三种典型的污泥发电工艺

污泥发电是城市污水处理厂进行污泥合理开发利用的技术措施之一,是污泥实行减量化、稳定化、无害化、资源化的良好方法,本文介绍了3种典型的污泥发电工艺：污泥焚烧发电;污泥厌氧消化产生沼气、通过燃气轮机组发电;污泥厌氧消化产生沼气、进而通过改质制造氢气,经燃料电池发电。对污泥合理利用的规范化、科学化有一定的借鉴意义。     

沈阳市污水处理厂污泥处置现状及对策

目前沈阳市日处理市政污水能力为130万m^3／d,日产污泥约700t／d,污泥问题已经日益严重。通过对沈阳市污水处理厂污泥处置必要性、现状、污泥特征的分析,对沈阳市污泥处置的发展方向提出了思路及对策。     

某污水处理厂活性污泥沉降脱水性能的研究

以污泥沉降特性的参数及各参数之间的规律为研究目标,结果表明当活性污泥的SVI和MLSS分别在110-150,1500-2000mg/L时,污泥沉降速度在2-6min内有很明显的峰值,污泥界面高度变化明显.且在维持污泥沉降性能的前提下,随着污泥SVI(污泥指数)的增大,污泥的MLSS(污泥浓度)值呈递减趋势.具有相同污泥...     

Modeling and optimization of activated sludge bulking for a real wastewater treatment plant using hybrid artificial neural networks-genetic algorithm approach

Prediction of sludge bulking is a matter of growing importance around the world. Sludge volume index (SVI) should be monitored to predict sludge bulking for a wastewater treatment plant. This study was an effort to develop hybrid artificial neural network-genetic algorithm models (MLPANN-GA and RBFANN-GA) to accurately predict SVI. Operating parameters, including MLVSS, pH, DO, temperature, TSS, COD and total nitrogen were the inputs of neural networks. Genetic algorithm was utilized in order to optimize weights and thresholds of the MLPANN and RFBANN models. Training procedures for SVI estimation were successful for both the MLPANN-GA and RBFANN-GA models. The training and validation models showed an almost perfect match between experimental and predicted values of SVI. The results indicated that with low experimental values of input data to train ANNs, the MLPANN-GA compared with the RBFANN-GA is more accurate due to higher coefficient of determination (R²) and lower root mean squared error (RMSE) values. The values of RMSE and R² for the optimal models approached 0 and 1, respectively. The mean average error for the ANN models did not exceed 3% of the input values of the measured SVI. The GA increased the accuracy of all the MLPANN and RBFANN models.     

盐酸法提取污泥中蛋白质过程的研究

为了探索剩余污泥中蛋白质的提取方法,采用盐酸和氢氧化钠对污泥中蛋白质进行了提取,并对提取液进行了紫外光谱分析。结果证明盐酸提取法更有利于污泥中蛋白质的提取操作,并可以保证蛋白质质量。随后,实验考察了温度、污泥浓度、盐酸浓度以及操作时间对提取液中蛋白质浓度的影响情况。结果表明:蛋白质浓缩随温度呈先慢后快的增加趋势,随污泥浓度呈线性增加趋势,随盐酸浓度呈先快后慢增加趋势,适当延长时间有利于提升提取液中的蛋白质浓度。     

复合硫杆菌生物淋滤对Mn去除的研究

通过利用复合硫杆菌(氧化亚铁硫杆菌和氧化硫硫杆菌)在不同接种量(5%,10%,20%)对市政污泥进行生物淋滤实验,探讨了淋滤过程中pH和氧化还原电位(ORP)、Mn的淋滤效果及淋滤过程中其形态的变化。结果表明:该方法能有效淋出污泥中的Mn,生物淋滤12d后,10%接种量反应器Mn的淋出率达到100%;Mn的淋出率受pH和ORP的双重影响,与pH和ORP的关系为:淋出率等于2.439-0.452pH-0.002ORP;各形态中Mn的可交换态和残渣态变化幅度大,从形态变化上表明该淋滤反应对Mn具有有效的淋出;Mn各形态的淋滤能力是:碳酸盐结合态>铁锰氧化物结合态>残渣态>有机物结合态。     

低成本的污泥燃料合成方法

通过研究污泥、煤以及干化剂的不同比例混合搅拌,测定混合后污泥的热值,结果表明:污泥、煤、干化剂的比例为:59%、36%、5%时,热值最高,混合燃料的热值可达到12762kJ/kg,满足电厂用煤热量要求,且污泥贡献的热值最高为5505kJ/kg;污泥采用高速搅拌的预处理方法后,相同配比的混合燃料其干化时间可节约1h以上。     

增加污水中挥发性脂肪酸以提高生物除磷效果的研究进展

VFA（挥发性脂肪酸）是生物除磷过程中的关键物质,并且不同VFA对生物除磷效果的影响也不相同。本文介绍了提高污水中VFA含量的几种方法,这些方法包括直接加入VFA、通过发酵污水产生VFA、发酵污水和初沉污泥产生VFA、发酵初沉污泥以及发酵初沉污泥和剩余污泥的混合物产生VFA等几种方法来提高生物除磷效率。目前国内外以发酵初沉污泥产生VFA的研究和应用较多。     

利用粉煤灰输送与贮存系统处置粘胶纤维污水场污泥的研究

通过对粘胶纤维污水场的中和脱锌污泥、二沉池剩余污泥和煤灰水混合体的沉降性能实验,证实其固液分离性能良好;吸附与渗透实验取得了粉煤灰、亚粘土对锌、汞的吸附等温线和地下水影响预测所需的参数;并分析了灰泥混合流体对电厂原输灰系统和环境的影响。研究结果表明：利用粉煤灰输送与贮存系统处置粘胶纤维污水场污泥的处理工艺在技术上可行,操作简单、运行可靠、投资少,每年可节省污泥处理费用40.5万元。外排污染物达到国家排放标准。     

Effect of sludge treatment on the bioaccumulation of nonylphenol in grass grown on sludge-amended soil

We studied the accumulation of p353-nonylphenol residues in the biomass of grass grown in soil amended with sewage sludge submitted to various conditioning/dewatering treatments. Incubation experiments were conducted growing Poa pratensis in sludge-amended soils and applying one ¹⁴C-labelled isomer of nonylphenol in the different systems. More metabolites than parent compounds were recovered in both roots and leaves of the grass. The type of sludge conditioning and dewatering treatment had a slight effect on the bioaccumulation of nonylphenol and its metabolites. When the grass was cultivated in soils amended with dewatered sludge without conditioning pretreatment, an increased accumulation was observed in the roots, while the final biomass of the grass was lower.