Efficiency and degradation products elucidation of the photodegradation of mefenpyrdiethyl in water interface using TiO2 P-25 and Hombikat UV100

The photodegradation of mefenpyrdiethyl (MFD), an herbicide safener, was investigated in aqueous suspensions by using Degussa P-25 and Hombikat UV100 titanium oxide under simulated sunlight irradiation. The effects of initial concentration of the herbicide, pH, catalysts and hydrogen peroxide doses as well as their combinations were studied and optimized. Accordingly, the kinetic parameters were determined and the effectiveness of the processes was assessed by calculating the rate constants. A pseudo first-order kinetics was observed. Under experimental conditions, the degradation rate constants were strongly influenced using P-25 and no noticeable effect was observed for Hombikat UV100. DFT calculations with B3LYP/6-311+G(2d,p)//B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) level of theory were performed to check whether significant conformational changes occur when the charge state of the MFD substrate changes and whether these changes could play a role in the dependency of photodegradation rate constant on the studied pH. High resolution mass spectrometry (FT-ICR/MS) was implemented to identify the main degradation products.     

Seasonal trend of ambient PCDD/Fs in Tianjin City, northern China using active sampling strategy

The spatial concentrations, seasonal trends, profiles and congener pairs of ambient polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) were investigated within a seasonally active sampling scheme during Jun 2008 and Jan 2009 in Tianjin City, northern China. The PCDD/F concentrations ranged 14.2-172 fg I-TEQ/m³ (average 69.3 fg I-TEQ/m³) in summer and (89.8-1.01) × 10³ fg I-TEQ/m³ (average 509 fg I-TEQ/m³) in winter, respectively, except for the E-waste dismantling site where much higher values were observed (1.04 × 10³ fg I-TEQ/m³ in summer and 7.123 × 10³ fg I-TEQ/m³ in winter). The results indicated a significantly seasonal trend with higher TEQ values in winter as compared with summer, which could be related to increased emission sources and seasonal variations of the atmospheric boundary layer height. 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF was the dominant contributor to the total PCDD/F toxic equivalents, and 2,3,7,8-TCDD was detected at almost all the sampling sites in winter. Most of the similarly substituted PCDD/F congener pairs exhibited high correlations, suggesting that they might have similar environmental fate or sources. But different seasonal and spatial distributions of PCDD/F concentrations indicated that the emission sources might be intermittent.     

活性焦负载MnO2对气态Hg0的吸附脱除研究

研究了活性焦(AC)及负载MnO2的活性焦(MnO2/AC)对气态Hg0的吸附脱除,发现负载MnO2到AC明显提高了其对Hg0的吸附脱除能力.考察了MnO2负载量、温度、Hg0浓度和烟气成分等对MnO2/AC吸附脱除Hg0的影响.结果表明,MnO2/AC对Hg0的吸附脱除能力随MnO2负载量的增加而增强;在120～200℃的温度范围内,随着温度升高,MnO2/AC对Hg0的吸附脱除能力增强;O2和HCl对MnO2/AC吸附脱除Hg0具有促进作用,而SO2和H2O具有抑制作用.SEM-EDX和逐级化学提取结果证实,MnO2将Hg0催化氧化为HgO并吸附在AC上,这是MnO2/AC具有较高的吸附脱除Hg0能力的原因.     

定位基本法改好《环保法》

《环境保护法》在环保领域的法律框架体系中事实上居于基础性、综合性地位,建议国家立法机关应当按照基本法的定位,改好环保法。     

唐纳德·沃斯特

唐纳德·沃斯特(Donald Worster)1941年生于美国加州,祖籍堪萨斯。是美国艺术与科学院院士、美国环境史学会前主席,美国最有影响的环境史学家之一。1963年和1964年在堪萨斯大学分别获得学士和文学硕士学位,1970年和1971年在耶鲁大学分别获得哲学硕士和哲学博士学位。毕业后,先后受聘任教于缅因大学,夏威夷大学,     

国外碳市场机制设计解读

碳交易不仅能以市场的方式促进经济结构的调整,而且将改善国民收入与民生。在碳交易设计阶段,澳大利亚即准备将碳市场创造收入的大部分用于个人所得税体系的调整,而且将主要关注中低收入群体。这将对国家的收入分配和生产力提高产生积极作用。     

欧盟强征“碳税”如意算盘背后

在中、美等国的强烈反对下,欧盟2012年2月7日终于在强行征收航空碳税问题上“服软”。欧盟气候行动司司长德贝克当天称,建议“有条件地暂停”航空碳税新法案的部分内容,前提是未来建立的全球气候保护体系都应胜过目前仅适用于欧盟的体系。此话表明,欧盟与中、美等国之间的碳税之争进入中场休息状态。     

航空业纳入欧盟排放贸易体系意味着什么？

Frontier Economics公司的一份评估报告指出,尽管欧洲航空业的碳排放量增长迅速,但它对欧盟碳排放总量的贡献仅有3％左右,到2030年可能也不足5％。     

碳：商品、金融工具、还是货币？——欧盟建议将排放权现货纳入金融工具监管体系的思考

去年年底,欧盟公布的一系列有关金融监管修订的提案引起了碳市场各方的广泛关注和热烈讨论。其中,新制定的《反市场操作指令》（MAD）,     

税改催化绿色经济

环境保护部部长周生贤在国合会2011年年会上曾提出,为加快促进经济发展方式绿色转型,我们要大力发展绿色经济,以绿色发展带动经济转型。我们将推进能源多元清洁发展,提高能源资源利用率,最大限度地减少资源消耗;按照循环经济要求规划、建设和改造各类产业园区,构筑链接循环的产业体系;健全资源循环利用回收体系,推进再生资源规模化利用;鼓励使用绿色产品,推行绿色采购,推动形成绿色生活方式和消费模式。与此同时,环境法规政策标准往往是绿色经济发展和技术水平提高的催化剂,我们将积极推进环境税费改革,研究制定有利于环境保护的财税、金融、价格政策。