in the Northern Territory, Australia, to show how simulated annealing and a greedy heuristic algorithm can be used to generate good solutions to such large reserve design problems, and to compare the effectiveness of these methods.     

艾比湖流域生态环境分区治理研究

针对艾比湖所处的特殊地理位置及周边环境状况，对艾比湖流域生态退化问题提出了分区治理措施。将流域分成4大区8个小区，根据不同区域在艾比湖生态链中的作用和各区域的特点，提出相应的禁牧、砾石覆盖、防风林等保护和治理措施。可为艾比湖生态环境恢复提供参考。     

机动车辆阻火罩的开发应用

系统阐述了新型机动车辆阻火罩的工作原理、结构及其功能，并对该阻火罩进行了综合测试，同时将其与原有阻火罩的各项性能进行了对比分析。     

基于顶板离层监测的锚固巷道稳定性控制

在提出顶板离层概念的基础上 ,对顶板离层与锚固系统的变形协调条件以及离层临界值、失稳临界值及工程估计值的确定进行了分析 ;通过实例 ,说明了离层监测与反馈的应用 ;工程实践表明 ,采用顶板离层监测是锚固巷道稳定性控制的简易技术手段 ,其技术经济效果明显 ,是一种值得推广的实用方法     

稻草还田与冬种马铃薯稻草覆盖对培肥地力的效果

在不同土壤种类、不同土壤肥力的田块进行了多点多年定点试验。经过连续三年早造稻草还田和冬种马铃薯稻草覆盖,4个试验点土壤有机质含量平均提高了0.182％,早晚稻、马铃薯每公顷产量分别提高了1305、1275、3765kg,表明稻草还田培肥地力效果显著,但不同土质的田块其效果有所不同。稻草还田、冬种马铃薯稻草覆盖与合理轮作和平衡施肥相结合将取得更好的效果。稻草还田的土壤肥力越来越高、连年增产,因此,稻草还田是改造中低产田的有效措施,应大力推广。     

COVERING BOTTOM SEDIMENTS AS A LAKE RESTORATION TECHNIQUE1

ABSTRACT: Sediment covering to control macrophytes and sediment nutrient release is reviewed. It is concluded that fly ash application to control sediment phosphorus release presents more dangers to the lake than benefits and should not be used. Polyethylene sheeting has not had long term effectiveness due to macrophyte regrowth on its surface. PVC-coated fiberglass screen is expensive but nontoxic and appears to give long term macrophyte control. Similar results may be obtained with spun-bonded polypropylene. Sand, clay, and sheeting to retard nutrient release have received insufficient attention.     

不同覆土厚度的煤矸石充填复垦区土壤生产力评价

以淮南矿区新庄孜煤矿采煤塌陷区土地复垦区为研究对象,调查了不同覆土厚度的煤矸石充填复垦区土壤生产力状况,发现在以煤矸石充填为基底,上覆不同表土厚度的区域土壤生产能力差异较大,其中覆土较厚的地块小麦产量达到5 770 kg/hm2,覆土较薄的地块只有4 736 kg/hm2。运用了复垦土壤生产力指数的修正模型（MPI）对不同覆土厚度的复垦地块生产力进行评价。结果表明,覆土75 cm和90 cm的地块的水解性氮和速效钾的适应性接近于对照地块,速效磷和有机质的适应性稍微偏低,生产力水平接近于对照地块;覆土40 cm和60 cm的地块土壤的养分普遍偏低,限制了农作物的生长;通过对评价结果的误差分析显示,本次评价的最小误差为1.65%,最大误差为4.33%,运用MPI模型对煤矸石复垦土壤生产力的评价具有较高的精确度。