碱性高炉矿渣制备多孔混凝土掺合料及其净化酸性水的试验研究

碱性高炉矿渣和多孔混凝土都有良好的净水性能,将碱性高炉矿渣作为掺合料制成掺高炉矿渣多孔混凝土(BSPC),对其处理模拟酸性水的效果进行研究。结果表明:经BSPC处理后,进水p H由2~3变成8.5~9.1。与普通多孔混凝土相比,添加高炉矿渣的混凝土对酸性水浊度、CODcr、TP和Cd的平均去除率依次提高了6.2%,8.8%,5.2%和4.5%,分别达到74.3%,74.5%,91.7%和86.5%。同时,BSPC孔隙率在处理酸性水前后有所下降,下降幅度较小,为6.2%,不影响BSPC对酸性水的处理。实验最后对混凝土表面白色絮状物进行了红外和XRD表征,初步分析其中含有CaCO_3、SiO_2和水化硅酸钙(C-S-H)等无机物,初步判定来源于BSPC的溶出物。     

有机质胶体对卡马西平在多孔介质中迁移影响模拟实验

有机质胶体与有机污染物的相互作用会影响污染物在多孔介质中迁移转化等环境行为.为研究有机质胶体对药物和个人护理品(PPCPs)在土壤环境中迁移的影响,本实验以卡马西平(CBZ)为目标污染物,用商用腐殖酸制备有机质胶体,分别选择石英砂、标准土和野外所取土样为研究介质,通过室内土柱模拟实验探究有机质胶体存在时污染物在多孔介质中的迁移行为.结果表明,描述一维溶质运移的两点化学非平衡模型能够较好模拟CBZ在各介质土中的运移过程,说明污染物运移过程中与介质间发生了化学非平衡吸附作用;石英砂柱中加入胶体后,对CBZ的吸附过程无明显影响,但在解吸时阻滞因子及滞留量变小,可见胶体与石英砂间作用微弱,解吸过程中胶体与污染物结合形成复合体后对污染物有增溶作用;胶体存在时,标准土和自然土对CBZ的吸附量和迁移阻滞强度均明显大于石英砂,其中有机质及黏土矿物的作用最为明显,有机质中的低能/高能吸附位点以及黏土矿物极性表面均能够固定污染物;由于有机质含量较高,自然土对CBZ在吸附-解吸过程中的阻滞截留强度大于标准土.针对本实验中CBZ的迁移情况,提出了疏水性有机污染物在含有机质胶体土壤中的迁移过程中各种作用的概念模型.     

Catalytic bubble-free hydrogenation reduction of azo dye by porous membranes loaded with palladium nanoparticles

Catalytic bubble-free hydrogenation reduction of azo dye by porous membranes loaded with palladium （Pd） nanoparticles was studied for the first time. The effects of Pd loading, dye concentration and reuse repetitions of membranes were investigated. In reduction, the dye concentration decreased whereas the pH rose gradually. An optimal Pd loading was found. The catalytic membranes were able to be reused more than 3 times.     

金属丝网对甲烷/空气预混火焰管道内传播的影响

为研究管道内金属丝网对甲烷/空气预混火焰传播的影响,通过实验和三维数值模拟研究安装金属丝网的管道内火焰传播特性以及流场、温度场的变化。结果表明:40目4层的金属丝网可以使火焰淬熄,30目4层的金属丝网无法淬熄,但可以使火焰停滞3 ms;大涡模型可以很好地对管道内火焰淬熄现象进行模拟;当火焰穿过30目4层金属丝网时,速度增大,在Kelvin Helmholtz不稳定和Rayleigh Taylor不稳定的耦合作用下形成湍流;金属丝网的目数会影响热量在丝网层中的扩散,当金属丝网为30目4层时,火焰热量扩散快,而当金属丝网为40目4层时,火焰热量扩散慢且温度大幅度衰减,衰减率达到83%。     

河南双河油泥在生物降解过程中饱和烃污染物的组成与分布

分析了河南双河油泥在微生物降解过程中烷烃的组成与分布特征,结果表明,XT-4、F-2、C-2、A-1和AB-1菌的混合菌对饱和烃组分有好的降解效果:当饱和烃含量在60~70g/kg范围时,经过120d的降解,饱和烃降解率达到66.4%,随着降解的进行,正构烷烃分布由单峰形变成了双峰形;萜烷类抗微生物降解能力强,在本实验条件下,其组成与分布没有发生显著变化。微生物对烷烃类化合物易降解顺序为:正构烷烃>类异戊二烯烃>藿烷类,C21以前的正构烷烃>C22以后的正构烷烃,姥鲛烷>植烷,Tm>Ts,藿烷>莫烷。     

悬浮填料活性污泥法优化填料投配比试验

悬浮填料活性污泥法中试试验系统,利用某城市污水厂生产工艺回流污泥为系统悬浮污泥,探讨了悬浮填料投配比、投配方式和中试硝化效果之间的关系。试验结果表明,悬浮填料最小投配比为15%即可满足系统硝化功能的要求;悬浮填料的投配方式宜采用集中投配并布置于曝气池的末端,这样既可提高系统的生物膜量,又有利于硝化反应的实现。而且,控制适当的溶解氧浓度,悬浮填料的投加有助于同步硝化反硝化更充分的进行。     

电催化同步降解水中硝酸盐氮和有机氯化物的研究

在利用电化学反应器单独脱硝脱卤的电催化实验基础上,对电化学催化方法同步脱硝脱卤进行研究.试验采用化学沉积法负载钯-铜合金(4∶ 1)的多孔钛板作为电解反应器阴极,电解硝酸盐氮(NO-3-N)和五氯酚(PCP)的混合溶液.结果表明: PCP的脱卤效果与单独脱卤时相似,但PCP的存在对NO-3-N的还原脱除有明显影响.PCP在钯原子上的竞争性吸附抑制了NO-3-N还原反应的中间产物NO-2-N继续还原,导致在反应初期出现NO-2-N的积累;随着PCP的充分还原,前期积累的副产物NO-2-N可以逐渐被降解.分批试验和推流试验结果表明,利用多孔钛板负载的钯-铜二元合金电极,选择合适的反应参数,可有效地脱除水中的硝酸盐氮和卤代有机物.     

Scapegoat Ecology: Blame,Exoneration, and an Emergent Genre in Environmentalist Discourse

This essay identifies and examines scapegoat ecology, an emergent genre in online environmental discourse. In scapegoat ecology, a public of environmentally minded individuals focuses attention and vitriol on a single person for being particularly harmful to the environment. This essay argues that such discourse deflects attention from more complex and systemic environmental factors and implicitly exonerates the broader community, assuring it of its own environmental commitments while excusing it from further ecological action. The essay describes the form and appeal of scapegoat ecology, then provides a series of illustrative case examples before highlighting the implications of such discourse for both environmental communication and broader social/political conversations.     

“Hey Friend,Buy Green”: Social Media Use to Influence Eco-Purchasing Involvement

This study addresses the use of message carriers to convey corporate social responsibility information to promote eco-purchasing involvement. The work tests various media formats transmitted via social media. The effects of corporate vs. peer communication in a corporate social responsibility campaign in stimulating self-reported eco-purchasing involvement are indicated. The research varies communication dimensions of a fictional corporate social responsibility campaign sent through social media. Multiple media formats; new release; article; and advertisement were tested, as was the inclusion of social media persuasive sentiment. The analysis of source/format combinations and source/format/sentiment combinations found statistically significant differences for consumer-to-consumer communication in stimulating eco-purchasing involvement in certain circumstances. This research suggests an emerging role for the consumer communicator as a content co-creator and validates the effective use of articles and news releases instead of advertising on social media, yielding managerial and scholarly implications.     

纳米晶粒TiO2多孔微球的制备及其光催化性能的研究进展

介绍了纳米晶粒TiO2多孔微球的主要制备方法、主要参量及表征、光催化性能研究进展,指出了纳米晶粒TiO2多孔微球制备过程的技术关键与基本参量的功能。针对目前存在的问题,提出了今后的主要研究方向,并展望了纳米晶粒TiO2多孔微球在水处理领域的应用前景。