Ignition characteristics, conditions of criticality and disappearance of criticality of cumene hydroperoxide reaction by modeling approach

The thermal explosion problem of cumene hydroperoxide exothermic reaction which is used in chemical industries for production of some chemical materials is investigated. The analytical solutions of the problem to determine the margin between ignition and non-ignition systems are presented. The solution offers different analytical expressions which relate between the critical parameters for both steady and unsteady-states in different planes of solutions for different cases. The numerical solutions in different planes offer different trajectories of solution as sub-critical (non-ignition) and supercritical (ignition). Also from the numerical solution the relations between the critical parameters are presented. The critical behaviors from both analytical and numerical solutions are concise and pertained the same results.     

环境监测实验室重要试剂及耗材的质量验收方法

阐述了对环境监测实验室重要试剂及消耗性材料进行质量验收的必要性,以实验用水、过硫酸钾、活性炭采样管和滤膜等典型的试剂及消耗材料为例,介绍了常用的重要试剂及消耗性材料质量验收的程序、范围、方法、要求与结果讨论.     

Experimental and numerical methodology for the analysis of fireproofing materials

In this study, a methodology for the assessment of fireproofing materials performance is presented. The methodology is based on a combined experimental and numerical approach. A modified version of the ASTM E162 standard fire test was used to expose specimens of steel board protected with different types of fireproofing materials to a steady radiation source. The temperature of the steel board was recorded with an infrared camera in order to evaluate the heat up due to the fire and characterize the protective performance. Experimental results were used to validate a simplified mono-dimensional model which allowed simulating more severe conditions and different protection configurations. A specific key performance indicator (KPI) was used for the quantitative assessment of fireproofing effectiveness. Finally, the professional career of Menso Molag, safety pioneer in the framework of hazardous materials transportation, was outlined.     

有机物料对淹水植稻过程中有机-无机复混肥肥料氮有效性的影响

通过淹水植稻试验，研究了几种有机－无机复混肥肥料氮的有效性及影响因素．结果表明：含不同有机物料（木薯渣、人粪渣、泥炭和花生麸）的有机－无机复混肥肥料氮的有效性不同：有机物料能够延缓前期肥料氮的释放，促进中后期水稻氮素的供应；不同有机物料对水稻氮素供应的影响亦有不同；有机物料的组分是影响有机－无机复混肥肥料氮有效性的主要因素之一．     

Environmental protection by utilization of the slag from magnesium production in building materials

This paper presents the results of research on the utilization of slag produced as the waste material of metallic magnesium production. This material is a fine powder with a high magnesium content. The characterization of slag was performed by XRD, DTA and TG analysis. Chemical composition and mechanical properties of slag were also determined. By using a mixture this slag and limestone aggregate, it is possible to obtain dry mortar which, mixed with water, gives a material fully satisfying for plastering mortar. By adding inorganic pigments (Fe₂O₃, Ca₂O3, etc.) decorative mortars are obtained, and when they are spread over the foundation made of brick or concrete, they retain their colour on the entire coating and surface of the mortar.     

天然富碳沉积物中菲的吸附行为研究

根据密度和粒度,对受煤矿活动影响的天然沉积物进行分离,并研究原始沉积物和各组分对菲的吸附行为.岩相分析鉴别出沉积物中富含煤和各种煤的生成物,这些富碳物质对沉积物中PAHs的行为意义重大.分别应用了Freundlich以及分配和填孔二元模型对实验数据进行拟合.结果表明,各组分对菲的吸附均表现出非线性的吸附特征,其n值在0.72～0.76之间.轻组分lgKFr高达4.03,显示出与原煤相当的吸附容量.同时,相比Freundlich模型,二元模型表现出更好的拟合度,揭示了低cw下以“填孔”为主导,高cw下以“分配”为主导的吸附机制.富含富碳物质的轻组分虽然在沉积物中含量不足5%,但该组分对整个沉积物吸附量的贡献率高达60%以上.     

高梯度磁分离技术在水处理中的应用及发展

高梯度磁分离技术是一种新型的水处理技术,目前已经得到了大量应用,具有广阔的应用前景。本文介绍了它的基本原理,综述了该技术在水处理中的应用现状,并做出了展望。     

广东省不同母质赤红壤磷的吸附与解吸

研究了广东省4种不同母质赤红壤磷的吸附与解吸特征,结果表明,4种不同母质赤红壤等温吸附方程（Langmuir方程,Freundilch方程和Temkin方程）的拟合结果都达到了极显著的水平。土训吸附磷量由大到小的顺序为：玄武岩＞页岩＞花岗岩＞砂页岩。赤红壤对磷的解吸顺序为：玄武岩＜页岩＜花岗岩＜砂页岩,说明粘粒较少的母质土壤对磷的吸附力也小,因此,更容量解吸。提高土壤有机质的含量,可以改善土训的供磷性能。     

Enantiomer fractions of chiral organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in standard and certified reference materials

Enantiomeric ratios (ERs) and enantiomeric fractions (EFs) of a number of chiral organochlorine pesticides and PCB atropisomers were measured by chiral gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) in five standard (SRM) and certified (CRM) reference materials: SRM 1588a (organics in cod liver oil), SRM 1945 (organics in whale blubber), Marine Mammal Quality Assurance Exercise Control Material IV (NIST IV, organics in whale blubber), CRM trout, and CRM EC-5 (sediment). Target analytes were cis- and trans-chlordane, heptachlor exo-epoxide, oxychlordane, U82, MC5, MC6, MC7, o,p^′-DDT, and PCB congeners 91, 95, 136, 149, 174, 176, and 183. Measured ERs and EFs are in close agreement with the few literature values reported for some of these analytes in SRMs and CRMs. Chiral PCB ERs and EFs measured by one-dimensional chiral GC/MS were similar to values measured using multidimensional chiral GC/MS. Non-racemic chiral compositions are in agreement with known uptake and biotransformation in the respective environmental matrices. These values should aid in the quality assurance/quality control methodologies for chiral environmental chemistry using standardized reference materials.     

哈密地区建筑材料氡发射系数测定

本文用FD-125型氡钍分析仪以α-射气闪烁法测定了哈密地区建材氡发射系数,其范围值为0～18.7％.氡发射平均系数的高低顺序是土块>普通水泥>花岗石材>红砖>预制构件>沙>石灰.结果表明,建材氡发射系数的高低不仅取决于建材~(226)Ra含量,很大程度上也取决于建材氡发射系数.测定该系数对评价建材所致居民室内氡浓度有一定意义.