GIS技术在滇池流域水环境管理中的应用

针对滇池流域水环境管理现状及特点整合流域信息资源,探讨利用GIS技术开发流域水环境管理可视化平台的可能性,根据流域地理水文等特点,结合ArcGIS系列开发软件和SQL数据库开发技术,以NET为中间件开发平台,完成系统设计与构建,主要实现流域信息数据管理维护、数据搜索查询和可视化决策功能,利用GIS可视化功能反映流域水环境的特点,为滇池流域水环境管理起到辅助决策作用。     

Computer-supported visualization of rescue operations

Effective emergency management and response require a thorough understanding of the processes involved in a rescue operation and their interaction. Appropriate methods and tools for computer visualization of rescue operations can greatly facilitate activities such as command and control, system analysis, training, evaluation, and transfer of lessons learned. To this end, we introduce a method for systematic analysis, modeling and visualization of a rescue scenario. Models of rescue scenarios, prepared in advance, serve as the basis for data collection during an operation. The data collected are visualized in a computer tool with several views that can be customized according to the needs of different users. We demonstrate the method by applying it to a rescue operation where a taskforce trains for emergency response to a chemical incident.     

Small scale thin-layer boilover experiments: Physical understanding and modeling of the water sub-layer boiling and the flame enlargement

Boilover is defined as a violent ejection of fuel due to the vaporization of a water sub-layer, resulting in an enormous fire enlargement and formation of fireball and ground fire. This paper focuses on the physical principles behind the thin-layer boilover phenomenon, and on the improvement of the thin-layer boilover modeling. Small scale field and laboratory experiments, with a mixture of diesel and oil, and reservoirs ranging from 0.08 to 0.3 m, have been performed. High-speed visualizations and image processing, in parallel to temperature and mass loss measurements allows to better understand the water boiling, and the consequent flame enlargement. The modeling of the boilover period is done through the calculation of the pre-boilover burnt mass ratio and the boilover intensity based on the mass loss and on the flame enlargement.     

基于ArcView GIS实现环境治理的热链接

研究地理信息系统（GIS）技术在环境综合治理中的应用，基于Are View GIS探讨实现GIS热链接的方法，通过Avenue语言编写程序进行Are View的二次开发，同时建立文本、图像热链接，克服系统只能实现单一对象热连接的不便。建立环境治理区域图像数据库、基础信息数据库，应用地理信息系统技术实现环境治理工程规划设计、检查验收的可视化。通过AreView GIS的热链接功能提供准确的、可视化的环境综合治理依据。     

3D可视化石化装置安全管理系统的开发

本文介绍了3D可视化石化装置安全管理系统构成、功能和实验途径，该系统将三维激光扫描和GIS技术运用于石化行业，通过数据处理建立石化装置测绘级精度、全尺寸、全真实体的三维数字模型，并通过添加GIS信息和设备属性信息，实现石化装置5D可视化管理、分层管理、设备检维修和施工改造模拟、事故影响范围及应急救援最佳路径模拟、工作人员仿真培训等安全管理模块，为石化企业设备管理提供了新的技术平台。     

Analysis on research trends with dust explosions by bibliometric approach

Highly destructive combustible dust explosions, which is prone to cause secondary explosion, has been a concern in industrial processes. To understand the current development and status of research on dust explosions, 1276 publications related to dust explosions from 1998 to 2021 were indexed through the Web of Science Core Collection database. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to visualize and analyze the collected literature information. The number of articles related to dust explosions has increased from 12 in 1998 to 191 in 2021. China, the United States, and Canada are the major contributors in this field. Dalhousie University, Beijing Institute of Technology, and Dalian University of Technology are at the core of dust explosion research. Wei Gao, Paul Amyotte, and Chi-Min Shu are the most prolific researchers. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, Powder Technology, and Process Safety and Environmental Protection are the major sources of publications related to dust explosions. The research topic of dust explosions mainly evolves into four aspects: explosion characteristics and influencing factors, research media, explosion suppression, and numerical simulation. New research hotspots have appeared related to gas–dust hybrid mixtures, nanomaterials, and powder suppressants. The results can help researchers in the dust explosion field to quickly determine the research frontier and the overall situation.     

Lessons for PPGIS from the application of a decision-support tool in the Nova Forest Alliance of Nova Scotia, Canada

The effectiveness of a decision-support tool created to identify protected-area potential within the Nova Forest Alliance (NFA) of Nova Scotia, Canada is assessed from the perspective of a public participatory geographic information system (PPGIS) approach. The application sought to create an integrated GIS-based decision-support tool for community-focused communication and conservation assessment among NFA partners (including private woodland owners, government agencies, forest companies, and non-government organizations) and potential application within other model forests in Canada. The application illustrated that the GIS-based tool, once set up and populated with the necessary data, was able to generate effective visual alternatives to support decision making within the NFA community and elsewhere. However, from a PPGIS perspective, the application faced challenges that influenced the efficacy of its implementation: (1) limitations arose around data quality, use and sharing policies; (2) although opportunities for participation by the NFA partnership were initiated, these proved insufficient to achieve adequate engagement, buy in and support for the process and outcomes; and (3) the expert-grounded GIS-based tool requires a greater degree of expertise than may currently be present in the community. These challenges limit its ongoing use in the NFA and its potential utility in other model forests. For PPGIS-decision-support applications to be effective in the NFA and elsewhere, it is suggested that the following conditions be met: (1) implementation of geographically based data policies to allow for greater data accessibility, specifically with fewer bureaucratic and private sector barriers; (2) engagement of community partners in the initial project design, goal-setting and subsequent stages, even if this requires extensions to anticipated timelines; and (3) development of effective participatory technical systems that meet the needs of participants without being so complex as to constitute a barrier to their use.     

可视化黄浦江水环境数学模型系统设计与开发

随着信息技术的高速发展,传统的水环境数学模型与数据库技术、GIS技术、可视化编程工具紧密结合,水环境数学模型的可视化是其发展的一个重要趋势,也是开发水环境决策支持系统和水环境数学模型商业软件的重要基础。对可视化水环境数学模型的设计框架进行了初步探讨,并结合自主开发的可视化黄浦江二维水环境数学模型系统,介绍可视化水环境数学模型的设计与开发。     

可视化技术及其在环境科学中的应用

可视化是近年新发展起来的一个研究和开发十分活跃的技术领域，它是把计算机图形学、图像处理和计算机视觉等技术应用于计算科学。目前已在各个学科中得到广泛的应用，主要介绍了可视化技术的概念、发展概况、实现过程以及可视化技术在环境科学中的应用和前景。     

城市安全规划的可视化技术研究

城市安全规划是提高城市安全水平的重要手段 ,笔者分别介绍了利用GIS(地理信息系统 )技术实现安全规划可视化的方法 ;介绍了以安全规划对象的可视化组织、安全规划对象的可视化编辑、安全规划结果可视化、危险源危险性可视化等方面的研究成果。该系列成果及其应用有利于安全规划工作的自动化、智能化和工作绩效的提高。