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排序方式: 共有76条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
徐小欣 《环境监测管理与技术》2003,15(1):10-12
船舶排污现场监察识别和综合确认,涉及面广,是环境监察的重要内容之一。根据我国现行环境管理法规及ISO14000环境管理体系中环境因素的识别方法,提出了船舶排污现场监察识别程序,监察识别内容和综合确认的方法,为环境管理决策提供依据。 相似文献
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用停封旧船改造油污水接收处理船,统一回收处理运输船舶含油废水,与建造新船相比,缩短了工程周期,节约大量投资,并最快地解决了长江油污染问题。 相似文献
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四川彭州铜尾矿库植被特征分析与植物群落演替初探 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文分析了四川彭州铜矿尾矿库的植被特征、群落特征与演替。在该尾矿库上自然定居的高等植物共91种,隶属38科79属,以菊科(Compositae)和禾本科(Gramineae)植物为主。形成6种相对稳定的群落类型;在2003年弃耕后形成的地段分布有史蒿+小飞蓬群落(Artemisia argyi+Conyza conadensis Comm.)、艾蒿+打破碗花花群落(Artemisia argyi+Anemone hupehensis Comm.)、艾蒿群落(Artemisia argyi Comm.)和白车轴苹群落(Trifolium repens Comm.);在经过30~40年自然演替的地段分布有芭茅+羊耳菊群落(Miscanthus sinensis+Inula cappa Comm.)和羊耳菊+千里光+密蒙花群落(Inula cappa+Senecio scandens+Buddleja officinalis Comm.);在近十年内新形成的地段现主要覆盖地衣和葫芦藓(Funaria hygrometrica)。通过对群落结构和不同地段植被特征的对比,对本铜尾矿库的演替现状和规律进行了分析,井讨论了人为影响对演替进程的影响,提出了人工恢复措施的建议。 相似文献
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Source characterization of ambient fine particles at multiple sites in the Seattle area 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
To identify major PM2.5 (particulate matter ≤2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter) sources with a particular emphasis on the ship engine emissions from a major port, integrated 24 h PM2.5 speciation data collected between 2000 and 2005 at five United State Environmental Protection Agency's Speciation Trends Network monitoring sites in Seattle, WA were analyzed. Seven to ten PM2.5 sources were identified through the application of positive matrix factorization (PMF). Secondary particles (12–26% for secondary nitrate; 17–20% for secondary sulfate) and gasoline vehicle emissions (13–31%) made the largest contributions to the PM2.5 mass concentrations at all of the monitoring sites except for the residential Lake Forest site, where wood smoke contributed the most PM2.5 mass (31%). Other identified sources include diesel vehicle emissions, airborne soil, residual oil combustion, sea salt, aged sea salt, metal processing, and cement kiln. Residual oil combustion sources identified at multiple monitoring sites point clearly to the Port of Seattle suggesting ship emissions as the source of oil combustion particles. In addition, the relationship between sulfate concentrations and the oil combustion emissions indicated contributions of ship emissions to the local sulfate concentrations. The analysis of spatial variability of PM2.5 sources shows that the spatial distributions of several PM2.5 sources were heterogeneous within a given air shed. 相似文献
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Volker Matthias Ines Bewersdorff Markus Quante 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(6):2241-2250
As a consequence of the global distribution of manufacturing sites and the increasing international division of labour, ship traffic is steadily increasing and is becoming more and more important as an origin of air pollution.This study investigates the impact of ship emissions in coastal areas of the North Sea under conditions of the year 2000 by means of a regional chemistry transport model which runs on a sufficiently high resolution to study air pollution in coastal regions. It was found that northern Germany and Denmark in summer suffer from more than 50% higher sulphate, nitrate and ammonium aerosol concentrations due to contributions from ships. The implementation of a sulphur emission control area (SECA) in the North Sea, as it was implemented at the end of 2007, directly results in reduced sulphur dioxide and sulphate aerosol concentrations while nitrate aerosol concentrations are slightly increased. 相似文献
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This paper examines the impact of training programs on the ability of trainee watch officers to make decisions in collision avoidance situations.It draws on previous studies which have shown that experts are able to manage complex situations in an acceptable way. However, observations of students on simulators have revealed that many of them are unable to manage such situations or even to recall their main features. It is therefore necessary to identify new training tools that will give trainees the capacity to assess a situation quickly and accurately, and to perform satisfactory actions. These would be in addition to formal regulations.Exercises were designed to evaluate the impact of such tools on the decision-making process of trainees. The impact of the type of navigation experienced by trainees during their on-the-job training was also evaluated.Results showed that decision-making exercises did tend to improve the trainees’ capacity to analyse a complex situation; however, they did not have a clear impact on the manoeuvre performed. On the contrary, there was an obvious difference between the trainees who experienced complex avoidance situations during their on-the-job training period and those who did not.At a time where ship-owners are looking to reduce the length of the “on-the-job” training period, these results point to its vital importance. 相似文献
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西昌-攀枝花高速公路弃土场土壤侵蚀预报 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为探讨高速公路施工期弃土场边坡的水土流失规律,对西昌—攀枝花高速公路一弃土场边坡进行了天然降雨条件下水土流失观测试验,结果表明,弃土场边坡的主要侵蚀形式是沟蚀,主要侵蚀因子是次降雨量和汇水平台宽度。最后提出了预测西昌—攀枝花高速公路弃土场边坡土壤侵蚀量的土壤侵蚀模型。 相似文献