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511.
Polyporus sp. S133, a fungus collected from contaminated soil, was used to degrade phenanthrene, a polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbon, in a mineral salt broth liquid culture. A maximal degradation rate (92%) was obtained when Polyporus sp. S133
was cultured for 30 days with agitation at 120 r/min, as compared to 44% degradation in non-agitated cultures. Furthermore, the
degradation was a ected by the addition of surfactants. Tween 80 was the most suitable surfactant for the degradation of phenanthrene
by Polyporus sp. S133. The degradation rate increased as the amount of Tween 80 added increased. The rate in agitated cultures was
about 2 times that in non-agitated cultures. The mechanism of degradation was determined through the identification of metabolites;
9,10-phenanthrenequinone, 2,2’-diphenic acid, phthalic acid, and protocatechuic acid. Several enzymes (manganese peroxidase, lignin
peroxidase, laccase, 1,2-dioxygenase and 2,3-dioxygenase) produced by Polyporus sp. S133 were detected during the incubation. The
highest level of activity was shown by 1,2-dioxygenase (187.4 U/L) after 20 days of culture. 相似文献
512.
《环境科学学报(英文版)》2008,(11)
Biosorption can be an effective process for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions.The adsorption of Cu(Ⅱ) from aqueous solution on the extracellular polymers (EPS) from Bacillus sp.(named MBFF19) with respect to pH,incubation time,concentration of initial Cu(Ⅱ),and biosorbent dose was studied.Biosorption of Cu(Ⅱ) is highly pH dependent.The maximum uptake of Cu(Ⅱ) (89.62 mg/g) was obtained at pH 4.8.Biosorption equilibrium was established in approximately 10 min.The correlation coeffcient of mor... 相似文献
513.
通过接种Penicillium sp.和模拟小麦根际环境的方法,研究了甲磺隆在Penicillium sp.和小麦根际分泌物协同作用下的生物降解特性.结果表明,根系分泌物丰富了土著微生物和外源微生物,对甲磺隆的降解具有显著的促进作用.接种Penicillium sp.的根际土壤中甲磺隆降解半衰期为8.6 d,其降解速率是接种Penicillium sp.的非根际土壤的1.8倍,是普通根际土壤的2.7倍.继续追加甲磺隆的试验表明,接种菌株Penicillium sp.对甲磺隆的降解具有可持续性. 相似文献
514.
515.
Hai Yan Xiaojing Yang Jian Chen Chunhua Yin Chengbin Xiao Hao Chen 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(7):1165-1170
Synergistic removal of aniline by carbon nanotubes and the enzymes of Delftia sp. XYJ6, a newly isolated bacterial strain for
biodegrading aniline, was investigated. It showed that biodegradation rate of aniline was increased with the augment of protein
concentration in cell-free extract of Delftia sp. XYJ6. The adsorption amount of aniline by multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)
was slightly higher than that by single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), however the adsorption amount of protein of Delftia sp.
XYJ6 by MWCNTs was lower than that by SWCNTs. Much more amount of aniline could be removed by CE of Delftia sp. XYJ6 in
the presence of SWCNTs than MWCNTs, which indicated that an efficient reaction between aniline and enzymes of Delftia sp. XYJ6
on the surface of SWCNTs played a key role in the rapid enzymatic biodegradation of aniline. This study is not previously reported and
may be useful in basic research and the removal of aniline from wastewater. 相似文献
516.
Jia Liu Kaiming Peng Xiangfeng Huang Lijun Lu Hang Cheng Dianhai Yang Qi Zhou Huiping Deng 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(6):1020-1026
Exploration of biodemulsifiers has become a new research aspect. Using waste frying oils (WFOs) as carbon source to synthesize
biodemulsifiers has a potential prospect to decrease production cost and to improve the application of biodemulsifiers in the oilfield.
In this study, a demulsifying strain, Alcaligenes sp. S-XJ-1, was investigated to synthesize a biodemulsifier using waste frying oils as
carbon source. It was found that the increase of initial pH of culture medium could increase the biodemulsifier yield but decrease the
demulsification ratio compared to that using paraffin as carbon source. In addition, a biodemulsifier produced by waste frying oils and
paraffin as mixed carbon source had a lower demulsification capability compared with that produced by paraffin or waste frying oil as
sole carbon source. Fed-batch fermentation of biodemulsifier using waste frying oils as supplementary carbon source was found to be a
suitable method. Mechanism of waste frying oils utilization was studied by using tripalmitin, olein and tristearin as sole carbon sources
to synthesize biodemulsifier. The results showed saturated long-chain fatty acid was difficult for S-XJ-1 to utilize but could effectively
enhance the demulsification ability of the produced biodemulsifier. Moreover, FT-IR result showed that the demulsification capability
of biodemulsifiers was associated with the content of C=O group and nitrogen element. 相似文献
517.
为揭示双酚F的厌氧归趋及提高双酚F的厌氧生物转化速率,本文以硝酸盐为电子受体,研究了Pseudomonas sp. HS-2厌氧转化双酚F的特性,并外加4种疏水性蒽醌类化合物(蒽醌、1-氨基蒽醌、2-氨基蒽醌、2-羟基蒽醌)来促进双酚F的厌氧转化.结果表明,菌株HS-2能够将双酚F厌氧转化为4,4-二羟基二苯基甲酮.最适培养条件为:硝酸盐5 mmol·L~(-1)、pH=7和温度35℃.在最适条件下,4种疏水性蒽醌类化合物均能促进双酚F厌氧转化,且2-氨基蒽醌的促进作用最明显.当2-氨基蒽醌浓度为20 mg·L~(-1)时,准一级反应速率常数为2.9×10~(-2) h~(-1),较不加2-氨基蒽醌体系提高了37.1%.在无硝酸盐存在时,2-氨基蒽醌不能使菌株HS-2厌氧转化双酚F.但当硝酸盐存在时,外加2-氨基蒽醌则能够促进双酚F的厌氧转化. 相似文献
518.
酚类物质在棉花对枯萎病抗性中的作用 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
分析了枯萎病菌侵染及氟乐灵诱发处理后,棉苗叶片和根茎部组织中可溶性酚和黄酮醇以及不溶性细胞结合酚(胞壁结合简单酚、胞壁结合复杂酚聚合物及胞壁结合黄酮醇)含量的变化.结果表明:抗病品种棉苗组织中酚类物质的含量高于感病品种棉苗中的含量,氟乐灵诱发处理促进了棉苗组织中酚类物质的积累;枯萎病菌侵染可明显提高棉苗体内的酚含量,但抗病品种棉苗及经氟乐灵诱发处理并产生诱导抗性的棉苗受侵后其组织中酚含量的增加幅度更大.由此认为,棉花体内的酚类物质与棉花对枯萎病的抗病性以及由氟乐灵诱发的诱导抗性有关. 相似文献
519.
520.
Methyl-β-cyclodextrin enhanced biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and associated microbial activity in contaminated soil 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mingming Sun Yongming Luo Peter Christie Zhongjun Ji Zhengao Li Ying Teng 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2012,24(5):926-933
The contamination of soils by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is a widespread environmental problem and the remediation of PAHs from these areas has been a major concern.The effectiveness of ma... 相似文献