Effects of sludge age on anaerobic acidification of waste activated sludge: Volatile fatty acids production and phosphorus release

Effects of sludge age on volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production and Phosphorus (P) release during anaerobic acidification of waste activated sludge (WAS) were investigated. Sequencing batch reactors (SBR) fed with simulating domestic sewage were applied to produce WAS of different sludge ages, and batch tests were used for anaerobic acidification. The maximum dissolved total organic carbon, release of  ${\text{PO}}_4^{3+}?\mathrm{P}$, and accumulation of acetate (C2), propionate (C3), butyrate (C4), and valerate (C5) decreased by 56.2%, 55.8%, 52.6%, 43.7%, 82.4% and 84.8%, respectively, as the sludge age of WAS increased from 5 to 40 days. Limited degradation of protein played a dominating role in decreasing DTOC and VFAs production. Moreover, the increase in molecular weight of organics and organic nitrogen content in the supernatant after acidification suggested that the refractory protein in WAS increased as sludge age extended. Although the production of C2, C3, C4, and C5 from WAS decreased as the sludge age increased, the proportions of C2 and C3 in VFAs increased, which might be due to the declined production of C5 from protein and the faded genus Dechlorobacter. Keeping sludge age of WAS at a relatively low level (<10 days) is more appropriate for anaerobic acidification of WAS as internal carbon sources and P resource.     

含油污泥处理技术研究

针对某炼厂难以处理的含油污泥，用正交试验法对自理含油污泥的试验条件（破乳剂用量、提取剂用量、热水用量及加药方式）进行了研究，确定了先加污泥量１．０％破乳剂ＪＰ９９８搅３０ｍｉｎ，再加污泥量３０％的８０℃热水，再缓慢加入污泥量１０％的提取剂在８０℃下反应１ｈ，最后在２０００ｒ／ｍｉｎ下离心分离２０ｍｉｎ的实验条件和化学配方；据此化学破乳加机械三相离心分离技术处理后的含油污泥的原油回收率达９０％，油回     

污泥化学调理和机械脱水方面的研究进展

综述了近几年来国内外有关化学药剂单独或联合调理对污泥脱水性能的影响。污泥颗粒尺寸、污泥化学组成对污泥脱水性能的影响。以及污泥化学调理的静电作用过程、污泥离心脱水过程、污泥过滤和挤压固化脱水过程等方面的研究进展。汇总了实验研究中常用的参数指标．并展望今后在污泥调理和机械脱水方面的发展动态。     

Effects of different sludge disintegration methods on sludge moisture distribution and dewatering performance

A key step in sludge treatment is sludge dewatering. However, activated sludge is generally very difficult to be dewatered. Sludge dewatering performance is largely affected by the sludge moisture distribution. Sludge disintegration can destroy the sludge structure and cell wall, so as change the sludge floc structure and moisture distribution, thus affecting the dewatering performance of sludge. In this article, the disintegration methods were ultrasound treatment, K₂FeO₄ oxidation and KMnO₄ oxidation. The degree of disintegration (DDCOD), sludge moisture distribution and the final water content of sludge cake after centrifuging were measured. Results showed that three disintegration methods were all effective, and K₂FeO₄ oxidation was more efficient than KMnO₄ oxidation. The content of free water increased obviously with K₂FeO₄ and KMnO₄ oxidations, while it decreased with ultrasound treatment. The changes of free water and interstitial water were in the opposite trend. The content of bounding water decreased with K₂FeO₄ oxidation, and increased slightly with KMnO₄ oxidation, while it increased obviously with ultrasound treatment. The water content of sludge cake after centrifuging decreased with K₂FeO₄ oxidation, and did not changed with KMnO₄ oxidation, but increased obviously with ultrasound treatment. In summary, ultrasound treatment deteriorated the sludge dewaterability, while K₂FeO₄ and KMnO₄ oxidation improved the sludge dewaterability.     

炼油厂"三泥"处理技术研究

采用“热萃取／脱水”技术处理炼油厂含油污泥,脱出水中COD小于150mg／L,含油量小于30mg／L,可直接捧入污水处理场。溶剂油取自炼油厂馏分油,原料易得,并且可以循环使用。该技术可以回收污泥中的有价值组份,符合变废为宝、综合利用的方针。     

污水处理固体废弃物污泥的处置方法研究

从生活污水处理工艺出发介绍污泥产生的环节,探究污泥传统处置方法和资源化处置方法,同时对污泥源头减量化方法做了详细论述,最后分析了污泥处置成本的影响因素,对污泥环保处置提供参考与帮助.     

粉煤灰/污泥烧结陶粒的研制与应用

以粉煤灰和工业污水处理站的剩余污泥为主要原材料,采用烧结法研制复合陶粒.分析了不同配方和不同烧结温度对陶粒性能的影响,以陶粒吸水率、容重为评价指标确定最佳配比和最佳烧结温度,并对陶粒用于铺设景观水底、治理城市水体进行了可行性分析.粉煤灰/污泥陶粒的容重为0.79～0.90 g/m3,吸水率为68.95%～80.01%.陶粒对水中氨氮和总磷吸附容量分别为0.03～0.05 mg/g和0.01～0.02 mg/g.     

镍、铬对活性污泥真实产率的影响

采用两个直流完全混合式反应器,研究了Ni(Ⅱ) 、Cr(Ⅵ) 对好氧活性污泥真实产率系数(YH)、COD去除率、MLSS和污泥呼吸作用的影响.结果表明,当Ni(Ⅱ) 、Cr(Ⅵ) 为3 mg/L时,YH(MMLSS/MCOD)从无重金属的0.388分别升高到Ni(Ⅱ) 的0.427和Cr(Ⅵ) 的0.408;COD的去除率不受影响,MLSS增加了7.5%;污泥呼吸作用增强了5%.随着Ni(Ⅱ) 、Cr(Ⅵ) 浓度的进一步增加,YH、COD去除率、MLSS和呼吸作用都迅速下降.当Ni(Ⅱ) 、Cr(Ⅵ) 为15 mg/L时,YH(MMLSS/MCOD)分别为0.289和0.218;而Ni(Ⅱ) 、Cr(Ⅵ) 为25 mg/L时,对污泥呼吸的抑制作用分别达43%和60%.总体来看,Cr(Ⅵ) 比Ni(Ⅱ) 对系统的毒性更大.     

城市初级污泥的嗜热厌氧消化研究

实验通过运行连续搅拌反应器(CSTR),对城市初级污泥的两步嗜热厌氧消化进行了研究。研究结果表明,同一步嗜热厌氧工艺相比,两步嗜热厌氧工艺运行稳定,具有更高的有机物降解率、病原体的杀灭率,多产出的甲烷气体不仅可以弥补由于预处理而额外消耗的能量,而且还有净能量剩余。     

膜生物反应器(MBR)污泥膨胀控制对策的应用实例

介绍了以洗浴废水为主要原水的中水回用工程中控制污泥膨胀的情况。经过分析认为,原水中氮、磷等营养物质平衡遭到破坏是导致污染高粘性膨胀的主要原因,并采取了投加混凝剂和营养物质、排泥以及增加水力停留时间等措施,从而有效控制污泥膨胀。